Shubhra Chaturvedi

Defence Research and Development Organisation | DRDO

Over the last few decades, an alarming rise in the percentage of individuals with cancer and those with multi-resistant illnesses has forced researchers to explore possibilities for novel therapeutic approaches. Numerous medications currently exist to treat various disorders, and the development of small molecules as anticancer agents has considera...

Herein, we describe the fabrication of chitosan stabilized multifunctional hafnium oxide@gold core‐shell nanoparticles (HAT NPs) (≈12 nm). The developed nanoparticulate system offers multimodal action by providing stimuli responsive anticancer drug delivery along with imparting radiosensitization to cancer cells, thereby protecting surrounding norm...

In the current study, we synthesized thiolated chitosan stabilized gold-coated, gadolinium-doped hafnium oxide nanoparticles (CAuGH NPs) for its capability of acting as a multifunctional system to deliver anticancer drug doxorubicin...

Inorganic nanomaterials require optimal engineering to retain their functionality yet can also biodegrade within physiological conditions to avoid chronic accumulation in their native form. In this work, we have developed gelatin-stabilized iron oxide nanoclusters having a primary crystallite size of ∼10 nm and surface-functionalized with indocyani...

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly altered the socio-economic status of countries. Although vaccines are now available against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a causative agent for COVID-19, it continues to transmit and newer variants of concern have been consistently emerging world-wide. C...

The ability of some tumours to impart radioresistance serves as a barrier in the cancer therapeutics. Mitochondrial metabolism significantly persuades this cancer cell survival, incursion and plays a crucial role in conferring radioresistance. It would be of great importance to target the active mitochondria to overcome this resistance and achieve...

The pharmacologically characterized receptor subtype of the serotonin family, the 5HT1A receptor is implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression and anxiety-related disorders. Being the most extensively targeted receptor for developing novel antidepressants and anxiolytics, a near-ideal theoretical model can aid in high-throughput...

In this contribution, we report the fabrication of multifunctional nanoparticles with gold shell over an iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) core. The fabricated system combines the magnetic property of INPs and the surface plasmon resonance of gold. The developed nanoparticles are coated with thiolated pectin (TPGINs), which provides stability to the...

The proposed study involves delivering drug/bioactive using a single nanoplatform based on PLGA for better efficacy, synergistic effect, and reduced toxicity. PLGA was conjugated to doxorubicin (D1), and this conjugate was used for encapsulation of naringenin (D2) to develop naringenin loaded PLGA-doxorubicin nanoparticles (PDNG). The PDNG NPs were...

The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed many lives and added to the social, economic, and psychological distress. The contagious disease has quickly spread to almost 200 countries following the regional outbreak in China. As the number of infected populations increases exponentially, there is a pressing demand for anti-COVID drugs and vaccines. Virtual s...

The COVID-19 pandemic infection has claimed many lives and added to the social, economic, and psychological distress. The contagious disease has quickly spread to almost 218 countries and territories following the regional outbreak in China. As the number of infected populations increases exponentially, there is a pressing demand for anti-COVID dru...

PurposeAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative pathological condition that resulted from the deterioration of cholinergic neurons over time. The pathological hallmark features of AD include extracellular β-amyloids plaques, hyperphosphorylated τ protein (tau), which is the main component of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and neur...

Contrast enhancement in MRI using magnetization or saturation transfer techniques promises better sensitivity, and faster acquisition compared to T1 or T2 contrast. This work reports the synthesis and evaluation of 5-HT1A targeted PARACEST MRI contrast agent using 1,4,7,10-tetraazacycloDOdecane-4,7,10-triacetAMide (DO3AM) as the bifunctional chelat...

Development of a biodegradable nanoplatform poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) for co-delivery of two drugs is hugely imperative and beneficial in anticancer therapeutics. In this study, co-delivery of a natural phytoconstituent, crocin (carotenoid), and a commonly prescribed drug, doxorubicin, was attempted using a nanoparticulate platform in th...

The widespread and successful use of radiopharmaceuticals in diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic monitoring of cancer and other ailments has spawned significant literature. The transition from untargeted to targeted radiopharmaceuticals reflects the various stages of design and development. Targeted radiopharmaceuticals bind to specific biomarker...

Mapping different structural forms of serotonin subtypes 5-HT1A–5-HT7 using a selective-specific ligand with good pharmacokinetics and brain permeability can open avenues for personalized medication in depressed population. Herein, the selective 5-HT1A/7 antagonist, modified for enhanced brain permeation, is developed as a homobivalent ligand, (6-A...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been an important biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), due to reduction in AChE activity in postmortem brains of AD patients. A potent, selective and reversible homodimeric inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), 5-amino-N1,N3-bis(2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-ylamino)ethyl)isophthalamide [Compound (...

Despite being in routine for onco-diagnostics for years, the applicability of nucleosidic molecular imaging probes is severely restricted in neurological applications due to their low permeability across blood-brain-barrier (BBB). For extending nucleoside tracers utility for neuro-onco early diagnostics, suitable modification which enhances their B...

A mixed affinity dimeric radioligand 99mTc-(BTZ)2DTPA was designed using a “bivalent ligand approach” and evaluated as an SPECT imaging agent for targeting 5-HT1A/5-HT7 dimeric receptors in the central nervous system. In silico studies reflected high affinity for dimeric 5-HT1A/5-HT7 receptors. Following multi-step synthesis, the ligand was obtaine...

