Nicole G. Czakon's research while affiliated with Academia Sinica and other places
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Publications (37)
Extensive surveys with the Hubble Space Telescope over the past decade, targeting some of the most massive clusters in the sky, have uncovered dozens of galaxy cluster strong lenses. The massive cluster strong-lens scale is typically θ E ∼ 10″ to ∼30″–35″, with only a handful of clusters known with Einstein radii θ E ∼ 40″ or above (for z source =...
Extensive surveys with the \textit{Hubble Space Telescope} (HST) over the past decade, targeting some of most massive clusters in the sky, have uncovered dozens of galaxy-cluster strong lenses. The massive cluster strong-lens scale is typically $\theta_{E}\sim10"$ to $\sim30-35"$, with only a handful of clusters known with Einstein radii $\theta_{E...
Large surveys of galaxy clusters with the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) and Spitzer , including the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble and the Frontier Fields, have demonstrated the power of strong gravitational lensing to efficiently deliver large samples of high-redshift galaxies. We extend this strategy through a wider, shallower...
Strong gravitational lensing (SL) is a powerful means of mapping the distribution of dark matter. In this work, we perform an SL analysis of the prominent X-ray cluster RXJ0152.7-1357 (z = 0.83, also known as CL0152.7-1357) in Hubble Space Telescope images, taken in the framework of the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS). On top of a prev...
Strong gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies probes the mass distribution at the core of each cluster and magnifies the universe behind it. MACS J0417.5-1154 at z = 0.443 is one of the most massive clusters known based on weak lensing, X-ray, and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich analyses. Here we compute a strong lens model of MACS J0417 based on Hubble...
Large surveys of galaxy clusters with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes, including CLASH and the Frontier Fields, have demonstrated the power of strong gravitational lensing to efficiently deliver large samples of high-redshift galaxies. We extend this strategy through a wider, shallower survey named RELICS, the Reionization Lensing Cluster S...
Strong gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies probes the mass distribution at the core of each cluster and magnifies the universe behind it. MACS J0417.5-1154 at z = 0:443 is one of the most massive clusters known, based on weak lensing, X-ray, and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich analyses. Here we compute a strong lens model of MACSJ0417 based on Hubble...
Strong gravitational lensing (SL) is a powerful means to map the distribution of dark matter. In this work, we perform a SL analysis of the prominent X-ray cluster RXJ0152.7-1357 (z=0.83, also known as CL 0152.7-1357) in \textit{Hubble Space Telescope} images, taken in the framework of the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS). On top of a p...
We present a lens model for the cluster SPT-CLJ0615-5746, which is the highest-redshift (z = 0.972) system in the Reionization of Lensing Clusters Survey, making it the highest-redshift cluster for which a full, strong lens model is published. We identify three systems of multiply imaged lensed galaxies, two of which we spectroscopically confirm at...
We present a lens model for the cluster SPT-CLJ0615$-$5746, which is the highest redshift ($z=0.972$) system in the Reionization of Lensing Clusters Survey (RELICS), making it the highest redshift cluster for which a full strong lens model is published. We identify three systems of multiply-imaged lensed galaxies, two of which we spectroscopically...
We present a strong-lensing analysis of four massive galaxy clusters imaged with the Hubble Space Telescope in the framework of the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS). We use a Light-Traces-Mass modeling technique to uncover sets of multiply imaged galaxies, and constrain the mass distribution and strong-lensing properties of the clusters...
Strong gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters has become a powerful tool for probing the high-redshift Universe, magnifying distant and faint background galaxies. Reliable strong lensing (SL) models are crucial for determining the intrinsic properties of distant, magnified sources and for constructing their luminosity function. We present here th...
We present and characterize the catalog of galaxy shape measurements that will be used for cosmological weak lensing measurements in the Wide layer of the first year of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. The catalog covers an area of 136.9 deg2 split into six fields, with a mean i-band seeing of 0.58 and 5σ point-source depth of i ∼ 26. Given cons...
Strong gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters magnifies background galaxies, enhancing our ability to discover statistically-significant samples of galaxies at z>6, in order to constrain the high-redshift galaxy luminosity functions. Here, we present the first five lens models out of the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS) Hubble Treasur...
