Ivana Potocnik

• Principal Research Fellow
• Principal Research Fellow at Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia

Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour) is a major pest in mushroom facilities in Serbia and worldwide. The study aimed to determine the virulence (in vitro) and effectiveness (in vivo) of three Serbian native populations of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev), P9, K2, and ZŠT, compared to a commercial population of S. feltiae agai...

The substrate for button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) cultivation includes a highly complex microbiome. The aim of the study was to evaluate ecological interactions (synergistic, antagonistic, or additive) between a commercial population of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae (EPN) and beneficial microorganisms, bacterium Bacillus amy...

The result of this study was accepted technical solution of disease/pest control of cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.) based on biological pesticides (Biogenesis d.o.o., Serbia): microbial biofungicide Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 (Ekstrasol 1×108 CFU/cm3) and botanical bioinsecticide azadirachtin (Ozoneem trishul 1 %). Effectiveness of bio/pest...

Green mould, caused by Trichoderma aggressivum, is one of the major fungal diseases of button mushrooms. The main problems in chemical disease control include a lack of effective agents, the occurrence of pathogen resistance to pesticides, and the harmful impact on the environment. In an attempt to find a solution, the interaction between two benef...

The study was focused on improvement of the integrated management strategy against green mould disease agent Trichoderma aggressivum Samuels & Gams and mushroom fly Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour) as pests of the white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach. The impact of neem cake amendment in casing soil on regulation of the abundance of mu...

After an outbreak of cobweb disease of cultivated button mushroom in Serbia in 2003, the isolated fungal pathogen was initially identified as Cladobotryum dendroides (teleomorph Hypomyces rosellus) based on morpho-physiological traits. Molecular analysis indicated re-classification of two strains (isolated in 2004 and 2007) as Cladobotryum mycophil...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are indigenous and present in various substrates: soil, vegetables, meat, fermented products, etc. They are irreplaceable in dairy production and the feed industry. Antimicrobial metabolites are formed by LAB, and some of them have antifungal properties. Fungi are the main causes of of plant diseases and contaminants of s...

A previous study had confirmed good selective features of a biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 regarding green mould disease control and increase in white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) production. The recommended application rate of the biofungicide in three split doses (30 + 15 + 15 ml m-2) enhanced mushroom yield by 8.41% and con...

The aim of this study was to test a biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 and its effectiveness in the control of green mould disease of cultivated mushroom in comparison with the fungicide prochloraz. Biofungicide effectiveness in disease control and impact on yield were evaluated on Agaricus bisporus after its natural infection with Trich...

Twenty-two strains of Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum species complex [THSC], Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum, Trichoderma pleuroti, and Trichoderma pleuroticola) causing green mold disease on edible mushrooms (button mushroom, shiitake and oyster mushroom), collected during 2004–2018 from four countries (Serbia, North Macedonia, Croatia, and H...

Five essential oils isolated from plants originating from Serbia and ten combinations of the selected essential oils were assayed to test their inhibitory and fungicidal activity against Trchoderma aggressivum f. europaeum Samuels & W. Gams using two distinctive methods: microdilution and fumigant macrodilution methods. The strongest activity was d...

Lignocellulosic plant biomass is the world’s most abundant carbon source and has consequently attracted attention as a renewable resource for production of biofuels and commodity chemicals that could replace fossil resources. Due to its recalcitrant nature, it must be pretreated by chemical, physical or biological means prior to hydrolysis, introdu...

Compost green mould and dry bubble are the most devastating diseases of the cultivated white button mushroom. In search of efficient disease control, previously and newly isolated Bacillus spp. strains obtained from mushroom substrates were examined for antagonistic activity against Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum T77, Trichoderma harzianum T5...

The evaluation of the inhibition effect exerted by the essential oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum), sage (Salvia officinalis), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea) on seeds germination and early seedling growth of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) weed was examined in a laboratory bioass...

