R. Ocete

University of Sevilla (Spain) · Zoología

Increase in soil salinity, driven by climate change, is a widespread constrain for viticulture across several regions, including the Mediterranean basin. The implementation of salt-tolerant varieties is sought after to reduce the negative impact of salinity in grape production. An accession of wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris), nam...

The methods applied for DNA extraction from must and wine samples with monovarietal origin are presented and discussed aiming to prove the quality of extracted DNA and its good properties for further use in molecular tests. In the present research were compared four different DNA extraction methods from must and wine samples obtained from eleven V....

The Iberian Peninsula constitutes the Western limit of the dioecious Eurasian wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris). At present, it is a threatened plant, due to human impacts. This liana has had different uses in this territory from the Paleolithic until the end of the last century, including several medicinal applications, inherite...

Grapevine domestication took place in the Caucasus area known as the Cradle of Viticulture, within or near the geographical area known as the Vavilov Triangle. The phytogenetic resources of Vitis sylvestris C.C.Gmel. have been previously collected and characterized, but the study on micro vinifications of wild grapevines from the Caucasus is new.In...

Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a polyphagous xylophagous beetle that is becoming a pest of increasing importance for vineyards in Spain, also because of the wood fungi developing in the galleries excavated by its larvae, which cause a progressive decline of the affected grapevines, until death. Between 1993 and 2015, a...

Global viticulture has evolved following market trends, causing loss of cultivar diversity and traditional practices. In Montenegro, modern viticulture co-exists with a traditional viticulture that still maintains ancient practices and exploits local cultivars. As a result, this region provides a unique opportunity to explore processes increasing g...

Background and Aims Vitis vinifera seeds from one Medieval and two Roman‐era archaeological sites in Galicia (north‐western Spain) were morphologically compared to seeds of different cultivated varieties (V. vinifera subsp. sativa ) in the same areas and with those of wild grapevines (V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris ) from different parts of Spain an...

El presente trabajo se ha centrado sobre la Cuadrilla de Ayala (Álava), donde se han localizado ocho poblaciones relictas de vid silvestre en diversos hábitats. Se ha comprobado su carácter dioico durante el periodo de floración. Se han identificado las principales especies parásitas existentes sobre estas parras y las principales componentes de su...

A prospecting of habitats and mechanical support host species for the climber Eurasian wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, was carried out on 13 natural populations situated along river bank forests, floodplains and colluvial positions in Georgia (Marneuli, Mtskheta and Gori districts, Gardabani Protected area and Lag...

Eurasian wild grapewine, a threatened phytogenetic resource bound to humanity history. The present article, focused on the Eurasian wild grapevine, the dioecious parental of the present cultivars, shows the ancient uses of this vine in the past and its importance as a plant genetic resource in the genetic improvement of existing varieties and to r...

The Eurasian wild grapevine in La Rioja (Spain) has a great importance as a possible genetic reservoir, and also in terms of the number of individuals, higher than four hundred of them distributed in four populations, and their location in areas with a high burden of human activity. In this work, we present the results obtained in the literature se...

Effects of Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier, 1795) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) infestation on some parameters of grapevine production in Spain. The wood borer Xylotrechus arvicola has recently become a pest of vineyards in most of the productive winegrowing areas of Spain. The activity of its larvae has important consequences on grapevine production. Di...

El presente artículo está enfocado a la necesidad de conseguir en España una figura de protección legal del recurso fitogenético vid silvestre euroasiática, el parental dioico de las variedades de cultivo. Tras señalar los distintos tipos de hábitats que ocupa en la Península Ibérica, se indican las principales características ampelográficas de las...

For decades, human activities have gradually destroyed the natural habitats of wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, and nowadays this species is endangered in southern Europe. In this paper, 94 populations of this species have been localized and characterized in the Andalusian region in the Iberian Peninsula between 19...

