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Introduction
Publications
Publications (81)
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key indicator of soil health. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to increase SOC and respond to SOC content, which in turn, is directly related to land use. We investigated the relationships between land use and Glomeromycotina AMF spore abundance of two AMF functional guilds, rhizophilic (having high...
Background and Research Objectives: Habitat matrices of intensive agricultural use are generally inhospitable to native bees in fragmented forests. However, in some tropical regions of the world, agricultural landscapes are dominated by traditional agroecosystems, which harbor high plant diversity and are subject to low-intensity management. These...
Evaluación agronómica participativa de cultivares de frijol caupí [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] en Yucatán, México Resumen El frijol caupí es una leguminosa con alto valor nutricional y potencial agronómico en el trópico. La participación de los agricultores en el proceso de evaluación de cultivares es importante para identificar y difundir cultiv...
In southern Mexico, postharvest losses of grains are an important constraint in achieving food security and conservation of biodiversity. This study was conducted under field conditions to investigate the effect of prolonged storage on the grain quality of lima beans. Grain damage, moisture content, seed germination, and culinary quality were evalu...
Despite multiple decades of research on sustainable development, a need persists to adequately address the local contexts within which development is implemented. Nationally based development measures often overlook important local and regional variation. This paper, guided by a localization framework, seeks to provide a model for leveraging existi...
In the tropical region of southern Mexico, legume cover crops are an important resource for the sustainable management of farming systems. The integration of legume cover crops into the farm systems improves soil fertility and weed control. This study compared the growth and mineral characteristics of five legume cover crops on weed suppression and...
p> Background . Human societies have always depended on animals to satisfy different needs such as food, shelter, company, medicine, religion, among others. In Mayan rural areas, at present, the use of fauna is daily, so it is necessary to evaluate the relationships established between them and it is necessary to recognize the value of importance t...
Resumen: El paisaje milpa es un territorio con una marcada relación entre las poblaciones mayas y las selvas que se manifiestan en estrategias de manejo de los agroecosistemas locales: la milpa, el huerto familiar y la vegetación secundaria. El paisaje milpa enfrenta múltiples presiones socioambientales que requieren de marcos analíticos transdicip...
El manejo forestal comunitario sustentable favorece la economía de las comunidades rurales sin comprometer la capacidad de regeneración ni los servicios ecosistémicos que brindan las selvas, como el almacenamiento de carbono. Esta actividad ha sido ampliamente documentada en la Península de Yucatán, pero escasamente evaluada en el estado de Yucatán...
Las comunidades humanas tienen una estrecha relación con los ecosistemas que las rodean, de ellos obtienen beneficios tangibles como insumos y alimentos, e intangibles como la tranquilidad y seguridad de sentirse protegidos. Conocer y registrar historias, entornos y percepciones de quienes manejan los recursos, favorece la elaboración de planes de...
La agricultura convencional con el establecimiento de monocul- tivos y el uso indiscriminado de plaguicidas impacta de forma negativa la fertilidad del suelo. El cultivo de especies leguminosas es una alternativa para mejorar las condiciones del suelo y producir alimento. Por ello, se determinaron las propiedades físicas y químicas del suelo, antes...
El frijol caupí (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) es una leguminosa con alto valor nutricional y el conocimiento de su diversidad y potencial agronómico contribuye a establecer las bases para su conservación y uso sostenible. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las características morfológicas y comportamiento agronómico de 20...
This work aimed to evaluate domestication effects on the genetic structure of two dioecious species Brosimum alicastrum Sw. (Moraceae) and Spondias purpurea L. (Anacardiaceae), and a heterostylous one Cordia dodecandra A. DC. (Cordiaceae), growing in remnant forests and homegardens within two climatic regions of the Peninsula of Yucatan. The trees...
Oxalate‐carbonate pathway (OCP) allows atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2atm) sequestration through deposition of CaCO3 in soils. The participation of Brosimum alicastrum in the OCP has been demonstrated in traditional Maya agroforesty systems (homegardens) in Yucatan, Mexico, but remains unstudied in wild vegetation. To compare the OCP role of B. ali...
RESUMEN Antecedentes. El estudio de la distribución geográfica de las especies es de gran utilidad para entender los patrones y los procesos que explican la biodiversidad e importantes para planear su conservación con base en la generación de mapas identificando áreas con una alta probabilidad de ocurrencia. Objetivo. Determinar la Distribución Pot...
p> Background. In recent decades there has been an increase in emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) into the atmosphere, this has caused negative impacts on both natural and anthropic systems. Due to the above, the study of the global dynamics of the carbon cycle has become more important, in order to design technologies and propose managem...