Biofungicides based on plant oils have some advantages compared to chemical fungicides, especially considering their harmful effect on the environment. Twenty-two essential oils from Germany and Albania were assayed for inhibitory and fungicidal activity against Verticillium dahliae Klebahn, the causal agent of Verticillium wilt of pepper, using th...

The impact of a biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 on mushroom yield and efficacy in suppression of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum T77 from Serbia was estimated in comparision with a similar microbial fungicide, Bacillus velezensis QST713, and the chemical fungicide prochloraz manganese. The biofungicide B. velezensis QST713 is reg...

The efficacy of a formulated product of tea tree oil (TTO) and a standard copper based bactericide in combinations with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) for control of bacterial spot of pepper and bacterial speck of tomato was evaluated under controlled conditions. Treatments with copper hydroxide+ASM at both application rates and TTO+ASM showed the best...

The impact of a bioinsecticide based on azadirachtin (Ozoneem trishul 1 %) on the abundance of mushroom flies (Sciaridae: Diptera) was compared to the effect of a commercial formulation of the malathion-based chemical insecticide Etiol tečni. Experiments were conducted in three growing chambers (B6, B7 and B8) of a commercial mushroom farm "Delta D...

Twenty-two essential oil samples from Germany and Albania were assayed to test their inhibitory and fungicidal activity against Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr., the major causal agent of chestnut blight on chestnut trees, using the fumigant macrodilution method. Test concentrations of the oils in air phase were: 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0....

The study aimed to isolate potential biocontrol agents from mushroom substrate that could serve as an alternative to toxic chemicals commonly used for disease control in mushroom production. The antagonistic potential of ten native Bacillus subtilis strains against the causal agents of green mould disease of oyster mushroom, Trichoderma pleuroti an...

ABSTRACT The approach to the agriculture activity in the last years has changed. The great interests in sustainable and organic agriculture have lead research and studies on a different path from the past, more focused on ecology, environment and human health instead than basic production. Objective of this research was the evaluation of the inhibi...

Thirty-five actinobacterial isolates, obtained from button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) substrates (i.e., compost in different phases of composting, black peat or casing layer) in Serbia in 2014–2016 were tested in vitro against the causal agents of green mold in cultivated mushroom. Out of six most promising isolates, A06 induced 42.4% in vitro gr...

SUMMARY In vitro antagonistic potential of eleven isolates of Bacillus spp. against two phytopathogenic bacteria and one fungus was tested in order to identify potential biocontrol agents in vegetable crops. The Bacillus spp. isolates demonstrated different levels of antagonistic effect against the tested pathogenic microorganisms. Data in the stud...

Antifungal activity of two essential oils, cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry), was evaluated against Cladobotryum dendroides (Bull.) W. Gams & Hooz, and Lecanicillium fungicola var. fungicola (Preuss) Hasebrauk, the causal agents of cobweb and dry bubble disease of cultivated mushroom. Inhibito...

Protection of potatoes from late blight, Phytophthora infestans, is based on fungicide treatments. The main characteristics of non-systemic fungicides in the groups of dithiocarbamates, pyridines and inorganic copper compounds are presented. Other synthetic substances with fungicidal activity that have appeared on the markets over the second half o...

A biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis QST713 was tested for impact on yield and efficacy against a Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum T77 strain from Serbia by coating mushroom grain spawn and comparing the results with the chemical fungicide prochloraz manganese in a mushroom growing room. The tested B. subtilis QST713 strain did not inhibit...

The production of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is severely afflicted by fungal pathogens able to cause diseases that affect yield and quality. Major A. bisporus fungal pathogens are Mycogone perniciosa, Lecanicillium fungicola, Cladobotryum spp. and various Trichoderma species. The usual method of disease control on mushroom farms worldwide...

Worldwide plant disease control usually relies on the use of fungicides. However, pathogen resistance to fungicides, developing after frequent treatments, and host sensitivity to fungicides have been recognized as serious problems. Disease control with only a few or no chemicals available at all is a major challenge for growers in the 21st century....

