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  • Lixia Luo added an answer in Molten Salts:
    9
    What is the main factors of influence on standard rate constant obtained by Cyclic Voltammetry in LiCl-KCl melt?

    Hello everyone, I calculated the standard rate constant of Tb3+ at the liquid Zn electrode in LICl-KCl melt by CV. The result is about ~10-4 cms-1. I found some standard rate constants on the inert electrode in various molten salt, which these values are calculated to be 10-2 ~ 10-3 cms-1. And it makes me wonder that this parameter at liquid Zn electrode is smaller than that on the inert electrode. Is this normal? What is the real reason for the  case? Thanks!

    Lixia Luo

    @George Zheng Chen, Thanks a lot. I have edited my question again.

  • Pedro M. Alcolado added an answer in MAXENT:
    4
    Results influenced by number of samples?

    Dear all,

    I finished my analyses and those are my results (picture). As you can see, I have basicly two groups, blue and yellow. Blue group contains less number of samples and it looks like it's more influenced by factors  6/13. Second group contains at least 23 samples and it's more influenced by combination of factors 2/6/7/18. Could this be because of number of samples?

    (All species are from one genus.)

    I really don't know what to think, so if someone could help, I will be glad.

    Pedro M. Alcolado

    In your question you do not mention what you sampled. Anyway these diferences maybe were due to a very patchy or uneven environment sampled, for which would be necessary an stratified sampling or otherwise to take more samples if stratification is not possible in practice..

  • Zoubair Boulahia added an answer in Education Research:
    1
    Does anybody has the softcopy of the book 'Grey Data Analysis Methods, Models and Applications?

    Dear all,

    I am searching the soft copy of the book 'Grey Data Analysis
    Methods, Models and Applications' http://www.springer.com/la/book/9789811018404 for one of my students for educational and research purpose only.

    It would be appreciated if you provide me this book. I can be reached at syed.mithun@gmail.com.

    Regards,

    Dr. Syed Mithun Ali.

    Zoubair Boulahia

    Search at this link. Good luck.

  • Tulika Tyagi asked a question in B Cells:
    New
    Can anyone suggest a good method for determining quality of EL4B5 feeder cell for B cell culture?

    I am looking for different methods that can be used to determine the "quality" of EL4B5 cells for B cell culture. We are already considering CD40L expression by FACS as one of the ways. Aim is to perform a sort of quality control of the cells. Also if anyone can recommend a good antibody for CD40L expression anyways by flow cytomety 

  • Syatir Tahar asked a question in Cryptosporidium:
    New
    Can anyone identify Cryptosporidium in the pictures?

    Dear all,

    Can anyone of you identify the microorganisms in the pictures? I stained them with modified Ziehl-Neelsen for Cryptosporidium. The sample was lake water.

    And the second picture which is the red-stained image below is sure not Cryptosporidium based on its shape.

    Thanks in advance.

    + 2 more attachments

  • Ruth Eriksen added an answer in Glutaraldehyde:
    5
    Optimal glutaraldehyde concentration for preservation of marine phytoplankton?

    Is there a consensus on the optimal concentration of glutaraldehyde for the preservation of marine phytoplankton?  I typically use 1%, but notice that other researchers use from 0.1% to 3%.

    I am interested in maintaining as many taxonomic features as possible for LM and SEM with the lowest concentration of glutaraldehyde that is acceptable, since I don't like working with this chemical at sea. I typically work in low chlorophyll high nutrient areas of the Southern Ocean, but may find sea-ice blooms from time to time.

    I appreciate you thoughts and recommendations :).

    Ruth Eriksen

    Thanks Ettahiri

    I loose some detail with Lugols as Diane pointed out , but its much safer to use at sea.

    Many of my coastal samples are preserved in Lugols, but I typically get them processed faster than the Southern Ocean ones.  Lots of compromises to be made!

  • Lael L Cheung added an answer in Membranes:
    16
    How do you do your western blot normalization ?

    Hi.

    I'm working on a new project which involve "quantify" an effect on protein levels. As I am working with rat samples I have a lot of samples to pass through Western blot.

    In my previous lab I never had the chance to perform this step so right now I have a lot of questions. I wonder if I can compare different blots and how ?

    And I have to say that for some of my proteins I use different exposition time for the same membrane (I cut the membrane in different pieces) and depending on saturation. I try to be at the maximum signal before any saturation but for some of my protein of interest I can say that it will never be the case (signal too faint). Am I doing right ?