Background. In recent decades there has been an increase in emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, this has caused negative impacts on both natural and anthropic systems. Due to the above, the study of the global dynamics of the carbon cycle has become more important, in order to design technologies and propose management strategies...
Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is an important grain legume in tropical and subtropical regions. It requires low resource inputs and has a high nutritional value. Therefore, cowpea can play an important role in the development of agriculture. In southern Mexico, Mayan farmers have conserved and developed cowpea landraces for centuries. Nevert...
Domestication syndrome of several plants includes the gigantism of vegetative and reproductive structures. In the Peninsula of Yucatan, species from native forests are found as structural trees in homegardens. This work aimed to evaluate the variability in vegetative and reproductive structures, as well as the genetic diversity of Brosimum alicastr...
Cordia dodecandra A. DC. is an arboreal component of forests and Maya homegardens in the state of Yucatan, México. Changes in land use and landscape fragmentation have led to declines in wild populations. Understanding this species’ population structure is relevant to determining the current state of its populations and proposing strategies for its...
Research on sustainability was ignited by the Brundtland Report and further fueled by the recognition that sustainability is a critical challenge for the twenty-first century. The explosion of sustainability literature necessitates continuous review and synthesis. This targeted review focuses on sustainable rural land use in Latin America and the C...
El karst del estado de Yucatán, México, tiene su origen en los arrecifes coralinos y sedimentos marinos que, al exponerse a la superficie, formaron la roca caliza. Los procesos de solubilización-precipitación de esta roca han promovido la ausencia de corrientes de agua superficiales, un relieve ligeramente ondulado con planicies, depresiones y mont...
The presence of natural enemies can be influenced by many factors like the type of land use. These organisms are considered of great importance due to the pest control they perform without causing disturbance to the environment. In this study, the structure of the community of the Ichneumonoidea superfamily was analyzed, in three sites of an agroec...
The US and Mexico share a common history in many areas, including language and culture. They face ecological changes due to the increased frequency and severity of droughts and rising energy demands; trends that entail economic costs for both nations and major implications for human well being. We describe an ongoing effort by the Environment Worki...
El objetivo del presente estudio fue el conocer la estructura arbórea de la unidad de riego, cuya extensión es de 65 ha dividida en 65 parcelas de 10 000 m2 cada una, en las cuales se realizó un muestreo de 180 m2 por parcela. Se registraron 1 565 individuos los cuales pertenecen a 40 especies, 28 géneros y 19 familias, su distribución horizontal s...
Se realizó un análisis dasométrico a tres plantaciones de Cordia dodecandra A. DC. en Xmatkuil, Yucatán, que cuentan con nueve años de edad y reciben tres diferentes tipos de manejo. Se midió altura, fuste, DAP, cobertura y calidad del tronco de cada uno de los individuos de las plantaciones. La calidad del tronco se evaluó comparando la imagen dig...
Phenology of a species allows us to understand and predict flowering and fructification times useful in the management of deciduous tropical trees. This study was performed in three plantations (P1, P2 and P3) of Cordia dodecandra with different kind of management (P1, pruning, irrigation, weeding; P2, weeding; P3, without management), established...
A dasometric analysis of three Cordia dodecandra A. DC. plantations under different types of management at Xmatkuil, Yucatan was undertaken. The plantations were nine years old. Height, bole and DBH were measured. Coverage and quality of the trunks of all individuals of each plantation were assessed. Log quality of the trunk was evaluated comparing...
The aim of this study was to know the tree structure of the irrigation unit, whose area is 65 hectares divided into 65 plots of 10 000 m² each, in which a sample of 180 m² per plot was performed. 1565 individuals which belong to 40 species, 28 genera and 19 families, were recorded; its horizontal distribution is divided into four canopies, the high...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal and repellent efficiency of the hexanic extracts of seeds of neem Azadirachta indica on whitefly Bemisia tabaci adults. Bioassays were performed by testing seeds collected in 2007 (NEEM-1) and in 2008 (NEEM-2). Mortality was assessed with five levels (5-10%) and repellence at two levels (5 and...
Analisou-se a composição nutricional e isotópica (C e N) de folhas de mogno (. Swietenia macrophylla King) em plantações estabelecidas em solos e climas contrastantes na América Central (Quintana Roo, Yucatán, México) e na América do Sul (Pará, Brasil). O objetivo foi determinar a adaptabilidade dessa espécie para grandes diferenças na disponibilid...
