Priorities and strategies for sustainable development in tourism

Abstract

One of the leading industries nowadays is tourism, which distinguishes itself by competitiveness, the dual market structure and by its capacity of growth. In order to respond to the demands of tourists and to have a competitive advantage company owners need to adopt sustainable tourism practices by innovating. This study seeks to identify what practices are adopted and implemented by some companies from the North East region of Romania, the level of innovativeness, which are their priorities and what are the determinants. A survey was used and it was distributed to 141 respondents that activate in the tourism industry. There were analysed the responses to 22 of the survey’s Likert scale items, exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify which are the external factors that influence sustainable practices and the types of strategies alongside Anova test was conducted to see if sustainable practices are adopted for the same reasons or there are differences and Mann-Whitney U Test to determine differences in the choose of priorities.

Full text

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Priorities(and(strategies(of(sustainable(development(in(tourism(
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Abstract(
One( of( the( leading( industries(nowadays( is( tourism,( which(distinguishes( itself( by(
competitiveness,( the( dual( market( structure( and( by( its( capacity( of( growth.( In( order( to(
respond(to(the(demands(of(tourists(and(to(have(a(competitive(advantage(company(owners(
need( to( adopt( sustainable( tourism( practices( by( innovating.(This( study( seeks( to( identify(
what( practices( are( adopted( and( implemented(by( some( companies( from( the( North( East(
region(of(Romania,(the(level(of(innovativeness,(which(are(their(priorities(and(what(are(the(
determinants.(A(survey(was(used(and(it(was(distributed(to(141(respondents(that(activate(
in(the( tourism( industry.(There(were(analysed(the( responses( to(22( of( the(survey’s( Likert(
scale(items,(exploratory(factor(analysis(was(performed(to(identify(which(are(the(external(
factors( that( influence( sustaina ble( practices( and( the( types( of( strategies( alongside(Anova(
test( was( conducted( to( see( if( sustainable( practices( are( adopted( for( the( sam e( reasons( or(
there(are(differences(and(MannKWhitney(U(Test(to(determine(differences(in(the(choose(of(
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Descriptives(
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9
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Table(3.(MannKWhitney(Test(
((((Descriptive(statistics(((((((((((((((((((((
(
N(
Mean(
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Minimum(
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10