We present and characterize the catalog of galaxy shape measurements that will be used for cosmological weak lensing measurements in the Wide layer of the first year of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. The catalog covers an area of 136.9 deg$^2$ split into six fields, with a mean $i$-band seeing of 0.58 arcsec and $5\sigma$ point-source depth of...
We present accurate photometric redshifts for galaxies observed by the Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH). CLASH observed 25 massive galaxy cluster cores with the Hubble Space Telescope in 16 filters spanning 0.2 - 1.7 $\mu$m. Photometry in such crowded fields is challenging. Compared to our previously released catalogs, we ma...
We present the procedure to build and validate the bright-star masks for the Hyper-Suprime-Cam Strategic Subaru Proposal (HSC-SSP) survey. To identify and mask the saturated stars in the full HSC-SSP footprint, we rely on the Gaia and Tycho-2 star catalogues. We first assemble a pure star catalogue down to $G_{\rm Gaia} < 18$ after removing $\sim1....
We present pressure profiles of galaxy clusters determined from high-resolution SunyaevZeldovich (SZ) effect observations of 14 clusters, which span the redshift range of 0.25 < z < 0.89. The procedure simultaneously fits spherical cluster models to MUSTANG and Bolocam data. In this analysis, we adopt the generalized NFW parameterization of pressur...
We present a joint analysis of Chandra X-ray observations, Bolocam thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect observations, Hubble Space Telescope (HST) strong lensing data, and HST and Subaru Suprime-Cam weak lensing data. The multiwavelength dataset is used to constrain parametric models for the distribution of dark and baryonic matter in a sample of...
We present pressure profiles of galaxy clusters determined from high resolution Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect observations of fourteen clusters, which span the redshift range $ 0.25 < z < 0.89$. The procedure simultaneously fits spherical cluster models to MUSTANG and Bolocam data. In this analysis, we adopt the generalized NFW parameterization of...
Morphology is often used to infer the state of relaxation of galaxy clusters.
The regularity, symmetry, and degree to which a cluster is centrally
concentrated inform quantitative measures of cluster morphology. The Cluster
Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble Space Telescope (CLASH) used weak and
strong lensing to measure the distribution of m...
We present Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect measurements from wide-field images towards the galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 obtained from the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory with the Multiwavelength Submillimeter Inductance Camera (MUSIC) at 147, 213, 281, and 337 GHz and with Bolocam at 140 GHz. As part of our analysis, we have used higher frequenc...
We present high resolution (9$^{\prime \prime}$) imaging of the
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect (SZE) toward two massive galaxy clusters, MACS
J0647.7+7015 ($z=0.591$) and MACS J1206.2-0847 ($z=0.439$). We compare these 90
GHz measurements, taken with the MUSTANG receiver on the Green Bank Telescope,
with generalized Navarro-Frenk-White (gNFW) models der...
We present a technique to constrain galaxy cluster pressure profiles by
jointly fitting Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) data obtained with MUSTANG and
Bolocam for the clusters Abell 1835 and MACS0647. Bolocam and MUSTANG probe
different angular scales and are thus highly complementary. We find that the
addition of the high resolution MUSTANG data c...
We present profiles of temperature, gas mass, and hydrostatic mass estimated
from X-ray observations of CLASH clusters. We compare measurements from XMM and
Chandra and compare both sets to CLASH gravitational lensing mass profiles. We
find that Chandra and XMM measurements of electron density and enclosed gas
mass as functions of radius are nearly...
We present the results of a numerical study based on the analysis of the
MUSIC-2 simulations, aimed at estimating the expected concentration-mass
relation for the CLASH cluster sample. We study nearly 1400 halos simulated at
high spatial and mass resolution, which were projected along many
lines-of-sight each. We study the shape of both their densi...
We present a joint shear-and-magnification weak-lensing analysis of a sample
of 16 X-ray-regular and 4 high-magnification galaxy clusters at 0.19<z<0.69
selected from the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH). Our
analysis uses wide-field multi-color imaging, taken primarily with Suprime-Cam
on the Subaru Telescope. From a stacke...