The present article is focused on the need to get in Spain a legal figure of legal preservation for the phytogenetic resource Eurasian wild grapevine, the dioecious parental of the cultivated varieties. It shows its different habitats in the Iberian Peninsula. The main ampelographical characteristics of these grapevines and their sanitary status ar...

Background and Aims Wild grapevine, considered the ancestor relative of cultivated vines, has a large gene pool that is currently endangered in Europe. These plants can contribute to improving adaptation capacity to stresses due to climate change. The aim of this study was to evaluate the key ampelographic traits to identify true wild individuals s...

The impact of climate change in the viticulture is affecting the quality of grapes and their wines. As consequence, climatic variations are producing a mismatch between technological and phenolic maturity and are affecting the microbiota's ecology, biodiversity and their metabolism in vineyard, grape, must and wine. However, there are natural resou...

Wild grapevine is becoming a threatened species in the Iberian Peninsula due to human impacts. The aim of this work was to carry out a holistic study for six years of the largest wild grapevine population found up to date in SW Iberian Peninsula. This population has 115 vines. Ampelographic and soil characteristics have been studied. Evaluation of...

Aims: The present paper is focused on wild and feral grapevines from the Ega River gallery forest (Alder grove), one of the most important tributaries of the Ebro River. Since this area was preliminary prospected in 1995, it was our intention to assess the evolution of the ecosystem during this time. Methods and results: Ampelographic description o...

The origin of the Eurasian grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. and the different steps in the development of viticulture from the wild grapevine to the modern varietal situation in the Iberian Peninsula are reviewed here. The ancestors of Vitis vinifera subs. sylvestris, the only representative of the Vitis genus in natural Eurasian and North African ecos...

The implementation of the mating disruption technique against the grape berry moth, Lobesia botrana (Denis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Sherry vineyards (Andalusia, Southwestern Spain) reduced the number of chemical treatments required to manage this serious pest. In order to verify the long te...

En este trabajo se hace una introducción al único taxón euroasiático de vid silvestre, Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris, al proceso de su domesticación y a las causas antrópicas quehan mermado drásticamente las poblaciones de esta subespecie, desde la Península Ibérica hasta Afganistán. Asimismo, se hace referencia al problema de la pérdida de biod...

Aims We evaluate tolerance to soil lime in Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris to explore the physiological mechanisms involved in plant tolerance to calcareous soil conditions. Methods The effects of soil CaCO3 content (0–60 %) on growth, photosynthetic performance and mineral nutrient content were analyzed in Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris from two...

Relic wild grapevine populations (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (C.C.Gmel.) Hegi), were surveyed in Extremadura region (Spain). Twenty-two populations were found along river bank forests in Badajoz and Cáceres provinces. The main ampelographical characteristics and phenology of vines and the incidence of parasites were evaluated. Supporting f...

A prospecting on the sanitary status of the aerial organs and roots of the Eurasian wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, was carried out on 14 natural populations situated along river bank forests, floodplains and colluvial positions in Georgia (Marneuli, Mtskheta and Gori districts, Gardabani Protected area and Lagodekh...

The European wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, is cited as a dioecious relative of cultivated vines, so it can play an important role as phytogenetic resource. There is a lack on the knowledge about the susceptibility of wild grapevine to arbuscu-lar mycorrhizal (AM) association. In consequence, the aim of the present...

p style="text-align: justify;"> Aim : Assessing levels and patterns of population genetic variation in combination with morphological characterization represents an important step for evaluating rare or endangered species and determining appropriate conservation strategies. This is particularly important for ensuring the preservation of valuable ge...

The individuals belonging to three different groups of wild grapevines populations Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi harvested along, or near the Danube River, were described by means of usual ampelographic methods. The twenty standardized descriptors used for morphological analysis revealed obvious differentiation among analyzed popu...

The individuals belonging to three different groups of wild grapevines populations Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi harvested along, or near the Danube River, were described by means of usual ampelographic methods. The twenty standardized descriptors used for morphological analysis revealed obvious differentiation among analyzed popu...