We analyzed the nutritional composition and isotope ratios (C and N) of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) leaves in plantations established on contrasting soils and climates in Central America (State of Quintana Roo, Yucatán, México) and South America (State of Pará, Brazil). The objective was to determine the adaptability of this spec...
Seasonally dry tropical forests are dominated by deciduous and evergreen tree species with a wide range of leaf phenology. We hypothesized that Piscidia piscipula is able to extend leaf senescence until later in the dry season due to deeper and more reliable water sources than Gymnopodium floribundum, which loses leaves earlier in the dry season. P...
Soils of the municipality of Hocabá, Yucatán, México, were identified according to both Mayan farmers’ knowledge and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). To identify Maya soil classes, field descriptions made by farmers and semistructured interviews were utilized. WRB soils were identified by describing soil profiles and analyzing sam...
Over the last 30 years, plant extracts have been used against several phytophagous insect species, gaining importance as alternatives for pest control, because they do not affect the environment and are friendly to phytophagous insects' natural enemies. In the present work, the insecticidal and repellent effects of C. chinense extract against B. ta...
Water stress is a major cause of mortality in plants. It occurs when transpiration exceeds the amount of water absorbed by roots. The morphological and physiological effects of plant water stress have been well documented in adult trees but little is known about effects on seedlings. The aim of this study was to evaluate, under semi-controlled cond...
Background and Aims
With limited soil depth in northern Yucatán (<30 cm), roots grow deeper through rock fractures and dissolution karst features (i.e., cavities, including soil-filled ones known as soil pockets). We assessed the importance of limestone bedrock and dissolution karst features on tree root growth.
Methods
Fieldwork was conducted in...
Background/Question/Methods
Most plants have difficulty growing on shallow soils because rooting depth is insufficient for anchorage and water storage and nutrient pools are limited. Northern Yucatan is a limestone karst environment where shallow (<30 cm deep) stony soils are common. Nevertheless the weathering of bedrock promotes fractures and di...
Pest insects, plant extracts, biological activity, secondary compounds.
Northern Yucatan is a dry tropical area where limestone karst terrain supports a subdeciduous forest that is critical for sustaining the local economy of Mayan people. The 5- to 10-m-deep vadose zone is characterized by shallow soils (< 30 cm thick) with frequent rock outcrops overlying limestone bedrock, which contains the aquifer. This limestone...
El objetivo fue evaluar el potencia l de tres leguminosas como coberturas para mejorar el sistema de producción de maíz. Se evaluaron cuatro tratamie ntos: 1) maíz solo; 2) maíz y Phaseolus lunatus de ciclo corto de semilla blanca 3) maíz y Phaseolus lunatus de ciclo largo de semilla blanca y 4) maíz y frijol terciopelo (Mucuna sp.) en un diseño ex...
Variants of Spondias purpurea or abales are crops widely used and managed by the Maya of the Yucatán peninsula, México, where the highest number of variants of this species (32) has been reported for Mexico. Ethnobotanical studies were conducted in the Municipality of Hocabá, Yucatán to find how many types of abales are recognized by local people,...
The influence of the association trees on the height and diameter growth of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) and ramón (Brosimum alicastrum Sw.) plantations during the establishment period in an quarry near the city of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, was
evaluated. Associated trees to mahogany were tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.) and achiote (Bixa o...
Despite limited water storage capacity, shallow soils of northern Yucatan can support woody vegetation with large standing biomass under seasonally dry tropical climate. Our research on the naturally occurring concentration gradients in oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes in soil, bedrock, groundwater and plant stem water has shown the ability of t...
Due to the predominance of Agave fourcroydes Lem. plantations in northern Yucatan during the last 150 years, the economic importance of trees outside of the traditional
homegardens has largely been neglected. Few farmers in northern Yucatan use native trees to supply multiple services and goods
such as shade and shelter for animals, food, medicines...
Ecosystem services are fundamental to the development of sustainable landscapes but are
largely ignored or taken for granted in land management strategies. Ecosystems, and the
ecological processes that define them, form the natural infrastructure supporting human
activities to enhance the economic and social well-being of communities. This chapt...
The sources of water used by woody vegetation growing on karst soils in seasonally dry tropical regions are little known. In northern Yucatan (Mexico), trees withstand 4–6 months of annual drought in spite of the small water storage capacity of the shallow karst soil. We hypothesized that adult evergreen trees in Yucatan tap the aquifer for a relia...