    Should I present my result as ratio of protein of interest on loading control and only then compare them. Or should I compare membrane per membrane and then mix all the results ?

    I don't know if I am being clear...

    Thank you

    Lael L Cheung

    @Dieynaba

    It may be helpful to review, in consultation with your research mentor, current publication guidelines for Western Blot normalization. The guidelines vary from journal to journal, so identify the journal(s) in which you aspire to publish and then use techniques that adhere to the respective guidelines. Hope the following information helps!

    • ASBMB (publishes J Biol Chem, J Lipid Res, & Mol Cell Proteomics) prefers normalization by total protein in lane. For single-parameter normalization (e.g., a "housekeeping protein"), ASBMB may ask for more evidence of appropriateness.

    Author guidelines

    http://www.jbc.org/site/misc/ifora.xhtml#blots

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705984/

    Recent seminar at the ASBMB National Meeting held this past April in San Diego

    http://www.jbc.org/site/misc/meeting2016.xhtml

    • NPG (publishes Nature, Sci Rep, etc.) allows use of traditional loading controls such as housekeeping proteins, but the linearity and proportional stability of their signals should be confirmed prior to making quantitative comparisons. 

    Author guidelines (see under "Electrophoretic gels & blots")

    http://www.nature.com/authors/policies/image.html

    http://www.nature.com/srep/journal-policies/editorial-policies#digital-image

    • Recent publication in Science Signaling comparing normalization by Total Protein vs. Single Proteins. 

    "An Analysis of Critical Factors for Quantitative Immunoblotting"

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401487/

    • Free educational webinar with pertinent citations from the scientific literature:

    "Western Blot Normalization What You Need to Know"

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SqD4tm6fw4

  • Maria Martin asked a question in THP-1:
    New
    I have a huge difference in migration response between parental and sh-scramble lenti-treated THP-1s. Has anyone experienced the same?

    I verified expression of my protein of interest in parental and shscr THP-1s is the same. Then, I did a migration assay on Transwell chambers and I got a night and day difference in the number of migrated cells, with the knock-down cell numbers falling in between parental and shscr. I would appreciate reading comments from anyone who has experienced something similar.

  • Pedro M. Alcolado added an answer in Species Diversity:
    15
    Does anyone have ideas on how to define rare species based on incidence and/or occurrence?

    I know there is a lot of discussion on the definition of rare species and I also know of some ways or rules of thumb to define them, but I was wondering what researches commonly use. My question arises from a dataset containing species (larval dragonflies) densities of 201 sites. I know of lower quartile rule of ordered occurrences or just defining rare species by stating that all species are rare that occur in less than e.g. 5 sites of 201 or something similar. But what methods do you use?

    Regards, 
    Daniel

    Pedro M. Alcolado

    Welcome, Pete

    Pedro

  • Ron S Mahabir added an answer in Charting:
    1
    Please would anyone give me a link for downloading a program to draw maps?

    I want a program for drawing maps and charts

    Ron S Mahabir

    Maybe try Quantum GIS or DIVA-GIS? They are both free and the links can be found from a simple Google search. 

  • Nasiru Abdullahi added an answer in Dyes:
    3
    Can orange/blue loading dye or green master mix can cause anomalous bands in my electrophoresis from a purified PCR product?

    I am trying to purified a PCR product from gel extraction (2% agarose), for the purification I used PureLink Quick gel extraction and PCR purification combo kit (Invitrogen). And for the PCR reaction I used Go Taq Green Master mix from Promega.

    The purification purpose is for sequence. After the purification I made a electrophoresis. The electrophoresis conditions: 100V, 30min, 2% agarose. I used blue/orange loading dye and GelRed for staining. 

    As a result I got the expected bands but I also have anomalous bands in the superior part of the gel, can these be form from de loading dye? or green master mix? will this affect the results form sequencing? 

    Nasiru Abdullahi

    Hi Paola,

    The upper band at the superior part of your gel might be a genomic contamination. I suggest you need to troubleshoot properly to identify the source of the contamination. You can not use that for sequencing as far as you still have those superior bands after purification.

    With respect to Dr John's reply

    '' If the smaller bands at the bottom are around 50-100bp'' 

    I will like to remind him that the bands are not smaller bands rather higher bands as seen from the attached gel picture.

    Best Wishes

  • Lael L Cheung added an answer in Protein Staining:
    4
    How do I perform densitometric analysis of ponceau s. stain?