The present study evaluates the tolerance and accumulation potential of Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris under moderate and high external Cu levels. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effects of a range of external Cu concentrations (0-23mmolL(-1)) on growth and photosynthetic performance by measuring gas exchange, chlo...

Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) (Olivier) is a polyphagous borer which attacks different woody species in natural habitats in Spain. This coleop-teran is also becoming a real impacting pest in several Spanish wine producing territories. Infested vines show adult exit holes, rachitic shoots, a higher incidence of wood fungal diseases...

Infiltrative heart diseases are caused by a heterogeneous group of disorders; amyloidosis and sarcoidosis are two frequent causes of myocardial infiltration, which differ in clinical and biological outcome and treatment issues. The presence of high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in a patient with infiltrative heart disease may increa...

This paper shows the results of the investigation on some ecological aspects and on the sanitary status of the wild Euroasiatic native grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi) in Georgia (South Caucasus). This taxon is seriously endangered by human activities such as forest cleaning and setting fires. Moreover, invasive Vitaceae...

A prospection of Andalusian Mediterranean vineyards was carried out in search of the traditional Almufiecar grapevine, used to produce raisins of quality. An ampelographical description and a genetic characterization, using 20 nuclear microsatellite loci, showed that this cultivar constitutes a clone of Muscat of Alexandria. In reference to biotic...

The wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, considered as the ancestor of the cultivated grapevine, is native from Eurasia. In Spain, natural populations of V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris can still be found along river banks. In this work, we have performed a wide search of wild grapevine populations in Spain and characterized...

p style="text-align: justify;"> Aims : The aim of this paper was to locate and describe the wild grapevine as a phytogenetic resource in Western Pyrenees, including Navarre, Aragon (Spain) and the department of Pyrénées atlantiques (France). Methods and results : An ampelographic description of wild grapevine populations was made as well as a study...

El presente artículo denuncia la situación de taxón amenazado de la vid silvestre euroasiática, Vitis vinifera L. subespecie sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, en Europa y la falta de una figura de protección en España. Esta subespecie dioica constituye el parental de las variedades de cultivo. Por otra parte, se recogen algunos aspectos generales de su eco...

A wild grapevine population of 76 vines of Vitis vinifera L. subspecies sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi was found along the Iregua river valley (Northeastern Spain), located in the Ibérica mountain-range. The characterization of this phytogenetic resource was based on an ampelographic description of the male and female individuals and an evaluation of the...

Cet article dénonce la situation en Europe du taxon menacé de la vigne sauvage euro-asiatique, Vitis vinifera L. sous-espèce sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, et le manque en Espagne d’une loi qui le protège. Cette sous-espèce dioïque constitue l’origine des variétés cultivées. Il évoque d’autre part quelques aspects généraux de son écologie, en soulignant...

The polyphagous drywood termite Kalotermes flavicollis (Fabricius) can establish its colonies inside living trees, causing a progressive debilitation that ends with the death of the plant. For this reason, it is considered one of the major pests of Sherry vineyards in Andalusia, SW Spain. To analyze the trends of colonization of this termite, a det...

Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Cer-ambycidae) is a polyphagous species. Its larvae can be found feeding on different wooden cultivars and wild trees. Since 1990, this pest has become an important sanitary problem affecting vineyards in northern and central Spain (2000-2008). A study based on the distri-bution of the number of exit hole...

This is the first study of the contribution of naturally occurring mite colonies on the aroma of fino wines by sensorial and chemical composition analysis. The identification of the mite strain was achieved through microscopic observations and confirmed to be Carpoglyphus lactis (L). The diffusion of compounds produced by C. lactis during adverse e...

This study aimed at elaborating a forecasting tool of the phenology of the serious pest Lobesia botrana in Southwestern Spanish vineyards, by analysing data on male catches in sex pheromone traps recorded over a 12-year period. Our data confirmed the minor importance of the first generation which appears during flowering time, both in terms of male...