Fifty bacterial isolates obtained from compost were tested in vitro against the causal agents of green mould in Agaricus bisporus. Isolate B-38 which induced 48.08% in vitro growth inhibition of T. harzianum T54 and 52.25% of T. aggressivum f. europaeum T77 was identified as Bacillus subtilis, based on 16S rDNA sequence and used in mushroom growing...

Toxicity of twenty-two essential oils to three bacterial pathogens in different horticultural systems: Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (causing blight of bean), Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (bacterial wilt and canker of tomato), and Pseudomonas tolaasii (causal agent of bacterial brown blotch on cultivated mushrooms) was teste...

Disease control with few or no chemicals is a major challenge for mushroom growers in the 21st century. An alarming incidence of resistance to antibiotics in bacteria, and to fungicides among mycopathogenic fungi requires effective alternatives. Previous studies have indicated that various plant oils and their components demonstrate strong antimicr...

Monitoring of button mushroom bacterial diseases was conducted to estimate the presence and identity of mycopathogenic bacteria and to determine the predominant bacterial pathogen in Serbia. Samples were collected from mushroom farms during 2006- 2010 and also from fresh markets during 2014-2015. The collected samples showed either symptoms of brow...

Seven fungicide mixtures (epoxiconazol + metconazole, boscalid + epoxiconazole, pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, prothioconazole + tebuconazole, picoxistrobin + cyproconazole, azoxystrobin + cyproconazole and spiroxamine + tebuconazole + triadimenol) were evaluated for control of net blotch of barley caused by Drechslera teres, as well as yield loss...

The isolation of bacteria was carried out from samples of straw and chicken manure, compost at various stages of the composting process and casing soil used for growing button mushrooms. A preliminary screening of 108 bacterial isolates for antagonistic activity against Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum showed that 23 tested isolates inhibited m...

The most commonly cultivated basidiomycetes worldwide and in Serbia are button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). Production of their fruiting bodies is severely afflicted by fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens that are able to cause diseases which affect yield and quality. Major A. bisp...

Mushroom production is the biggest solid state fermentation industry in the world. Disposal and storage of spent mushroom compost (SMC) that remains after mushroom harvest poses a big economic and environmental problem. Production of industrially important hydrolytic enzymes by fungi on various agro-industrial wastes is a significant, open chapter...

Trichoderma species, the causal agents of green mould disease, induce great losses in Agaricus bisporus farms. Fungicides are widely used to control mushroom diseases although green mould control is encumbered with difficulties. The aims of this study were, therefore, to research in vitro toxicity of several commercial fungicides to Trichoderma iso...

A study of in vitro sensitivity of five Alternaria solani isolates to cooper-oxychloride, chlorothalonil, difenoconazole, pyraclostrobin and a biofungicide based on tea tree essential oil was carried out. The isolates were obtained from infected tomato leaves collected from five different locations in Serbia. The tested isolates showed the highest...

Six essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants originating in Serbia were assayed for inhibitory and fungicidal activity against a major fungal pathogen of button mushroom causing green mould disease, Trichoderma agressivum f. europaeum. The strongest activity was demonstrated by the oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperi...

The soil-borne pathogen Cladobotryum dendroides causes cobweb disease of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and its significant yield losses. Casing soil disinfection by toxic formaldehyde is a widespread practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of two environmentally friendly substances, colloidal silver and peracetic acid...

A survey of ware potatoes (a total of 1127 samples) from localities in Serbia during two consecutive years resulted in detection and identification of R. solanacearum in 17 tuber samples. The monitoring detected the causal agent of bacterial wilt and brown rot of potato in three districts of Vojvodina province. In 2011, the infection by R. solanace...

Twenty Trichoderma isolates were collected on 13 Serbian Agaricus bisporus farms and one in Bosnia and Herzegovina during 2006–2010. Twelve isolates were classified into five species by standard mycological studies and ITS1/ITS4 sequence analyses, namely Trichoderma atroviride, Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma aggressivum f. eu...

Apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter is recognized as the most important disease of apples in Serbia. Fungicides remain the primary tool for managing this disease and, due to its polycyclic nature; repeated applications are required over the course of a single season. During 2004-2010 we have conducted many trials for evaluati...