    Hello all, 

    I'm very new to research, and science in general. I just started in my first lab two months ago, so I don't have a lot of experience. 

    I'm currently analyzing western blot data. My PI and I are having some disagreement as to the best method to normalize the protein of interest (Neuropsin) to a total protein stain using Ponceau S.

    When doing densitometric analysis with AlphaView software of the Ponceau stain, I quantify the total protein for each sample using the entire lane (meaning I make the box to be analyzed around the whole lane). My PI tells me that I should be using only a small band from each lane instead of the whole lane. But it seems to me that this defeats the purpose of quantifying the total protein for each sample because it only quantifies a portion of the total protein. If I'm analyzing the entire band of my protein of interest, but only a portion of the total protein, it seems that the data from normalization won't be reliable. 

    Not much literature actually reports densitometric techniques, but in the papers that do, it appears that most researchers are using the entire lane to quantify total protein. Could anyone help clear this up for me? I want to make sure I'm using the most reliable methodologies.

    Thank you all ahead of time, I appreciate any responses. 

    Lael L Cheung

    @Noah

    It may be helpful to review, in consultation with your research mentor, current publication guidelines for Western Blot normalization. The guidelines vary from journal to journal, so identify the journal(s) in which you aspire to publish and then use techniques that adhere to the respective guidelines. Hope the following information helps!

    • ASBMB (publishes J Biol Chem, J Lipid Res, & Mol Cell Proteomics) prefers normalization by total protein in lane. For single-parameter normalization (e.g., a "housekeeping protein"), ASBMB may ask for more evidence of appropriateness.

    Author guidelines

    http://www.jbc.org/site/misc/ifora.xhtml#blots

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705984/

    Recent seminar at the ASBMB National Meeting held this past April in San Diego

    http://www.jbc.org/site/misc/meeting2016.xhtml

    • NPG (publishes Nature, Sci Rep, etc.) allows use of traditional loading controls such as housekeeping proteins, but the linearity and proportional stability of their signals should be confirmed prior to making quantitative comparisons. 

    Author guidelines (see under "Electrophoretic gels & blots")

    http://www.nature.com/authors/policies/image.html

    http://www.nature.com/srep/journal-policies/editorial-policies#digital-image

    • Recent publication in Science Signaling comparing normalization by Total Protein vs. Single Proteins. 

    "An Analysis of Critical Factors for Quantitative Immunoblotting"

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401487/

    • Free educational webinar with pertinent citations from the scientific literature:

    "Western Blot Normalization What You Need to Know"

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SqD4tm6fw4

  • David Mcmullen added an answer in Adult Education:
    3
    How has anyone used visual metaphors to teach scienctific subjects at undergraduate down to middle school levels?

    I am using visual seminars to address functional illiteracy at both an undergraduate down to a middle school level. I have found that images have the ability to undercut illiteracy. Visual metaphors seem to be one of the most effective tools for doing this.

    David Mcmullen

    Thanks for the supportive responses. This is my first time sharing these ideas professionally, and I appreciate the insights. One of my new visual metaphors is "hiding in plain sight.." I used images of prey and predators camouflaged in "plain sight" The most effective were a giraffe in a stand of trees, and a leopard in tall grass. One student saw the giraffe, no one saw the leopard until I circled it in red. The point I was making was that a scientist looks at the same world the rest of us look at, but his or her eyes and are drawn to the points of query and interest, that can lead to scientific understanding. One can think of global warming and the relationship between fracking and earthquakes and instances of a point of start for an inquiry.

  • Nauman Munir added an answer in Comsol Multiphysics:
    2
    Comsol Acoustics Module ???

    I want to learn the COMSOL (5.2 a) Acoustic Module. If anyone has the tutorial guide or know some web links to learn that.

    Please share with me, I shall be very thankful to you.

    Nauman Munir

    Thanks,  René Christensen.

  • Vidish Iyer added an answer in Abaqus:
    3
    What can be the reasons for a prestressed beam with two tendons resisting lesser force than a prestressed beam with one tendon?

    I am designing a glass beam with glass panels attached to each other with a DeloPhoto Bond adhesives. Further I am prestressing the 12.7 mm strands.

    I am modeling this with 1 strand and 2 strands and my 1 strand beam is resisting more force than the 2 strands beam.

    I am using Abaqus as a FEA package.

    What can be the reason to that?