A comparative scanning electron microscopy study and biometric analysis of pollen of 14 Spanish Vitis vin-ifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi populations was performed. In all the investigated populations pollen grains show a marked degree of dimorphism. Pollen grains from male flowers are prolate spheroidal and tricolporate in shape, while th...

The relationship between temperature accumulations and pheromone trap captures of the males of Lobesia botrana (Den. & Schiff.) (Lep., Tortricidae) in the Sherry vineyards (SW of Spain) presents a statistically acceptable linear behaviour through conveniently transforming the variables. Data series ranging from 1990 to 1995 were used to compute the...

Some high-value vineyards in Spain are increasingly threatened by a xylophagous insect, Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier), a polyphagous cerambycid that has become a grapevine pest during the last 10 years. Infestations are difficult to detect and control because the larvae excavate large and numerous galleries inside the wood. This study was performe...

Twenty-six populations of Vitis vinifera subsp. silvestris, a wild dioecious relative of cultivated grapevine, were found in the autonomous Basque Region in Spain and the Department of the Pyrénées Atlantiques in France. Of these populations, 76% had less than 10 individuals. Similarly to most European populations of wild grapevines, these were fou...

The Eurasian wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. sub-species sylvestris (Gmelin,) Hegi constitutes a dioecious relative of cultivated grape varieties. It constitutes an important phytogenetic resource, threatened by hu-man activities. The most frequent phytophagous spe-cies on this European wild vine is the erineum strain of Colomerus vitis (Pagenste...

En el presente trabajo se cita la presencia espontánea de Closterocerus chamaeleon Girault, parasitoide específico de Ophelimus maskelli Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), insecto gallicícola considerado como plaga potencial del eucalipto en la provincia de Huelva. This research shows the first report of Closterocerus chamaeleon Girault, a specific...

The distribution of Vitis vinifera subsp. silvestris, the wild grapevine subspecies of Vitis vinifera L., has been dramatically reduced in its major sites of diffusion, at first by the spread, over the last 150years, of pathogens from North America and, more recently, with fragmentation of habitat and disbranching by humans. In this work, 418 wild...

The domestication of the Eurasian grape (Vitis vinifera ssp. sativa) from its wild ancestor (Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris) has long been claimed to have occurred in Transcaucasia where its greatest genetic diversity is found and where very early archaeological evidence, including grape pips and artefacts of a 'wine culture', have been excavated....

En el presente trabajo se estudian los índices referentes a la parasitización en campo de Phoracantha sp por su parasitoide específico Avetianella longoi, así como la dinámica poblacional de la plaga, para evaluar el resultado del programa de lucha biológica que se está llevando a cabo en la provincia de Huelva. Las distintas variables analizadas i...

Grapevine trunks in Sherry vineyards (Andalusia, SW Spain), yielding important registered designation of origin wines, are seriously affected by the drywood termite Kalotermes flavicollis. In order to analyze the patterns and extent of occurrence of the infesting groups, a 16-month-long investigation was performed, during which termites collected f...

  An investigation has been performed on the activity of spurge flax (Daphne gnidium L., Thymelaeaceae), a typical component of the Mediterranean vegetation, on the development of the elm leaf beetle (Xanthogaleruca luteola Muller; Col., Chrysomelidae), one of the most serious defoliators of urban forests. Different concentrations of ethanolic extr...

En el presente artículo modeliza la distribución espacio-temporal en viñedo de las ninfas de Jacobiasca lybica (Bergevin & Zanon)(Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) y se elaboran mapas de infestación de dicha plaga que contribuyen a la aplicación diferenciada de medidas de control dentro de la filosofía de la Agricultura de Precisión. El trabajo de modelizac...