A survey of in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of Pythuim aphanidermatum to several commercial fungicides and a biofungicide was undertaken. An isolate of P. aphanidermatum pathogenic to pepper was collected from a naturally infested greenhouse soil from Smederevska Palanka, Serbia. The P. aphanidermatum isolate was sensitive to all tested products....

Sixty-eight Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) strains from recent outbreaks of bacterial wilt and canker in Serbia were collected from several tomato growing regions during a three-year period. The pathogen was identified based on bacteriological characteristics and pathogenicity tests and the identity of strains was confirmed by...

Symptoms of brown blotch were observed on cultivated Agaricus bisporus on several mushroom farms in Serbia. Subsequently, samples were collected from nine localities during 2006–2010 and fluorescent Gram-negative bacterial strains were isolated. All strains caused sunken brown lesions on A. bisporus tissue blocks after artificial inoculation. Isola...

A study of the in vitro sensitivity of 12 isolates of Phytophthora infestans to metalaxyl, azoxystrobin, dimethomorph, cymoxanil, zoxamide and mancozeb, was conducted. The isolates derived from infected potato leaves collected at eight different localities in Serbia during 2005-2007. The widest range of EC(50) values for mycelial growth of the isol...

In order to control the causal agent of spur blight of raspberry (Didymella applanata), the efficacy of five conventional fungicides and two biofungicides was evaluated during 2009 and 2010 in one locality in Serbia where a strong epidemic of the target disease was expected. The following materials were tested: Acanto Plus, applied at 1.0 L/ha (pic...

In vitro antibacterial activity tests of seven biofungicides (Ekstrasol, Bisolbisan, Bisolbifit, Serenade, Sonata, Timorex, F-Stop) and two disinfectants (colloidal silver alone and in combination with hydrogen peroxide) against the Pseudomonas tolaasii strain (NS3B6) were carried out by the disc-diffusion, broth microdilution and broth macrodiluti...

Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.) and shii-take (Lentinus edodes) are the most commonly cultivated basidiomycetes worldwide. The production of fruiting bodies is severely afflicted by fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens that can cause diseases which have an effect on yield and quality. Major A. bisporus fungal...

SUMMARy Little information is currently available on the potential environmental risks that fun-gicides applied during wheat cultivation and remaining in straw may have for mushroom production. The substrate for many cultivated mushrooms is mostly based on cereal straw. This review aimed to answer the question whether residues of the fungicides com...

A survey of in vitro sensitivity of twelve isolates of the Phytophthora infestans to the flu-azinam, fosetyl-Al and propamocarb-hydrochloride was conducted. The isolates were iso-lated from infeceted potato leaves collected from eight different localities in Serbia during 2005-2007. All P. infestans isolates were sensitive to tested fungicides. The...

Twenty Cladobotryum dendroides isolates from Serbian Agaricus bisporus farms collected during 2003–2007, and the F56 strain of A. bisporus were tested in vitro for sensitivity to tea tree oil (Timorex 66 EC), a biofungicide, in comparison with prochloraz–manganese (Octave WP). The efficacies of tea tree oil and prochloraz–manganese were evaluated i...

Four isolates of Mycogone perniciosa, separated from diseased culinary-medicinal button mushroom Agaricus bisporus fruiting bodies collected in mushroom farms in Serbia, were studied. The isolates were identified by observing their colony morphology and pathogenic characteristics. Peat/lime casing was the primary source of infection. A sensitivity...

In order to control the causal agent of Verticillium wilt of pepper (Verticillium dahliae),the efficacy of two conventional fungicides, thiophanate-methyl and carbendazim,and seaweed concentrate (SWC) from Ecklonia maxima was evaluated in greenhouse conditions. Pepper plants were inoculated with selected V. dahliae isolate in the stage of more than...