!\)5#8#&!)*/3!Tb!&#$4)*2#*,$!'()$#!,)!%*$5#&!,)!,(#!)4#*!6+#$,-)*!%*2!,(#!2%,%!
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+*2#&$,%*2!,(#!%$4#',$!)1!,(#!,#'(*)/):-#$!,(%,!'%*!.#!%2)4,#27!()5!'%*!,(#3!'(%*:#!)&!
')*,&-.+,#!,)! ,(#! .+$-*#$$;!I(-$!-$! '%//#2!&)%20%44-*:! %*2! 1)&!.+$-*#$$#$! ,(%,!5(%,! ,)!
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')04%*3!%*2!4&-)&-,-#$!BR%&?!2#!"#+8#&7!\%&&3!`)+50%*7!I-0.#&!\%%?#&7!EFTbH;!
Conclusions(
=+&! 1-&$,! (34),(#$-$! 5%$! ')*1-&0#27! *#5! ')04%*-#$! $,%&,+4$7! $0%//! ')04%*-#$! (%8#!
2-11#&#*,! .+$-*#$$#$! 0)2#/! $,&%,#:-#$! %*2! %&#! 5-//-*:! ,)! ,%?#! &-$?$! %*2! $##! ,(#!
')04/#9-,3!)1!-04/#0#*,-*:!%*2!%2)4,-*:! $+$,%-*%./#! 4&%',-'#$;! I(#3!%&#!/#$$!$#*$-,-8#!
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')04%*-#$c!0%*%:#&$A)5*#&$;!P(%*:#$!(%8#!.##*! 0%2#! -*!,(#!$,&%,#:-#$!)1! ')04%*-#$!
%*2! ,(#! #11#',$! %&#! 2-11#&#*,;! ! I(#! $,%:#$! %*2! /#8#/$! )1! %2)4,-*:! $+$,%-*%./#! 4&%',-'#$!
2#4#*2!)1!,(#!4#&'#-8#2!.#*#1-,$;!V)8#&*0#*,!4)/-'-#$!&#4&#$#*,!1)&!0%*3!')04%*-#$!%!
&#%/!.))$,!-*!%2)4,-*:!$+$,%-*%./#!4&-*'-4/#$!%*2!,(#!4&-)&-,-#$!%&#!2-$,-*',-8#;!Q)&!'-,-#$!
/-?#! >%$-! %*2! X-%,&%! D#%0,! ')04%*-#$! 4#&'#-8#! ')04#,-,-)*! %$! %! 1%',)&! ,)! %2)4,!
$+$,%-*%./#!4&%',-'#$!%*2!%&#!-*,#&#$,#2!-*!$(%&-*:!#9%04/#$!)1!-**)8%,-)*!%*2!'&#%,-8-,3;!
<:%-*!,(#! 2%?%:)>&%,/()*(?)"#/-),#:(/5#-,-,92("5%#/-,9()>>)5/0,-/-%1(#,$()**%5-,9(10>>)5/(
-,( /4%( $%?%:)>&%,/( )*( %&>:)'%%1( #,$( &#,#9%51( -,( /4%( -,$01/5'!-$! 4#&'#-8#2! 2-11#&#*,/3!
%*2! &#4&#$#*,$! %! ,)4! 4&-)&-,3! )*/3! 1)&! ')04%*-#$! 1&)0! >%$-;! "#:%&2-*:! ,(#! $#')*2!
(34),(#$-$! -,! (%$! *),! .##*!')*1-&0#2! -*! ,),%/-,3! %$! &#$+/,$! $()5#2! ,(%,! ,(#! *+0.#&! )1!
4&-)&-,-#$! -$! (-:(#&! ,(%,! #94#',#2! .+,!,(#! $,&%,#:-#$! %&#! 0)$,/3! ,)5%&2$! $)'-%/!
&#$4)*$-.-/-,3;! I(#! 1-*2-*:$! $+::#$,! ,(%,! ,(#! ,(-&2! (34),(#$-$! -$! ')*1-&0#2! %*2! )*/3!
'#&,%-*! ')04%*-#$! (%8#! %! ')&&#$4)*2#*'#!.#,5##*! ,(#! .+$-*#$$! $,&%,#:-#$! %*2! ,(#-&!
%',-)*$! &#:%&2-*:! $+$,%-*%./#! 4&%',-'#$;! I(#! &#$,! )1! ,(#0! .#'%+$#! )1! 2-8#&$#!
'(%&%',#&-$,-'$@! 1-*%*'-%/! %$4#',$7! &#:+/%,)&3! )*#$7! )&:%*-K%,-)*%/7! 4#&'#4,-)*! )1! ,(#!
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$)0#! 2-&#',-)*$A4-//%&$! )1! $+$,%-*%.-/-,3;! >*! )&2#&! ,)! %'(-#8#! 0)&#! &#:%&2-*:!
#*8-&)*0#*,%/!-**)8%,-)*!,(#&#!$()+/2!.#!0)&#!)44)&,+*-,-#$!,)!')0.-*#!,(#!#11)&,$!)1!
,(#!4+./-'!$#',)&!%*2!4&-8%,#!)*#;!>,!&#6+-&#$!#9,#*$-8#!5)&?!1&)0!,(#!4%&,!)1!')04%*-#$!
%*2! ,-0#! 1&%0#! %$! -**)8%,-)*$! ')0#! )*/3! %1,#&! 0+/,-2-$'-4/-*%&3! '))4#&%,-)*! %*2!
*#,5)&?#2!')//%.)&%,-)*;!!
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$,%:#$! %*2! ,(#! *+0.#&! )1! 4&-)&-,-#$! ,(%,! %&#! ,%'?/#2! 8%&-#$! .#'%+$#! )1! ,(#!,34#! )1!
')04%*3! %*2! :#):&%4(-'%/! /)'%,-)*;! R%*%:#&$! :-8#! -04)&,%*'#! ,)! ,(#! -*,%*:-./#!