Populations of wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, were discovered in S.W. of the Iberian Peninsula over the last years. Location, ecological aspects, sanitary characteristics, including the ELISA test to detect specific virus attack, are described. In vitro propagation and conservation are also considered. The paper...

Desde principios de la década de 1990, se están registrando aumentos en los niveles de infestación causados por el xilófago Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) en La Rioja y otras zonas vitícolas españolas, de Navarra, Castilla-León y Castilla-La Mancha. En el presente trabajo se han evaluado los efectos de acortamiento del ra...

Se ha realizado una evaluación sobre el nivel de infestación del ácaro de la erinosis, Colomerus vitis (Pagenstecher) (Acari, Eriophyidae) en 60 poblaciones del taxón Vitis vinifera L. subesp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi en Andalucía. Los muestreos se han realizado a nivel de yema de invierno y hojas. Además, se ha efectuado un seguimiento sobre la ev...

: Genetic structure of six Italian and five Spanish populations of wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris) was investigated using nuclear and chloroplast SSR analysis. Results show that the Italian populations are characterised by high genomic diversity within populations, with a peak of heterozygosity (Ho = 0.7637) for a population collect...

Kalotermes flavicollis is a serious pest in southern Spanish vineyards. The development of this termite is hidden inside galleries excavated along the wood of the vines. Dispersion is by the sexual adults, which emerge in autumn between September and November. These winged individuals constitute the main target to control the pest in integrated pro...

En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados de los ensayos con un aceite parafínico y un polisulfuro de calcio, en el control de dos pulgones del manzano, Eriosomalanigerum Hausm (Homóptera, Aphididae)y Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera, Aphididae), en una parcela de agricultura ecológica situada en La Rioja (España). Ambos productos exhiben un b...

Four-armed airflow olfactometer was used to determining the foraging behavior ofPteroptrix longgiclava (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) andEncarsia gigas (Tshumakova) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) to the essential oils which emitted from the healthy bark ofPopulus pseudo-simonii×P. nigra, the infested bark injured byQuadraspidiotus gigas (Thiem &...

Infestation caused by Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) is becoming a new sanitary problem in some Spanish vine-producing areas. Symptoms caused by the pest, the identification of 7 associ-ated wood fungal species living in galleries excavated by larvae, some data about the evolution of the infestation dur-ing 8 years in the...

Las prospecciones llevadas a cabo en viñedos pertenecientes a los municipios de Aceuchal, Fuente del Maeste y Villalba de los Barros, en la comarca pacense de Tierra de Barros, han puesto de manifiesto que Reticulitermes lucifugus (Rossi) (Isoptera, Rhi-notermitidae) causa daños en los tutores de madera de las plantaciones nuevas y afecta al prendi...

Six kinds of extracts drawn fromAjuga multiflora andA. multiflora var.brevispicata and A. multiflora var.serotina using methanol and acetone were used in this experiment to test their killing activity to the second instar larvae ofHyphantria cunea and their influence on its natural enemies. The average death rate caused by those extracts on the sec...

Se han ensayado dos extractos en bruto de D. gnidium L. (Thymelaeacea e) y Anagyris foetida L. (Papilionacea e) sobre Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleóptera, Chrysomelidae) y Aphis fabae Scop. (Homoptera, Aphididae), a nivel de pequeña parcela de patata y remolacha, respectivamente. En ambos casos, los resultados obtenidos indican que existe una...

Se ha realizado una evaluación de la indicencia de la infestación causada por Kalotermes flavicollis (Fabricius) (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae) en tres especies arbóreas ornamentales de la ciudad de Sevilla, como son el plátano de sombra, Platanus hybrida Brot. (Platanaceae); el ciruelo japonés, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. variedad pisardii Carrière (Rosac...

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Tephritidae), constitutes one of the most important pests on fruit trees in Andalucía (Southern Spain). In the province of Granada coast, a new industry to extract pulp of fruits of Anona cherimola Miller (Anonnaceae) to make several kinds of lacteous preparations is actually dev...