The efficacy of mandipropamid (Revus 250 SC) in controlling Phytophthora infestansin potato was evaluated in field trials. The efficacies of Revus 250 SC in comparison withstandard fungicides Quadris (azoxystrobin) were tested in several localities in Serbia(Kasarske Livade, Valjevska Kamenica and Opovo) in 2007 and 2008. Both of the tested fungici...

A survey of in vitro sensitivity of eight isolates of the Fusarium graminearum to the fungicides difenoconazole, prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl, was undertaken. The isolates were isolated from infected wheat heads collected from 8 different localities in Serbiaover the period 2005-2006. Among the tested isolates ZE (RF=11.34), RU (RF=5.98)...

Isolates of Cladobotryum dendroides from Serbian mushroom farms and Agaricus bisporus F56 were tested for sensitivity to selected fungicides in vitro. Chlorothalonil was the most toxic fungicide to C. dendroides isolates (EC(50) values were below 1.68 mg L(-1)). Trifloxystrobin and kresoxim-methyl were not effective in growth inhibition of C. dendr...

Twenty microfungal isolates were collected from diseased fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus sampled from Serbian mushroom farms during 2003-2007. Based on morphological characteristics and pathogenicity tests, the isolates were identified as Cladobotryum dendroides. The isolates of C. dendroides and A. bisporusF56 and U3 were tested for sensitivi...

During 2006 and 2007, an extensive survey for the canker pathogen was conducted in the major tomato growing districts in Serbia (Leskovac, Lebane, Padinska Skela, Sabac, Trstenik, Ub, Stara Pazova, Cacak) in order to estimate the infested area and disease incidence. Sixty bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased leaves, stems, fruits and s...

In order to control the causal agent of late blight on potato, the efficacy of several fungicides was evaluated in four localities in Serbia where a strong epidemic of the target disease was expected. The following materials were tested: Feniks, applied at 3.0 L/ha and 4.0 L/ha (chlorothalonil + potassium phosphite, Luxembourg d.o.o.); Consento, ap...

Six isolates of Alternaria solani, the causal agent of tomato early blight, collected from various tomato-growing areas in Serbia, were tested in vitro for sensitivity to six fungicides: chlorothalonil, copper-oxychloride, mancozeb, difenoconazole, iprodione and prochloraz. The effective fungicide concentrations that inhibited mycelial growth by 50...

Several methods used for the detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) in artificially infested tomato seed lots were evaluated using two seed extraction methods (grinding and soaking). The detection threshold was evaluated by adding different numbers of artificially infested seeds (one, five and ten) to noninfected seed sam...

Three copper-based compounds (copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulphate), two antibiotics (streptomycin and kasugamycin) and a plant activator (ASM) significantly reduced population sizes and spread of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis among tomatoseedlings in the greenhouse. Streptomycin had the best effect in reducing pathogen pop...

Isolates of Agaricus bisporus strains F56 and U3 were tested for sensitivity to several selected fungicides in vitro. The analysis showed that flusilasole + carbendazim and cyproconazole + carbendazim were the most toxic fungicides to A. bisporus strain F56 with respective EC50 values of 0.04 and 0.23 mg/l. The least toxic fungicides were carbendaz...

Cladobotryum spp. are causal agents of cobweb disease, one of the most serious diseases of cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach) in Serbia and worldwide, which affects product quality and yield. The disease symptoms are: cottony fluffy white oryellowish to pink colonies on mushroom casing, rapid colonization of casing surface, cove...

Lavender, anise, chamomile, fennel, geranium, oregano, parsley, and sage essential oils were tested for their effectiveness against mushroom pathogens: Verticillium fungicola var. fungicola, Mycogone perniciosa, and Cladobotryum sp. Isolates were exposed to the volatile phase of the oils and then ventilated in order to determine if the effect of th...

During the past few years, frequent appearance of bacterial speck of tomatoes was recorded in several tomato-growing regions in Serbia. A three-year survey of tomato fields in Serbia (2002-2004) resulted in the isolation of numerous bacterial strains, with 30 representative strains selected for further analyses. Based on the results of pathogenicit...

