January 2023
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7 Reads
SSRN Electronic Journal
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January 2023
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7 Reads
SSRN Electronic Journal
January 2022
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5 Reads
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1 Citation
SSRN Electronic Journal
November 2019
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31 Reads
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1 Citation
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
Images of half-dressed women are ubiquitous in advertising and popular culture. Yet little is known about the potential impacts of such images on economic decision making. We randomize 648 participants of both genders to advertising images including either women in bikini or underwear, fully dressed women, or no women, and examine the effects on risk taking, willingness to compete and math performance in a lab experiment. We find no treatment effects on any outcome measure for women. For men, our results indicate that men take more risk after having been exposed to images of half-dressed women compared to no women.
August 2018
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1,287 Reads
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618 Citations
Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science
Twenty-nine teams involving 61 analysts used the same data set to address the same research question: whether soccer referees are more likely to give red cards to dark-skin-toned players than to light-skin-toned players. Analytic approaches varied widely across the teams, and the estimated effect sizes ranged from 0.89 to 2.93 (Mdn = 1.31) in odds-ratio units. Twenty teams (69%) found a statistically significant positive effect, and 9 teams (31%) did not observe a significant relationship. Overall, the 29 different analyses used 21 unique combinations of covariates. Neither analysts’ prior beliefs about the effect of interest nor their level of expertise readily explained the variation in the outcomes of the analyses. Peer ratings of the quality of the analyses also did not account for the variability. These findings suggest that significant variation in the results of analyses of complex data may be difficult to avoid, even by experts with honest intentions. Crowdsourcing data analysis, a strategy in which numerous research teams are recruited to simultaneously investigate the same research question, makes transparent how defensible, yet subjective, analytic choices influence research results.
January 2018
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128 Reads
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1 Citation
SSRN Electronic Journal
May 2017
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58 Reads
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37 Citations
The Economic Journal
I use data from the Olympic sport of dressage to explore in-group biases among judges. Dressage – the only international sport with subjective performance evaluations in which men and women compete as equals – provides a rare opportunity to identify multiple in-group biases in the same naturally occurring setting. While, on average, judges are not biased in favour of either gender, they exhibit substantial biases in favour of (i) athletes of their own nationality, and (ii) athletes of the same nationality as the other judges in the competition. Heterogeneity across competitions suggests that biases increase as group identity becomes more salient. (JEL J15, J16, J71, L83) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
April 2017
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7,773 Reads
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16 Citations
Twenty-nine teams involving 61 analysts used the same dataset to address the same research question: whether soccer referees are more likely to give red cards to dark skin toned players than light skin toned players. Analytic approaches varied widely across teams, and estimated effect sizes ranged from 0.89 to 2.93 in odds ratio units, with a median of 1.31. Twenty teams (69%) found a statistically significant positive effect and nine teams (31%) observed a non-significant relationship. Overall 29 different analyses used 21 unique combinations of covariates. We found that neither analysts' prior beliefs about the effect, nor their level of expertise, nor peer-reviewed quality of analysis readily explained variation in analysis outcomes. This suggests that significant variation in analysis of complex data may be difficult to avoid, even by experts with honest intentions. Crowdsourcing data analysis, a strategy by which numerous research teams are recruited to simultaneously investigate the same research question, makes transparent how defensible, yet subjective analytic choices influence research results. Currently available at: https://psyarxiv.com/qkwst/
April 2017
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207 Reads
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4 Citations
Twenty-nine teams involving 61 analysts used the same dataset to address the same research question: whether soccer referees are more likely to give red cards to dark skin toned players than light skin toned players. Analytic approaches varied widely across teams, and estimated effect sizes ranged from 0.89 to 2.93 in odds ratio units, with a median of 1.31. Twenty teams (69%) found a statistically significant positive effect and nine teams (31%) observed a non-significant relationship. Overall 29 different analyses used 21 unique combinations of covariates. We found that neither analysts' prior beliefs about the effect, nor their level of expertise, nor peer-reviewed quality of analysis readily explained variation in analysis outcomes. This suggests that significant variation in analysis of complex data may be difficult to avoid, even by experts with honest intentions. Crowdsourcing data analysis, a strategy by which numerous research teams are recruited to simultaneously investigate the same research question, makes transparent how defensible, yet subjective analytic choices influence research results. Currently available at: https://psyarxiv.com/qkwst/
March 2017
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1 Read
March 2017
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1 Read
... The key idea is for labs to apply their established processing pipelines to the identical data set to answer the same question. Similar undertakings, though outside the scope of pupillometry, have resulted in somewhat heterogeneous analyses strategies with in part conflicting conclusions (Silberzahn et al., 2018). ...
Reference:
Pupillometry in Developmental Psychology
August 2018
Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science
... The choices that researchers make when processing and analysing their data can have a major impact on the results of their analyses (Simmons et al., 2011) and there often are multiple ways to answer a given research question (Silberzahn et al., 2017). To address this data-analytical flexibility, a multiverse approach has been proposed in different academic fields. ...
April 2017
... d = 0.28). This effect size is similar to a recent large-sampled study on risk taking using the preregistration format (Bonnier, Dreber, Hederos Eriksson, & Sandberg, 2018), where men exposed to ads with half-naked (vs. no) women were marginally more risk taking in the financial domain (d = 0.26). ...
January 2018
SSRN Electronic Journal
... Datasets. We experiment with several datasets, including the CelebFaces Attributes (CelebA) dataset [31], a dataset of images of soccer players [32], and the Quick, Draw! dataset of hand-drawn sketches. 1 In CelebA, we treat the attractiveness attribute as the allocative outcome variable. ...
Reference:
Fairness GAN
April 2017
... They revealed Olympic judges in the team competition for women's gymnastics overscored gymnasts from their own country and underscored gymnasts who were from countries that were competitive with their own native country. Sandberg (2017) focused her referee bias research on points of comparison between women and men in the Olympic sport of dressage. She reported no evidence of bias for either gender, but did report that judges favored athletes who were of the same nationality as the panel judges. ...
May 2017
The Economic Journal
... In the case of donation, a small donation as default results in lower donation amounts which is defined as a "scale-back" effect, along with a "lower-bar" effect that more people donating when the small amount is defaulted (Goswami and Urminsky, 2016). Similarly, Gartner et al. (2017) find that subjects are more prone to choose the selfish option when it is presented as the default. ...
March 2017
... They find that at the extensive margins both factors matter, and that both parents contribute equally to these channels, but at the intensive margins post-birth factors dominate. The importance of parental criminal behavior and family structure in explaining sibling crime correlation is confirmed also for the USA (Eriksson et al. 2016), for which these factors are more important than parental income and education, or neighborhood characteristics. Recently, Dragone et al. (2021) explore also the relationship between high school dropout and pupils' adult crime by accounting for the role of the intergenerational transmission of crime. ...
September 2015
Journal of Population Economics
... Given the prominence of negotiation in the legal field, the negotiation process should be as smooth as possible. Nonetheless, gender seems to influence negotiation outcomes; for instance, the gender of the negotiation counterpart was observed to lead to differentiating negotiating outcomes [31]. Unfortunately, it has also been noted that women tend to perform better in same-sex negotiation compared to opposite-sex negotiation while no significant differences were observed for men, pointing to the detrimental effect of gender in negotiation [32]. ...
October 2012
Negotiation Journal