Dejan Marcic

Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection Belgrade Serbia · Department of Entomology

This review focuses on biological profiles of contemporary acaricides, acaricide resistance, and other up-to-date issues related to acaricide use in management of plant-feeding mites. Over the last two decades a considerable number of synthetic acaricides emerged on the global market, most of which exert their effects acting on respiration targets....

Lethal and sublethal effects of the biopesticide Kingbo (oxymatrine 0.2 % + psoralen 0.4 %) on the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were investigated in laboratory bioassays. The biopesticide was applied to bean leaf discs or primary leaves by using a Potter spray tower. Acute toxicity tests showed no significant ovicidal action:...

Acaricidal and sublethal effects of the biopesticide Requiem®EC (containing an essential oil extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides near ambrosioides) on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. The biopesticide was applied to bean leaves or leaf discs using a Potter spray tower. Acaricidal activit...

Despite the economic importance of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae), data on their biodiversity are scarce in some regions of Europe, such as Balkan Peninsula and particularly in Serbia. In this country, according to the Spider Mites Web database, only 17 spider mite species belonging to seven genera have been reported. This study provides a rev...

The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the citrus red mite, P. citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae), are destructive mite pests in pome/stone fruit orchards and citrus groves, respectively, the management of these two spider mites species has relied largely on the use of synthetic acaricides. However, frequent, long-term use of acari...

In the context of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), pesticide selectivity is defined as compatibility of pesticides with natural enemies of phytophagous species as their biological control agents. The choice of pesticides selective to Phytoseiidae, as the most significant natural enemies of phytophagous mites, implies the testing of effects of acar...

Spirodiclofen is characterized by a relatively slow acaricidal action against adult females of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), with reduction of their fecundity (eggs laid/female) and fertility (eggs hatched/female). Exposure of pre-ovipositing T. urticae females to the acaricide may affect population g...

The dark-red spider mite, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae), is a highly polyphagous species and an important pest of economic plants belonging to the families Cucurbitaceae, Malvaceae, Fabaceae and Solanaceae, and growing in tropical and subtropical regions. In the Western Palaearctic, its distribution reports have recently come mos...

U enciklopedijama, monografijama, preglednim radovima i drugim publikacijama akaricidi su definisani kao pesticidi namenjeni suzbijanju štetnih grinja. Posle insekata, grinje (Acari) su druga najbrojnija grupa životinja na Zemlji. Posmatrajući živi svet iz antropocentrične perspektive, čovek je napravio i razliku između štetnih i korisnih vrsta gri...

The effects of hexythiazox on life-history traits and demographic parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) were evaluated using the age-stage two-sex life table (in fecundity-based and fertility-based variants), with emphasis on its transovarial toxicity. Hexythiazox was applied when T. urticae females were either in the preovi...

The practice of using natural products for pest control in agriculture has a long history. In Europe and North America, the documented use of several commercialized plant derivatives against insect and mite pests dates back more than 150 years, predating the discovery of synthetic chemical pesticides. The advent of organochlorines, organophosphates...

Sublethal effects of a spirotetramat insecticide on life history traits and population growth of two local Serbian populations (Bujanovac and Negotin) and one commercial Dutch population (the Dutch strain) of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymen.: Aphelinidae) were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. Median lethal concentrations of spirotetramat estimated...

Seven spider mite species were recorded for the first time in Serbia: Bryobia macedonica Hatzinikolis & Panou, 1996 and Bryobia querci Hatzinikolis & Panou, 1997 from Bryobiinae, and Eutetranychus orientalis Klein, 1936; Oligonychus bicolor Banks, 1894; Oligonychus platani McGregor, 1950 Tetranychus canadensis McGregor, 1950 and Tetranychus ludeni...

Eight spider mites species were recorded as new for Serbian acarofauna: Bryobia macedonica Hatzinikolis and Panou and Bryobia querci Hatzinikolis and Panou, from Bryobiinae, and Eotetranychus prunicola Livshitz, Eotetranychus willamettei (McGregor), Oligonychus bicolor (Banks), Oligonychus brevipilosus (Zacher), Oligonychus platani (McGregor) and T...

Sublethal effects of a pymetrozine-based product (commercial product Chess 50 WP) on life history traits and population growth of one commercialized strain (?Dutch? strain) and two local populations (Bujanovac and Negotin) of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. All trials...