Due to the predominance of Agave fourcroydes Lem. plantations in northern Yucatan during the last 150 years, the economic importance of trees outside of the traditional homegardens has largely been neglected. Few farmers in northern Yucatan use native trees to supply multiple services and goods such as shade and shelter for animals, food, medicines...
The tree `Ciricote' (Cordia dodecandra: Boraginaceae) is distributed naturally in Mexico, Guatemala, Belize and Honduras, where it is an important component of dry tropical forests and thickets. This traditional multipurpose tree is frequently found in Maya homegardens and plays an important role for livelihoods. The edible fruits are used to make...
Adult evergreen Ramón (Brosimum alicastrum Sw. Moraceae) trees can thrive on the shallow soils atop limestone of northern Yucatan despite limited soil water storage capacity, and do not require irrigation during the annual dry season. We hypothesized that early development of deep roots to reach moist subsoil layers or groundwater is critical to th...
The dendrochronological characteristics of 52 tree species from the semi-tropical forests of the Yucatán Peninsula were opportunistically explored in a salvage dendrochronological study. The existence of clear growth rings in these trees is a key prerequisite for further studies and a convincing demonstration of the dendrochronological potential of...
In the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico, Maya natives have been propagating important species for centuries. However, little documentation exists of these methods, and traditional knowledge is fading as younger generations seek work in urban centers. With growing interest in using some of these species for plantation-scale production, this knowledge sho...
The aim of this work was to study the relationships between the relief pattern and the soil unit using the World Reference Base for Soil Resources in karst zones with two different geology on Yucatán, México, as well as to identifing a minimum data set of soil properties for utilitarian soil survey. The study zone comprises three distinctive subzon...
RESUMEN Se describe el patrón altitudinal de los suelos de acuerdo con el microrelieve y se evalúa la importancia del color del suelo como propiedad distintiva y su relación con las propiedades químicas en Leptosoles de la zona henequenera de Yucatán, México. Se realizaron dos transectos a lo largo del microrelieve, las muestras se tomaron a interv...
RESUMEN Se describe el patrón altitudinal de los suelos de acuerdo con el microrelieve y se evalúa la importancia del color del suelo como propiedad distintiva y su relación con las propiedades químicas en Leptosoles de la zona henequenera de Yucatán, México. Se realizaron dos transectos a lo largo del microrelieve, las muestras se tomaron a interv...
As the bush fallow portion of shifting cultivation in Yucatan is shortened from the traditional 25-30 years to 6-12 years, soil productivity declines. Soil properties associated with this decline have not been documented because of the extreme short-range soil variability on Yucatan's limestone shield with its mosaic of black and red soils. We exam...
Data on the composition and stand dynamics of abandoned henequen (Agave fourcroydes) fields of different ages are presented and their management potential discussed. The study was carried out in the Hacienda of Kancabchen, Yucatan, Mexico in 12- and 26-year-old secondary forests. Species richness and diversity were greater as the stand grew older....
In the chinampas of San Andrés Mixquic, Mexico, the farmers allow Chenopodium ambrosioides L. to grow only where there are no crops. Previous studies suggest that this plant interferes with the growth of other plants. Given current concerns over pesticide use, it is important to understand the management and chemical properties of certain plant spe...
The Program, established in 1991 in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, aims to train professionals and scientists to implement sound environmental-management activities in the unique ecosystems of the Yucatan region of Mexico. An important goal of the Program is to establish a masters degree in Management and Conservation of T...
Wetfield agriculture was extensively practised in Mexico in prehispanic times and continues to be an important agricultural method in the Valley of Mexico where it is known as the chinampa farming system. In this paper we discuss the importance of vegetation management in the chinampa agricultural system and what goods and services the flora can pr...
Non-crop plants associated with the crop species offer possibilities for allelopathic weed control. In this study Brassica campestris (wild mustard), which is an important weed in Santa Cruz County, and broccoli, a common crop, were intercropped. The allelopathic potential of both species and the changes in this potential throughout their life cycl...
Mucuna bean (Mucuna pruriens) (MB) has been proposed as a green manure and cover crop in smallholder agricultural systems in the southeastern Mexican state of Yucatan. Its increased adoption could also benefit smallholder farmers through provision of food or feed for their animals. In this on-farm, farmer-managed study, MB was offered as a suppleme...
Typescript. Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 1984. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-109).