    Vidish Iyer

    A few questions : 

    1. Just to confirm, the prestressing force in both tendons is same ? 

    2. When you say " beam with 1 strand resists more force ", do you mean under dynamic analysis ? 

    3. Which result are you specifically checking here ? Shear stresses ? Deflections ?

  • Chris Fetterly asked a question in Spin Coating:
    New
    Spin coating pmma on hydrophobic surfaces?

    Hi, wondering if anyone has experience spin coating pmma thin films on top of hydrophobic surfaces? If so, what solvent was used? Thanks in advance. 

  • Emeka Ugboma added an answer in Satellite Data:
    19
    How can I convert the unit from molecules/cm2 to ppm?

    Currently I am working on NO2 satellite data in molecules/cm2 . But I don't know how to convert it to ppm (parts per million). I would be grateful if anyone can give me some suggestions. Thanks

    Emeka Ugboma

    Thanks Harry for that link

  • Robert E. Overstreet added an answer in Servant Leadership:
    22
    Are there relationships between servant leadership, culture, and performance?

    Servant leadership is often presented as having positive impact on employee behaviour and corporate performance.
    I wonder if this positive impact is absolute or depending on dominant culture and values.

    Robert E. Overstreet

    Mahmoud,

    We were able to link SL to several positive organizational outcomes including financial performance.

    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260084042_Bridging_the_Gap_Between_Strategy_and_Performance_Using_Leadership_Style_to_Enable_Structural_Elements

    Take care,

    Rob

    • Source
      Robert E. Overstreet · Benjamin T. Hazen · Joseph B. Skipper · Joe B. Hanna
      [Show abstract] [Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Successful leaders create structural elements in order to achieve the performance objectives set forth by organizational strategy. Supply chain oriented structural elements are reflected in an organization's relationships, both within the firm and with supply chain partners. In this research effort, we examine how such structural elements can be created as a means through which to enhance performance. Our hypothesized model is rooted in strategy-structure-performance theory and integrates elements of servant leadership theory and social exchange theory to explain how building organizational commitment via servant leadership behaviors can ultimately impact performance. We use a survey method to collect data from 158 motor carriers. The results of our structural equation model support our hypotheses and serve to extend the discussion of supply chain structural elements and the role of leadership style in achieving organizational performance.
      Full-text Article · May 2014 · Journal of Business Logistics
      Download
  • Pravin Bhattarai added an answer in HPLC-UV:
    9
    How to determine concentration of 2-Deoxyglucose(2-DG) from the sample?

    The equipment we have is Agilent HPLC(with UV detector only). There is a paper in 1985 that uses UV-HPLC (195 nm) to detect 2-DG but uses NH2 column which we don't have. Is there any alternative to solve this issue and find the  concentration of 2-DG by some other technique?

    There are ample papers that uses HPLC combined with other detection techniques that doesn't match our equipment, so i am in search for some simple, convenient, and reliable method which can determine concentration of 2-DG. Thanks in advance.

    Pravin Bhattarai

     Dear Austin, the sample in which i want to quantify concentration of 2-DG is mostly a pure mixture of a drug and 2-dg which donot interfere each other in the chromatographic measurement. Since, there is no problem of mixture of other saccharides and i need to estimate concentration of clean 2-dg from the mixture any of the convenient chromatographic solutions should help, i guess. About the HPLC, we have only UV-HPLC (Agilent) and donot have access to RI, FID etc., probably what you wanted to ask me because i am not so familiar with HPLC and its the first time i am trying to use it for my analysis. And about the column, i dont want to invest in the column without knowing that this method will work with the particular type of column because it will be a huge loss for me later. Thank You in advance for the reply Austin.

  • Robert E. Overstreet added an answer in Dynamic Capabilities:
    4
    Does anyone have any suggestions for the development of a measurement scale for leadership in consideration of dynamic capabilities?

    I am looking at the influence of higher level managerial capability ( Leadership) in relation to dynamic capabilities. need some suggestion and recommended papers for reference in developing a measurement scale for this capability .   

    Robert E. Overstreet

    Nilesh,

    These papers might help you.

    Ambrosini, V. and Bowman, C. (2009), “What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management?”, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 29-49.

    Ambrosini, V., Bowman, C. and Collier, N. (2009), “Dynamic capabilities: an exploration of how firms renew their resource base”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 20 No. S1, pp. S9-S24.