Acute toxicity of a buprofezin-based product (commercial product Elisa 440 SC) to pupae of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), and its effects on life history traits and population growth in F1 generation of a commercial strain ("Dutch" strain, D) and two local populations from Serbia (Bujanovac, B; Negotin, N...

Despite their importance as potential biological control agents, only two species of family Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) have so far been recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Euseius finlandicus (Oudemans) and Phytoseius macropilis (Banks). Here, we report native populations of Amblyseius andersoni (Chant), a widely used predator in biological...

The effects of a Beauveria bassiana-based product (trade name Naturalis-L; strain ATCC 74040) on the behaviour, life history traits and population growth of one commercial Dutch strain and two local Serbian populations (Bujanovac and Negotin) of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymen.: Aphelinidae) were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. In a two-choice tes...

The impact of a bioinsecticide based on azadirachtin (Ozoneem trishul 1 %) on the abundance of mushroom flies (Sciaridae: Diptera) was compared to the effect of a commercial formulation of the malathion-based chemical insecticide Etiol tečni. Experiments were conducted in three growing chambers (B6, B7 and B8) of a commercial mushroom farm "Delta D...

Despite economic importance of Tetranychidae, knowledge regarding diversity of spider mites in the Balkan Peninsula and Southeast Europe is incomplete, especially in protected natural areas. This study presents diversity of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) collected over five growing seasons at 296 locations in 38 protected natural areas of Serb...

The results of a research conducted from 1980 to 2016 of leaf mites of stone fruit trees (Prunus spp.) in Serbia are presented. The species complex of 9 spider mite species and 16 phytoseiid species was recognized on 10 Prunus species. A total of 17 mite species were found on cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) and blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.),...

This is an overview of spider mites (Tetranychidae) found on medicinal and endemic plants of Serbia and the Balkan Peninsula. The overview is based on a survey carried out during five years (2013-2017) throughtout Serbia as well as published data on spider mites species records on medicinal plants in other Balkan countries. In the survey, a total o...

Sublethal effects of an azadirachtin-based botanical insecticide (commercial product NeemAzal-T/S) on behaviour, life history traits and population growth of one commercial (Dutch strain, D) and two Serbian populations (Bujanovac, B; Negotin, N) of Encarsia formosa Gahan were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. In a two-choice test, parasitoids from...

Acute toxicity of an imidacloprid-based product (Confidor 200 SL) to pupae of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), and its effects on life history traits and population growth in F1 generation of the surviving parasitoid females of a commercial strain (“Dutch” strain, D) and two local populations from Serbia (B...

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the microbial pesticide spinosad to different life stages of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, as well as its sublethal effects on reproduction and population growth of this important mite pest. The biopesticide was applied to bean primary leaves or leaf discs carr...

This study presents the data on spider mites (Tetranychidae) and predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) hosted by cultivated red raspberry and wild blackberry species (Rubus spp.), which were collected in various growing regions in Serbia over the period 1983-2016. The seven Rubus species were found to host ten spider mite species: Amphitetranychus viennen...

Life history traits (longevity, development time, parasitism rate and adult emergence) and population growth (instantaneous rate of increase) of six local populations of the parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa Gahan, 1924, from several regions in Serbia (without a tradition in using commercial strains of the parasitoid for biological control of greenh...

Life history traits (longevity, development time, parasitism rate and adult emergence) and population growth (instantaneous rate of increase) of six local populations of the parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa Gahan, 1924, from several regions in Serbia (without a tradition in using commercial strains of the parasitoid for biological control of greenh...

Toxicity of microbial biopesticide spinosad to life stages of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, as well as its sublethal effects on this important mite pest were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. The biopesticide was applied to bean primary leaves or leaf discs with spider mites by using a Potter spray tower (2.7±0.2 mg/cm2 aq...

This study presents the data on spider mites (Tetranychidae) and predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) complexes hosted by plum (Prunus domestica; Pd), cherry plum (P. cerasifera; Pc) and blackthorn (P. spinosa; Ps), which were collected in various growing regions in Serbia over the period 1980-2014. The three Prunus species were found to host eight spide...

The effects of the biopesticide azadirachtin-A (commercial product NeemAzal T/S; Trifolio-M GmbH, Germany) on behavior, survival, reproduction and population growth of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were investigated in laboratory bioassays. The biopesticide was applied to bean leaf discs or primary bean leaves positioned on...

