Urszula Kukier's research while affiliated with Virginia Tech (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and other places
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Publications (20)
Ni contaminated soils may be Ni phytotoxic depending on soil and plant properties. Little research on environmental Ni was specifically focused on persistent remediation of Ni phytotoxic soils. Successful revegetation at Sudbury provided an example of what could be achieved. But more knowledge was needed to determine the range of remediation techno...
Agronomic use of biosolids has raised concern that plant availability of biosolids-Cd will increase with time after cessation of biosolids application. It has been demonstrated that chemical extractability of Cd is persistently decreased in biosolids-amended soils. This study was conducted to determine if Cd phytoavailability in long-term biosolids...
Historic emissions from a Ni refinery at Port Colborne, Ontario, caused Ni contamination of regional soils and raised concerns
about potential Ni phytotoxicity. Previous tests revealed that if these soils were made alkaline and fertilized with Mn and
other common nutrients as needed to maintain fertility of such alkaline soils, full remediation (pr...
Coal combustion in traditional powder-fed boilers produces two types of residues: (1) fly ash, which is a fine fraction dispersed in the flue gas and (2) bottom ash collected in the boiler. Fly ash is separated from flue gas by electrostatic precipitators or a variety of mechanical methods. Large emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) from coal combusti...
Acidic nickel (Ni)-contaminated soils in the vicinity of a Ni refinery at Port Colborne (Ontario, Canada) cause Ni phytotoxicity and require remediation. Thus, a greenhouse test with 11 plant species with a wide range of susceptibility to Ni toxicity was conducted to determine if Ni phytotoxicity of all species could be ameliorated by a high rate o...
Nickel phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plants offers a potential for profit while decontaminating soils. Although soil pH is considered a key factor in metal uptake by crops, little is known about soil pH effects on metal uptake by hyperaccumulator plants. Two Ni and Co hyperaccumulators, Alyssum murale and A. corsicum, were grown in Quarry...
Nickel phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plants offers a potential for profit while decontaminating soils. Although soil pH is considered a key factor in metal uptake by crops, little is known about soil pH effects on metal uptake by hyperaccumulator plants. Two Ni and Co hyperaccumulators, Alyssum murale and A. corsicum, were grown in Quarry...
Magnetic and non-magnetic fractions of coal fly ashes from SE US electric power plants were characterized with special emphasis on the potential environmental consequences of their terrestrial disposal. Quartz and mullite were the crystalline minerals dominating the non-magnetic fractions. Magnetic fractions contained magnetite, hematite, and, to a...
Two solution studies were conducted a) to investigate the uptake of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) by rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) and interaction between these elements, and b) to determine experimental conditions for growing rice grain with desired Cd concentration for an animal feeding study. In both studies, free metal activities of cadmium and ca...
In situ remediation (phytostabilization) is a cost-effective solution for restoring the productivity of metal-contaminated soils and protection of food chains. A pot experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and redbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) was conducted to test the ability of limestone and hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) to ame...
The flue gas desulfurization process employing forced oxidation technology generates an almost pure gypsum (FGD), which may substitute for mined gypsum used as a soil amendment in the southeastern United States. Under specific conditions, a mixture of FGD and fly ash (FA) may be produced by an electric power plant. A field experiment was conducted...
Remediation of excessive soil metals in situ is receiving new attention because the alternative, soil removal and replacement, is very expensive, requires disposal of the removed soil and may achieve no better environmental remediation than the in situ treatments. A factorial pot experiment was conducted with two muck soils contaminated by a Ni ref...
Arsenic (As) is the biggest environment contaminant in most of the soils where fly ash is applied. Usually, it is not mobile and strongly adsorbed on to soil particles. However, in gypsum and phosphorus amended soils As may be much more mobile. A study in repacked columns was conducted to determine whether or not As becomes mobile when Ca(H2PO4)2an...
Large amounts of flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FDG) are now available for use as a soil amendment. The efficacy of this material as an acid subsoil amendment was investigated at various rates and in combination with fly ash as a potential contaminant. Flue gas desulfurization gypsum and fly ash-FDG mixtures were applied at rates of 5, 10 and 20...
Agronomic use of coal combustion by-products is often associated with boron (B) excess in amended soils and subsequently in plants. A greenhouse study with corn (Zea mays L.) as test plant was conducted to determine safe application rates of five fly ashes and one flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FDG). All by-products increased soil and corn tissue...
The increasing costs of disposing of fly ash create an urgent need to find potential uses, one of which is land application to improve physical or chemical properties of soils. Because fly ash contains considerable amounts of B, which is often deficient in Southeastern soils, B release from fly ash and its uptake by corn (Zea mays L.) were investig...