    Easterby-Smith, M., Lyles, M.A. and Peteraf, M.A. (2009), “Dynamic capabilities: current debates and future directions”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 20 No. S1, pp. S1-S8.

    Newey, L.R. and Zahra, S.A. (2009), “The evolving firm: how dynamic and operating capabilities interact to enable entrepreneurship”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 20 No. S1, pp. S81-S100.

    Overstreet, R. E., Hanna, J. B., Byrd, T. A., Cegielski, C. G., and Hazen, B. T. (2013). Leadership style and organizational innovativeness drive motor carriers toward sustained performance. International Journal of Logistics Management, 24(2), 247–270.

    Pavlou, P.A. and El Sawy, O.A. (2011), “Understanding the elusive black box of dynamic capabilities”, Decision Sciences, Vol. 42 No. 1, pp. 239-273.

    Rodenbach, M. and Brettel, M. (2012), “CEO experience as a micro-level origin of dynamic capabilities”, Management Decision, Vol. 50 No. 4, pp. 611-634.

    All the best,

    Rob

  • Stephen Cheung added an answer in Motivational Interviewing:
    1
    What are the techniques of CBT?

    Can we say that Motivational Interviewing, problem-solving, and self-monitoring are the techniques of CBT? or they are separate techniques? I am bit confused, I have read articles collectively called CBT of these three techniques. While some articles used Motivational Interviewing as a separate technique. Please guide.

    Stephen Cheung

    Hi Muhammad,

    Most people would see motivational interviewing as a separate approach from the behavioral techniques of CBT (e.g., problem-solving, self-monitoring, relaxation, etc.). Some people may talk about them together because of their common focus on behavior. I hope these links will clarify for you in some ways.

    + 2 more attachments

  • Naike Wang added an answer in Meta-Analysis:
    2
    How many researchers are typically needed in a meta-analysis study?

    I heard that three researchers are needed to finalize the selection of articles that will be included in a meta-analysis, is this typically true in the field?

    Naike Wang

    Many thanks!

  • Aqleem Abbas added an answer in Chitosan:
    1
    Can we prepare plants extracts in ethanol and chitosan in distilled water ? or this is necessary to prepare both in distilled water ?

    Can we prepare plants extracts in ethanol and chitosan in distilled water ? or this is necessary to prepare both in distilled water ?

    Aqleem Abbas

    I don't have any idea regarding extraction but you can visit to this site

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089666

  • Zoubair Boulahia added an answer in Open Source Software:
    1
    I'd like to design my own Gasoline Direct Injection engine. Which software should I use for CFD of injection and in-cylinder flow?

    I would like to simulate the injection and in cylinder flow of the engine and further expand to simulation of combustion. 

    Are there free/open source softwares that could be used for this purpose? 

    Zoubair Boulahia

    Use this forum it can help you. Good luck.

    • http://www.cfd-online.com/
      CFD Online
      An online center for Computational Fluid Dynamics. This is the largest CFD site on the net with services like discussion forums, jobs, links and a wiki.
  • Tousif Ahmed asked a question in Lammps:
    New
    How to calculate Graphene thermal conductivity using lammps?

    I'm trying to calculate the thermal conductivity of a graphene sheet using lammps. I'm using Lammps fix ave/correlate command. Though the literature shows graphene has thermal conductivity of ~1400, i'm getting only 3.5ish!!! Here is the lammps code:

    # INITIALIZATION
    units real
    dimension 3
    processors * * *
    boundary p p p

    atom_style atomic

    # ATOM DEFINITION
    read_data strained-sige.dat

    # SETTINGS
    pair_style tersoff
    pair_coeff * * SiC.tersoff C


    variable T equal 1
    variable V equal vol
    variable dt equal 4.0
    variable p equal 200 # correlation length
    variable s equal 10 # sample interval
    variable d equal $p*$s # dump interval

    variable kB equal 1.3806504e-23 # [J/K] Boltzmann
    variable kCal2J equal 4186.0/6.02214e23
    variable A2m equal 1.0e-10
    variable fs2s equal 1.0e-15
    variable convert equal ${kCal2J}*${kCal2J}/${fs2s}/${A2m}

    timestep ${dt}
    thermo $d

    velocity all create $T 102486 mom yes rot yes dist gaussian
    fix NVT all nvt temp $T $T 10 drag 0.2
    run 18000