Cross-sections of leaf blades and petioles of different strawberry genotypes exhibiting different levels of resistance to Chaetosiphon fragaefolii were studied using the paraffin method, and staining with safranin, crystal violet and light green. Besides thicker cell walls of the cortex collenchyma in the more resistant genotypes, and a proportiona...

AbstrAct The triterpenoid azadirachtin, a major active ingredient of products derived from seeds of the Indian neem tree (Azadirachta indica), is one of the most widely sold botanical insecticides. Azadirachtin has been shown to possess acaricidal properties as well, but its effects on spider mites varied with product and formulation type. The obje...

The species complexes of leaf-inhabiting mites on apples were studied on actively cultivated and neglected apple orchards as well as on wild apple trees in Serbia, from 1981 to 2013. Thirty-nine species of 11 families were found on Malus domestica Borkh; 25 species of 6 families were found on Malus sylvestris (L.) Miller and Malus pumila Miller. A...

The greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, 1856 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is an invasive and highly polyphagous phloem-feeding pest of vegetables and ornamentals. Trialeurodes vaporariorum causes serious damage due to direct feeding and transmits several important plant viruses. Excessive use of insecticides has resulted in signific...

The efficacy of different methods for controlling populations of green apple aphid (Aphis pomi De Geer) in organic apple orchard was compared over three consecutive years. The following three control methods were tested: a) predator activity (Coccinela septempunctata), b) predator activity (C. septempunctata) + selective spraying of trees with infe...

The effects of five tomato genotypes (cv. Narvik and hybrids NS-6, Tamaris, Alliance and Marko) on the survival, reproduction, development and population growth of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum were examined. A laboratory population of T. vaporariorum had been reared on tobacco plants for three years before the study. Females th...

Spiromesifen, a new tetronic acid acaricide, has recently been developed worldwide for control of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in a number of greenhouse and field crops. Due to its new biochemical mode of action (lipid biosynthesis inhibition), this compound could provide excellent control of spider mite populations resistant to other acaric...

Biological efficacy of a B. bassiana-based product (trade name Naturalis, containing min. 2,3×107 viable conidiospores/ml; strain ATCC 74040) in spider mites control was investigated in two field trials and one greenhouse trial in Serbia. The product was applied twice at rates of 0.1% v/v (i.e. Naturalis-LR) and 0.15% v/v (i.e. Naturalis-HR), at 3-...

Toxic and sublethal effects of the biopesticide Kingbo (oxymatrine 0.2% + psoralen0.4%) on female adults of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were investigatedin two laboratory bioassays. The assays were set up in four replicates on beanleaf discs (30 mm in diameter) placed on moistened cotton wads in Petri dishes. Preovipositional...

Biological efficacy of three insecticides of natural origin (azadirachtin, strain ATCC 74040 of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, and spinosad) and of one synthetic insecticide (acetamiprid) in the control of larvae and adults of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated. The trial was set in a commercial greenhouse at the Deb...

The raspberry leaf and bud mite, Phyllocoptes gracilis (Nal.) is the most important secondary pest of raspberry in commercial production plantations in Serbia, which may cause significant damage to a raspberry planting if control measures are not carried out. In the past organophosphates and pyrethroids, insecticides with a wide activity spectrum a...

The effects of spirotetramat, a tetramic acid derivative, on gross fertility, net fertility, female longevity and the instantaneous rate of increase of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) were investigated after treatment of female teleiochrysalises (the first assay) and pre-ovipositional females (the second assay)....

The mycopesticide Naturalis (based on Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040) andbotanical pesticide Kingbo (based on oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens, a traditionalChinese herb) were tested against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)on greenhouse vegetables and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) on apples. Thesebiop...

Acute toxicity of spirotetramat to immatures and its sublethal effects on adult females of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were investigated in laboratory bioassays, at 27 ± 2°C, 50–80% RH and 16/8 L/D photoperiod.Acute toxicity was tested by successive treatments of eggs, larvae, protonymphs and deutonymphs on bean leaf discs, a...

Spirodiclofen, an acaricide with a novel mode of action (inhibition of lipid synthesis), has recently been commercialized and recommended as a compound that effectively controls mite populations resistant to other acaricides. The efficacy of the spirodiclofen against European red mite [Panonychus ulmi (Koch)] on apple, and two-spotted spider mite (...