We present a new determination of the concentration-mass relation for galaxy
clusters based on our comprehensive lensing analysis of 19 X-ray selected
galaxy clusters from the Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble
(CLASH). Our sample spans a redshift range between 0.19 and 0.89. We combine
weak lensing constraints from the Hubble Space T...
The CLASH observing program has produced a unique data set which allows
the accurate calibration of a large set of galaxy cluster masses. The
cosmological and astrophysical implications of these measurements extend
far beyond HST-only science. To capitalize on the astronomy
community’s interest in the CLASH data products, our collaboration
has asse...
The galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 (z = 0.55) is the largest known cosmic lens, with complex internal structures seen in deep X-ray, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, and dynamical observations. We perform a combined weak- and strong-lensing analysis with wide-field BVR_ci'z' Subaru/Suprime-Cam observations and 16-band Hubble Space Telescope observation...
The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (SZ) effect spectrum crosses through a null where ∆T CMB = 0 near ν 0 = 217 GHz. In a cluster of galaxies, ν 0 can be shifted from the canonical thermal SZ effect value by corrections to the SZ effect scattering due to the properties of the inter-cluster medium. We have measured the SZ effect in the hot galaxy cluster RX J 13...
We derive an accurate mass distribution of the galaxy cluster MACS J1206.2-0847 (z = 0.439) from a combined weak-lensing distortion, magnification, and strong-lensing analysis of wide-field Subaru BVR_c I_cz' imaging and our recent 16-band Hubble Space Telescope observations taken as part of the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble prog...
The properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) at large radii are not
completely known. Characterizing these regions will provide a better
understanding of cluster physics, and therefore tighter constraints on
cosmological parameters. The Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect - the
inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons with higher energy electrons
in...
We present the results of the latest multicolor Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID) focal plane arrays in the submillimeter. The new detectors on the arrays are superconducting resonators which combine a coplanar waveguide section with an interdigitated capacitor, or IDC. To avoid out-of-band pickup by the capacitor, a stepped-impedance fi...
MUSIC (the Multiwavelength Submillimeter kinetic Inductance Camera) is an instrument being developed for the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory by Caltech, JPL, the University of Colorado, and UCSB. MUSIC uses microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) - superconducting micro-resonators - as photon detectors. The readout is almost entirely at ro...
We will present the design and implementation, along with calculations and some measurements of the performance, of the room-temperature and cryogenic optics for MUSIC, a new (sub)millimeter camera we are developing for the Caltech Submm Observatory (CSO). The design consists of two focusing elements in addition to the CSO primary and secondary mir...
Citations
... These maps were provided by the RELICS team and are made available for public use on MAST. 4 Because some RELICS clusters lack sufficient constraints to create a lens model, MNRAS 516, 2162-2170 (2022) nine of the RELICS clusters (A1300, A520, A665, PLCKG004-19, PLCKG138-10, PLCKG308-20, RXC1514-15, SPT0254-58, WHL0137-8) have no publicly available models, and thus any sources lensed by these clusters are discarded for the lack of reliable magnification measurements. For further information regarding these lens models, see Cerny et al. ( 2018 ), Acebron et al. ( 2018Acebron et al. ( , 2019Acebron et al. ( , 2020, Cibirka et al. ( 2018 ), Paterno-Mahler et al. ( 2018 ), Matthee et al. ( 2019 ), and Okabe et al. ( 2020 ). It is important to note that size measurements in the presence of lensing can be reco v ered robustly given an appropriate lens model, as shown by e.g. ...
... We also analyse how the critical HU redshift (i.e., redshift at which HU gets critical) varies in the presence of a second cluster scale lens component, leading us to discover a population of double-component lenses with large cross-sections for image formation near HUs. We also observe similar behaviour in a subset of cluster lenses in the reionization lensing cluster survey (RELICS; Coe et al. 2019). Finally, as pointed out in Meena & Bagla (2022), the relative time-delays between image pairs in HU image formation are an order of magnitude smaller than generic image formations in cluster lenses, we study the time delay distribution in observed HU image formations. ...