Commonly used methods of arsenic (As) determination in plant material require dissolution of tissue in strong acids prior to analysis. Progress in the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) technique has made the determination of metals in solid samples possible. This study was undertaken to evaluate the possibility of As determina...
Although the compulsive method for measuring the cation exchange properties of soils is being widely accepted particularly for highly weathered soils, part of the procedure is rather tedious involving the addition of water in a stepwise fashion to attain the specific conductance of a standard ionic strength which approximates that of many soil solu...
Citations
... As they conducted research on Ni phytomining, they contacted potential sources of funding to develop Ni phytomining technology. Separate work with INCO, Ltd., Ontario, Canada, had addressed risk assessment for soil Ni phytotoxicity and methods to alleviate the toxicity (reported in Kukier and Chaney 2000Siebielec et al. 2007;Chaney et al. 2003). Angle and Chaney visited several Ni industry firms to present our developing Ni phytomining technology and seek funding. ...
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... Malik et al. (2000) reported Co and Co-60 phytoextraction from mineralized or contaminated soils by using Alyssum species. Nickel (Ni) is also hyperaccumulated by the Alyssum species and Chaney et al. (1999) probably first reported Ni extraction using these species from contaminated soils. They reported an approximate accumulation of 400 kg Ni/hectare. ...
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... However, the silty soil, as a relatively rich medium, will support the seedlings' growth, for a certain time, better than the sandy soil but less vigour than the compost-amended media. Even though, at long term, the compost will continue to release nutrients (Alexander, 2001;Chaney et al. 2001;He et al. 2001;Sikora and Szmidt 2001) when their stocks in the silty soil would have been depleted or used up by the seedlings. ...
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... When soils are highly contaminated with Ni one may need to make the soil pH even higher or to increase the Ni adsorption and occlusion capacity of the soil. Making the soil calcareous may be required to alleviate Ni phytotoxicity of highly contaminated soils (Kukier and Chaney, 2000;, in which case dolomitic limestone should be used to avoid future Mg deficiency if only calcitic limestone were applied. In the case of the muck farm downwind of the Ni-refinery at Port Colborne, Ni phytotoxicity was observed in many vegetable crops being grown commercially. ...
... the pore fluid under a depositional environment (Chang, 2022). Similarly, anhydrite can be formed from calcite minerals after undergoing thermal alteration (Kukier and Sumner, 2004). In this study, microbial treatment of the carbonates resulted in precipitation of rich anhydrite minerals (33% mineral composition) that were non-existent in the untreated sample which was deficient in anhydrite minerals. ...
... Naturally, Co occurs as cobaltite [CoAsS], smaltite [CoAs 2 ], and erythrite [Co 3 (AsO 4 ) 2 ] in the earth's crust, and plants accumulate a small fraction of Co from the earth. The uptake and translocation of Co are largely species-dependent and affected by various factors (Bakkaus et al., 2005;Kukier et al., 2004;Li et al., 2004). With the rapid pace of urbanization and subsequent industrialization, the production of Co industries is increasing (Savinova et al., 2023;Sree et al., 2015). ...
... The uptake and translocation of essential elements in plants were restricted under cadmium stress Hussain et al., (2019), Kukier and Chaney, (2002); Rizwan et al., (2016a); Murtaza et al., (2017). Excess of cadmium gradually decreased zinc contents in numerous plant species which may cause Zn deficiency in plants Mohammad and Moheman, (2010); Murtaza et al., (2017). ...
... Soil texture analysis was performed according to Bouyoucos method [27]. Cation Exchange Capacity was determined according to Ammonium Acetate Method [28]. The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), which describes the level of adsorbed Na in soil, was calculated by the following equation: ESP = (exchangeable Na/Cation Exchange Capacity) × 100. ...
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... If FA can be recycled as water holding agent after necessary treatment for environmental safety, it will contribute into anti-desertification and FA management at the same time. Many works on FA amending to soil have been conducted to investigate the effect on plant growth [15][16][17][18], soil pH [19][20][21], soil toxic elements [19,[22][23][24][25], soil salinity [20,[25][26], soil fertility [27][28][29][30], and water holding capacity (WHC) [31][32][33][34][35][36]. FA amendment increases soil WHC as well as inorganic or organic amendments with FA [37][38][39][40][41]. ...
... After cooling the digested sample, 10 mL of diluted HCl (1:1) was added and the sample was diluted to 100 mL with distilled water. Analytical conditions for As determination in digests taken from (Kukier et al. 1994). ...