Modern crop protection industry puts great efforts into the investigation and development of pesticides (insecticides, acaricides) with a novel mode of action, primarily because of increasingly important problem of resistance of pest organisms to pesticides. Resistance of many pest arthropod species (insects and mites) to insecticides and/or acaric...

Modern crop protection industry puts great efforts into the investigation and devel-opment of pesticides (insecticides, acaricides) with a novel mode of action, primarily because of increasingly important problem of resistance of pest organisms to pesticides. Resistance of many pest arthropod species (insects and mites) to insecticides and/or acari...

Strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell), is the most important vector ofstrawberry virus. Breeding of genotypes resistant to this pest is an important preventivecontrol measure, which can be compatible with rational insecticide application. The aimof the paper was to determine effects of dimethoate and deltamethrin on C. fragaefoliip...

The effects of commercial products of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana(Naturalis; 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%), azadirachtin (NeemAzal T/S; 1% and 2%) and oxymatrin(KingBo; 0.1% and 0.2%) in the control of greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorumWestwood) on tomato were tested in plastic covered greenhouse. The effects of the bioinsecticide...

Part one discusses some principal mite pests in agroecosystems and urban horticulture in European countries, Serbia and its neighbouring countries focusing primarily on issues with regard to plant production, novel methods and approaches in applied acaralogy. Part two displays some major properties of acaricides inhibiting respiration, growth and d...

In the middle of the last century, mites moved into the focus of attention as pests relevantto agriculture, forestry and landscape horticulture, presumably in direct reactionto the “green revolution” that involved plant cultivation in large-plot monocropping systems,improved methods of cultivation, selection of high-yielding cultivars and intensifi...

Part one discusses some principal mite pests in agroecosystems and urban horticulturein European countries, Serbia and its neighbouring countries focusing primarily on issueswith regard to plant production, novel methods and approaches in applied acaralogy. Parttwo displays some major properties of acaricides inhibiting respiration, growth and deve...

The first molecular analysis of samples collected in southern Bačka (Serbia) confirmed the presence of aster yellows (16SrI) and stolbur phytoplasmas (16SrXII) in insects belonging to the family Cicadellidae, as well as in carrot plants where the insects were collected. A correct identification of the phytoplasmas and their vectors is essential to...

Biological efficacy of rapeseed spray oil against twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on cucumber, against Euro-pean red mite [Panonychus ulmi (Koch)] on apple, green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) on pepper and pear psylla [Cacop-sylla pyri (L.)] was evaluated in seven field and three greenhouse trials at eight localities in Ser...

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects of spiromesifen on gross fecundity, gross fertility, net fertility and population growth of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) after treatments with four acaricide concentrations: 180 mg/l, i.e. maximum recommended concentration for use in glasshouses against spider mites,...

Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood is an important pest and significant limiting factor for glasshouse production of vegetables in regions with moderate climate. Over the past several decades, its control has been increasingly based on the use of the chalcidoidea parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan. However, satisfactory results have not alw...

Biological effectiveness of three natural products (abamectin, azadirachtin and rapeseed spray oil) and three synthetic products with novel modes of action (acetamiprid, pymetrozine and metaflumizone) against greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), cabbage a...

Chemical control of Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, has become difficult in Serbia because of its resistance to conventional synthetic insecticides (e.g. organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids). CPB resistance and ecological concerns require that conventional broad-spectrum insecticides be replaced by biorational and...

Biological efficacy of rapeseed spray oil against twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on cucumber, against Euro-pean red mite [Panonychus ulmi (Koch)] on apple, green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) on pepper and pear psylla [Cacop-sylla pyri (L.)] was evaluated in seven field and three greenhouse trials at eight localities in Ser...

Here we present the results of field trials conducted in Serbia to evaluate the effectiveness of a neem-based product, NeemAzal-T/S (containing azadirachtin-A as its active ingredient in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate) against pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri) and European red mite (Panonychus ulmi). Efficacy evaluation against C. pyri was car...

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects of spiromesifen on the fecundity, fertility and population growth of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) after treatment of pre-ovipositing females with five acaricide concentrations: 180mg/l (maximum recommended concentration for use in glasshouses against spider mites), 18...

A laboratory bioassay was conducted to evaluate the effects of spirodiclofen on the survival and reproduction of young and mated females of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). The females were sprayed with a series of acaricide concentrations (96, 48, 24, 12, and 6 mg/l) 24-30 h after adult emergence, i.e., at the age most likely to...