A survey of in vitro sensitivity of 13 isolates of the mushroom pathogen Cladobotryum spp. to the fungicides thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, cyproconazole+carbendazim and flusilazole+carbendazim was undertaken. The isolates were collected from diseased fruitingbodies of Agaricus bisporus sampled from mushroom farms in Serbia over the period 2003-2...

Plants of 17 bean genotypes were evaluated under greenhouse conditions for their reaction to X. campestris pv. phaseoli, the causal agent of common blight of beans, following leaf-spray inoculation with bacterial suspension (108 cfu/ml). The plants were evaluated based on the number of leaf lesions, and the disease severity index (DSI) was calculat...

Twenty isolates were isolated from diseased fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus collected from Serbian mushroom farms during 2003-2007. The isolates formed white, cottony, aerial colonies on agar media. With age, conidia and colonies turned yellow and redish.Pathogenicity of these isolates was confirmed by inoculation of harvested basidiomes of A....

The efficacy of new fungicide mixtures in controlling Plasmopara viticola in grapevine was evaluated in field trials. The efficacies of Profiler (fluopicolide + fosetyl-Al) and the standard fungicide Mikal Flash (fosetyl-Al + folpet) were tested at Radmilovac and Slankamenački Vinogradi in 2006 and 2007. Both tested fungicides exhibited high effica...

Five isolates of Verticillium fungicola, isolated from diseased fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus collected from mushroom farms in Serbia during 2002-2003, were studied. By observing their colony morphology under different growth conditions and their pathogenic characteristics, the isolates were identified as V. fungicola var. fungicola. The pea...

In pathogen populations in Serbia, the incidence, pathogenic and morphological characters ofVerticillium spp. were studied. Biological and chemical control ofVerticillium was investigated in pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. cv. ‘Soroksari’) with the biofungicide Polyversum® (Pythium oligandrum) and the conventional fungicides benomyl and propamoca...

Two seed extraction procedures, used for detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) in artifficially infested tomato seed lots, were evaluated. A comparison of the efficiency of pathogen detection by using different extraction methods showed that a grinding procedure was more effective than soaking seed samples. The extractio...

Thirteen isolates of Cladobotryum spp., isolated from diseased fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus, sampled from mushroom farms in Serbia during 2003-2006, were studied. Sensitivity to several selected fungicides was tested and all isolates were found to be highly sensitive to iprodione (EC50 = 0.35-2.30 mg L-1), benomyl (EC50 = 0.14-0.97 mg L-1)...

Antifungal activity of 18 essential oils was evaluated against Verticillium fungicola var. fungicola, Mycogone perniciosa and Cladobotryum sp., the causal agents of button mush-room diseases. Essential oils including: turpentine, basil, lemon, mint, fenchel, rose gerani-um, anise, cinnamon, scots pine, clove, thyme, juniper, lavender, orange, eucal...

Diseased fruit bodies of Agaricus bisporus, bearing symptoms similar to those caused by Verticillium fungicola and Mycogone perniciosa, were observed during the screening of eight mushroom farms in Serbia in 2002 and 2003. Nine isolates, forming either appressed white or pale brown colonies on PDA medium, were recovered. The isolates were identifie...

During 2005 growing season, field experiments were conducted in two commercial raspberry fields to compare effectiveness of some fungicides and biofungicides in Botrytis cinerea control. The experiments consisted of four fungicide and two biofungicide treatments and untreated control, in randomized block design with four replicates per treatment. T...

The isolates of two mycopathogenic fungi Verticillium fungicola and Mycogone perniciosa, and a commercial isolate of white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus were tested for sensitivity to prochloraz, benomyl, and iprodione in vitro. The pathogens were isolated from the diseased mushrooms originating from mushroom farms in Vraćevšnica (Gornji Milano...

Cladobotryum dendroides is the most frequently found soil-borne mushroom pathogen in Serbia [1]. Although many investigations have been carried out to find an adequate disinfectant of mushroom casing, so far, none has been found to be completely effective thus non-toxic to humans. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of Ecocute, based...