11
&#$)+&'#$!%*2! )11#&! ,)!,(#! 4+./-'!-*1)&0%,-)*! %.)+,! ,(#!-04&)8#0#*,$! -*! ,(#!')04%*3!
%*2!%',-)*$!,%?#*!,(%,!$+44)&,!$+$,%-*%./#!2#8#/)40#*,;!I(#!0%?#!+$#!)1!0%&?#,-*:!%*2!
(+0%*!&#$)+&'#$!,)!-04&)8#!,(#-&!-0%:#;!!!
O#! ')*$-2#&! ,(%,! 1+,+&#! &#$#%&'(#$! ')+/2! .#! 0%2#! -*! )&2#&! ,)! -*8#$,-:%,#! ()5! 1-&0$!
'(%*:#!,(#-&!.#(%8-)&!%*2!%2%4,!,(#-&!$,&%,#:3!-*!Y!3#%&$;!!
Acknowledgement((
I(-$! 4%4#&! (%$! .##*! 1-*%*'-%//3! $+44)&,#2! 5-,(-*! ,(#! 4&)M#',! #*,-,/#2! „SOCERT.*
Knowledge* society,* dynamism* through* research”,* ')*,&%',! *+0.#&!
X=[W"NATYGAT;YA[ATbEZFj;! I(-$! 4&)M#',! -$! ')J1-*%*'#2! .3! L+&)4#%*! [)'-%/! Q+*2!
,(&)+:(! [#',)&%/! =4#&%,-)*%/! X&):&%00#! 1)&! \+0%*! "#$)+&'#$! W#8#/)40#*,! EFF]J
EFTb;!Investing(in(people!p!!
Bibliografie(
</2#.#&,7! `#f*#f2-',#;! #,! %/;! BEFTTH7! d>**)8%,-)*! -*! ,(#! ,)+&-$0! -*2+$,&3@! I(#! '%$#! )1!
I)+&-$0q;p7!I)+&-$0!R%*%:#0#*,!bE7!TBEFTTH@!TEFZJTETb;!
</-! </-$(%7! Q&#5! <*2&#5! r! BEFTZH7! d>PI! 1)&! $+$,%-*%./#! ,)+&-$0@! %! '(%//#*:-*:!
&#/%,-)*$(-4mp! >*1)&0%,-)*! I#'(*)/):3! ^! I)+&-$07! TZ! BZH;! 44;! EjTJEjZ;! >[[D! TFGaJ
bFYa;!!
<K-&-!`7!D#2#/#%!<!BEFTbH7!d`+$-*#$$!$,&%,#:-#$!-*!,)+&-$0p7!L')1)&+0!r)+&*%/7!k)/+0#!E7!
>$$+#!TBEH7!EFTbS!!
`#//! r;Q;7! [,#//-*:5#&17! r;r;7! BEFTEH7! d[+$,%-*%./#! L*,&#4&#*#+&$(-4@! I(#! R),-8%,-)*$! ^!
P(%//#*:#$!)1![+$,%-*%./#! L*,&#4&#*#+&$!-*!,(#! "#*#5%./#!L*#&:3!>*2+$,&3p7! R%$,#&!
I(#$-$;!rs*?s4-*:!>*,#&*%,-)*%/!`+$-*#$$!['())/S!!
`)(2%*)5-'K7! X! BEFFYH7! dL+&)4#%*! \),#/-#&$7! L*8-&)*0#*,%/! <,,-,+2#$@! V&##*-*:! ,(#!
`+$-*#$$p7! P)&*#//! \),#/! %*2! "#$,%+&%*,! <20-*-$,&%,-)*! t+%&,#&/37! 8)/;! Zj7! *);E7! 44;!
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P(-(J\$-*:! C-+7! r#)+J[(3%*! \)&*:7! [(#*:JQ%*:! P()+7! u-*:JP(+*! P(#*7! u-J! P(+*! C-*! ^!
u+Jt-%*!v(+!BEFTYH7!d<*!L04-&-'%/!L9%0-*%,-)*!)1!,(#!Q)&0!)1!"#/%,-)*$(-4!`#,5##*!
[+$,%-*%./#! I)+&-$0! L94#&-#*'#$! %*2! [%,-$1%',-)*p7! <$-%! X%'-1-'! r)+&*%/! )1! I)+&-$0!
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12
V&%'-7! [;! BEFFGH7! dP%*! \),#/$! <'')00)2%,#! V&##*m! L9%0-*-*:! O(%,! >*1/+#*'#$!
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