The prevalent presence of aster yellows phytoplasmas belonging to the subgroup 16SrI-A together with the presence of samples infected with phytoplasmas belonging to the subgroups 16SrI-B and 16SrXII-A is described in Serbian carrot fields where a low level of epidemic was present. Among nine leafhopper and treehopper species captured and identified...

Pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri L.) occurs regularly and abundantly in Serbian pear orchards intensively treated with insecticides. Overwintering females begin to lay eggs as early as in mid-February, and the period of oviposition usually extends into late April. First generation larvae appear before flowering in the first half of April, causing feedi...

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects of spirodiclofen on life history and life-table parameters of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) females treated at pre-ovipositional period with a series of acaricide concentrations starting with the concentration discriminative for eggs and immatures i.e. the lowest conce...

Studies of the efficacy of insecticides against pepper-Infesting aphids (Aphid/dae) D. Marcie, P. Kljajic, S. Krnjajic and I. Perie Pesticide and Environmental Research Centre, Banatska 31b, 11080 Zemun, Serbia and Montenegro Third Balkan Symposium on vegetables & potatoes, 6-10 September, Bursa, Turkey, 2004., Book of abstracts: pp 72. Green pe...

Biological efficacy of the most frequently used and some newly-introduced insecticides for controlling Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) in Serbia was evaluated in Indjija (in 2000 and 2003), Zemun Polje (in 2002 and 2003) and Surcin (in 2002) localities, against 1st generation of CPB. Neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, imidacloprid...

Laboratory bioassay was conducted to evaluate the effects of spirodiclofen on the survival, fecundity and fertility of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) females treated as 3-days old adults with a series of acaricide concentrations starting with the concentration discriminative for eggs and immatures. After a 24 h exposure, the pro...

Insecticides and acaricides designed to control primary harmful insects and mites may also variously affect some other arthopods present in an (agro)ecosystem (e.g. secondary pests, predators, parasitoids, saprophytes, bioindicators, pollinators). Apart from insecticides and acaricides, arthropods may also be affected by the activity of other pesti...

The effectiveness of spirodiclofen, an acaricide and insecticide with a novel mode of action, in protecting apple from the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) and pear from pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri) was tested in field trials in four sites in Serbia in 2004, 2005 and2007. The efficacy of P. ulmi control was investigated at Morović(Šid), where t...

Sublethal effect of spirodiclofen on Tetranychus urticae females that survived different exposure times in the pre-ovipositional period was evaluated calculating two parameters - instantaneous rate of increase and net fertility - after six days of reproduction. The females were exposed to four concentrations/doses of the acaricide: 96 mg /L (0.24 μ...

Sublethal effects of the mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (METI) tebufenpyrad on Tetranychus urticae Koch females surviving treatment as eggs or immatures (> or =90% mortality) were investigated in life-table assay. The developmental time of females that had survived treatment as eggs (2 mg/l) or larvae (2.5 mg/l) was 1 day longer, while...

Sublethal effects of the growth inhibitor, clofentezine, on life-table parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch females treated at different developmental stages with a concentration causing ≥90% mortality were investigated. Females which survived treatment as ‘early’ (0–24 h old) eggs produced 12% more offspring than the untreated females during the...

Spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) were known before the so-called chemical era of plant protection as a minor threat to what were then mostly low-productivity agro-ecosystems. Various predators kept spicier mite populations mostly below the control threshold. After World War Two. however, the growing use of organophosphorus insecticides (designed...

Effect of flufenzine on different parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch population growth was investigated. The parameters were computed based on the life tables of female survivors of treatment at different development stages (egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph) with acaricide concentrations that had caused >90% mortality. The intrinsic rates of...

Changes in parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch population growth were investigated based on the life tables of females treated with acutely non-toxic concentrations of Clofentezine (200 mg/L) and flufenzine (100 mg/L) in preoviposition period. Over the initial four days of reproduction females treated with Clofentezine laid 14% and those treated...

Ovićidal-ovolarvićidal activity of pyridaben on glasshouse population of polyphytophagous mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), resistant to clofentezine and dicofol, was investigated during 70 - 75 generation development (January 1994 - may 1996). In 1994, dicofol and clofentezine resistance was moderate: dicofol resistance ratios...