... In this work, we perform a multiwavelength study of the ICL fraction in two higher-redshift clusters observed by the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS; Coe et al. 2019): ACT-CLJ0102-49151 at z = 0.870 and CL J0152.7-1357 at z = 0.833 (ACT0102 and CL0152, hereafter, respectively). Both of them are well-known merging clusters (Menanteau et al. 2012;Acebron et al. 2019), so we will investigate whether the merging signature imprinted in the ICL fractions of z < 0.6 clusters is still present at z ∼ 0.8. This paper is organized as follows. ...
... Our lens model is built using Lenstool (Kneib 1993 ;Jullo et al. 2007 ). The model leverages the multiple-image constraints from Mahler et al. ( 2019 ) and Jauzac et al. ( 2019 ), as well as new multiple image systems and redshifts we obtained from the CANUCS-JWST data. The model includes cluster-size-and galaxysize haloes described as double Pseudo-Isothermal Elliptical profiles ). ...
... In the right-hand panel of Fig. 11 , we show the SPT-CLJ0615-5746 ( z = 0.972) galaxy cluster with a source at redshift z = 1.358 (e.g. Paterno-Mahler et al. 2018 ) leading to HU-like image formation. We mark the images with green ellipses and red curves are critical curves for a source at redshift 1.358. ...
... These maps were provided by the RELICS team and are made available for public use on MAST. 4 Because some RELICS clusters lack sufficient constraints to create a lens model, MNRAS 516, 2162-2170 (2022) nine of the RELICS clusters (A1300, A520, A665, PLCKG004-19, PLCKG138-10, PLCKG308-20, RXC1514-15, SPT0254-58, WHL0137-8) have no publicly available models, and thus any sources lensed by these clusters are discarded for the lack of reliable magnification measurements. For further information regarding these lens models, see Cerny et al. ( 2018 ), Acebron et al. ( 2018Acebron et al. ( , 2019Acebron et al. ( , 2020, Cibirka et al. ( 2018 ), Paterno-Mahler et al. ( 2018 ), Matthee et al. ( 2019 ), and Okabe et al. ( 2020 ). It is important to note that size measurements in the presence of lensing can be reco v ered robustly given an appropriate lens model, as shown by e.g. ...
... Here, we report an observation of a strongly lensed ∼L * star-forming galaxy: MACS0308-zD1 at z ∼ 6.2. We clearly detect a [C II] 158 μm emission line and measure the spectroscopic redshift of MACS0308-zD1 for the first time (Acebron et al. 2018;Salmon et al. 2020;. Making use of high-resolution, high-sensitivity ALMA observations, we also study the velocity structure and morphology of the [C II] emission. ...
... The HSC first-year shear catalogue (Mandelbaum et al. 2018a ) (hereafter HSC Y1 ) is based on observations taken from 2014 March to 2016 April using the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam in five broadbands, grizy . The HSC Y1 is defined with conserv ati ve cuts to select galaxies with secure shape measurements, S / N ≥ 10 and i < 24.5, resulting in a sample co v ering 136.9 de g 2 of the sk y in six disjoint patches: XMM , GAMA09H , WIDE12H , GAMA15H , VVDS , and HECTOMAP . ...
... In addition to JWST NIRCam data of the SMACS 0723 cluster, the MACS 0416 cluster, the NEP TDF, and the IDF, we also use public Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data of SMACS 0723 from the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS) program (GO 14096, PI: D. Coe). RELICS provides HST images and catalogs, of which we use the combined Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and Wide Field Camera 3/Infrared (IR) catalog (Cerny et al. 2018;Salmon et al. 2020), with magnitudes in the F435W, F606W, F814W, F105W, F125W, F140W, and F160W filters. These observations have 5σ point source AB magnitude limits between 26.0 and 27.6 mag (Coe et al. 2019), and provide useful information at optical wavelengths for objects detected in the JWST data. ...
... [61][62][63][64][65] and galaxy weak lensing [e.g. [66][67][68][69][70] have been achieved recently, and are now advancing to become a major tool for precision cosmology. ...