    reset_timestep 0
    compute myKE all ke/atom
    compute myPE all pe/atom
    compute myStress all stress/atom NULL virial
    compute flux all heat/flux myKE myPE myStress
    variable Jx equal c_flux[1]/vol
    variable Jy equal c_flux[2]/vol

    fix JJ all ave/correlate $s $p $d &
    c_flux[1] c_flux[2] type auto file J0Jt.dat ave running
    variable scale equal ${convert}/${kB}/$T/$T/$V*$s*${dt}
    variable k11 equal trap(f_JJ[3])*${scale}
    variable k22 equal trap(f_JJ[4])*${scale}

    thermo_style custom step temp v_Jx v_Jy v_k11 v_k22
    run 100000
    variable k equal (v_k11+v_k22)/3.0
    variable ndens equal count(all)/vol
    print "average conductivity: $k[W/mK] @ $T K, ${ndens} /A^3"

  • Stephen Cheung added an answer in Acculturation:
    1
    Is there anyone out there engaging in an interdisciplinary approach with acculturation and indigenous sociocultural concepts at the core?

    The goal would be to acculturate sojourners via indigenous sociocultural constructs. 

    Stephen Cheung

    Hi David,

    I practice and teach multicultural psychotherapy and family psychology; I definitely use the cultural identity, acculturation, and salient cultural issues of my clients and/or trainees as well as individualist and collectivist cultural constructs in my work. I wonder what specific research ideas you have in mind. 

  • Srinivasan Ramachandran added an answer in Molecular Biology:
    1
    What type of collagen can I use to fix isolated lipid droplets?

    Hello,

    I am interested in observing stained (with ORO solution) isolated lipid droplets with light microscopy and I have seen that collagen could be of a use. However, the paper I found does not mention clearly which company provides it or what type they have used. Does anyone have any idea? 

    Thank you in advance

  • Christian Q. Scheckhuber added an answer in Biotechnology:
    1
    RNA optimal extraction procedure?

    hey guys , Would you like to share your RNA extraction protocol?

    I've been in different lab and find there are lot different between the protocol.

    Usually the all step performed on the ice

    first step is add trizol, mixed well and stand for few mins,

    add chroloform, votex and stand for few mins, 

    centrifuge and trasfer supernant on new tube

    add isoalchol and revert, store at -80℃ >30mins or just stand on ice

    centrifuge and remove supernant

    wash with 80%alcohol for two times

    dissolve in RNAase free water.

    what's ur centrifuge speed and time? do you guys store at -80℃?

    Christian Q. Scheckhuber

    I think there is no best protocol for RNA isolation. It depends on what type of organism, tissue, cell you work with (and also on the type of RNA you want to isolate). The basic protocol follows the steps you mentioned. Precipitation in alcohol (isopropanol or ethanol) is usually followed by a high speed centrifugation step (I used to do 14000 rpm for 30 min at 4°C in a bench-top centrifuge). For washing I used 70% ethanol and centrifuged for 10 min (same speed and temperature parameters as before). Storage of RNA at -80°C is highly recommended.

    Regards, Christian

  • Eneas Konzen added an answer in Single Nucleotide Polymorphism:
    9
    Could variants (SNP) within an Indel explain the variation in gene expression across varieties?

    Hi. This is to anyone who has ever observed the same. We found a large Indel (400bp) within a known gene. When the insertion is not present (deletion), the gene is expressed (like a functional version of the gene). But when the insertion is present, there is a SNP within the inserted sequence that can also be correlated with the expression. Something like this:

    Deletion --> expresion

    Insertion:  SNP A within insertion --> expression

    Insertion:  SNP T within insertion --> No expression

    The correlation between deletion/expression could be explained as a functional version, and the insertion could disrupt the gene, so it should be non functional (like many transposons do). But having expression even with the insertion, but only when a specific SNP is present, is confusing to me.

    I would appreciate any suggestion to find a biological explanation for this results. 

    Thank you!

    Eneas Konzen

    Hello Jose. How did you design the RT-qPCR primers? Where exactly do these primers flank and what's the size of the amplicon? Does the RT-qPCR primer flank the SNP position? 

  • Yasir Rashid added an answer in Crystallinity:
    1
    Can someone help me, how to find % crystallinity for blend samples by DSC ??

    I am doing DSC of PA11 based blend samples wherein I am need to find % crystallinity.

    Yasir Rashid

    Please go through the links, surely, it will help you in the matter.

    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032386101006735

    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/app.1979.070231026/full