Objective: Brain tumor research and medical practice have advanced over the past decades, but progress, while significant, has been incremental and slow. Nucleosides are structural modules of nucleic acids and play fundamental role in all biosystems.Their enhanced uptake in the rapidly proliferating cells like tumor leads to a differential concentr...

Shubhra Chaturvedi,1 Sangeeta Lal,2 Prasenjit Sen,3 Anil K Mishra1 1Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, 2Department of Physics, B.S. College, Magadh University, Patna, Bihar, 3School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India Abs...

The critical role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and its receptors (5-HTRs) in the pathophysiology of various neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders render them attractive diagnostic/therapeutic targets for brain disorders. Therefore, in vivo assessment of binding of 5-HT receptor ligands under a multitude of physiologic and pat...

The subtype, 5-HT7R has been implicated in neurological disorders and presents itself as a promising target for antidepressant drugs. Design of targeted selective ligands, require a sound knowledge of 3D-receptor structure. In absence of receptor structure, structure-based design of targeted ligands relies on generation of 5-HT7R homology model. In...

The growing epidemiological and economic burden of neurological diseases on society is tremendous. A correct and timely diagnosis can help in lowering the burden and improving the life quality of both the diseased person and the caretaker. Imaging of the brain (neuroimaging) using CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging methods can provide anatomical and func...

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Theranostic liposomes are effective drug delivery systems for the management of infections. With added features of targeting and stealth, theranostic liposomes can be made more effective. We report the synthesis and validation of targeted stealth theranostic liposomes for the management of mycobacterial infections. The targeted drug delivery system...

Radiopharmaceuticals are an integral component of nuclear medicine and are widely applied in diagnostics and therapy. Though widely applied, the development of an “ideal” radiopharmaceutical can be challenging. Issues such as specificity, selectivity, sensitivity, and feasible chemistry challenge the design and synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals. Ov...

This chapter describes the tools and techniques available to assess nanoparticles (NPs) in the environment for NP-associated metabolomics studies. Starting with classification of NPs, the chapter then presents considerations and challenges associated with metabolomics of NPs; the protocols designed for sample preparation, extraction, separation, an...

Nanotechnology is of great economic importance due to rapid growth in industrial and household applications and their continuous release into environmental matrices has increased the concerns regarding its potential impact on human and environment. To evaluate the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs), the impact on humans and ecosystems needs...

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The development of drug delivery nanocarriers is emerging as a promising therapeutic tool to transport anti-cancer agents to tumors. In this contribution, preparation of nanoparticles (NPs) highly loaded with cisplatin using the bio-inspired hybrid nucleoside-lipids has been reported. The construction of these NPs using a “layer-by-layer’’ approach...

Internal radiation using radiopharmaceuticals promises efficient cancer therapeutics. The specificity and selectivity required for screening and pinpointing tumor cells for cell-kill has been made possible by targeted ligands based on 'magic bullet' and tracer principle- theories nearing a century. Overexpression of certain receptors has been explo...

The Antarctic context is an analogue of Space travel, with close similarity in ambience of extreme climate, isolation, constrained living spaces, disrupted sleep cycles, and environmental stress. The present study examined the impact of the harsh habitat of Antarctica on human physiology and its metabolic pathways, by analysing human serum samples,...

Functional imaging, for understanding the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurocognition pathways, can be achieved by targeting receptors in the central neural system (CNS). The multitude of physiological functions elicited by the interaction of serotonin with its receptors and the relation between the level and ‘state’ of the ser...

Heavy metals are known for their associated nephrotoxicity and nickel is no exception. An integrated metabonomic approach, based on high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy, was applied to determine the acute biochemical effects of NiCl2 on the renal tissues of rats. Kidney homogenates from rats treated with NiCl2 at two dose levels (4 and 20 mg kg−1 b....

Oxovanadium (IV) complexes of N,N'-bispyridoxyl-5, 5'-bis (phosphate) ethylenediimine (L1) and N,N'-bis(pyridoxyl)-5,5'-bis(phosphate)-1''-(p-nitrobenzyl)ethylenediimine (L2) were synthesized by condensation of optically active C-substituted diamines and pyridoxal-5-phosphate. Oxovanadium (IV) complexes derived from L1 and L2 were evaluated as DNA...

Thallium (Tl) is a toxic heavy metal and its exposure to the human body causes physiological and biochemical changes due to its interference with potassium-dependent biological reactions. A high-resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy based metabonomic approach has been applied for investigating acute biochemical effects caused by thallium sulfate (Tl(2)S...

A bis-polyazamacrocycle, 10'-bis(acetamido)ethane-bis[1,4,7-tri(carboxymethane)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane] (DO3A-AME-DO3A) was synthesized for application in magnetic resonance imaging. The efficacy of DO3A-AME-DO3A as non ionic magnetic contrast agent was tested by performing relaxometric studies on its gadolinium complex. The longitudinal re...

Radiation exposure induces change in many biological compounds. It is important to assess the physiological and biochemical response to an absorbed dose of ionising radiation due to intentional or accidental event and to predict medical consequences for medical management. In the present study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based me...

(99m)Tc-Diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-bis (amide) conjugates have been synthesized and evaluated as a potential radiopharmaceutical for tumor imaging. The compounds were synthesized by the condensation reaction of DTPA bis(anhydride) with different l-amino acids (methyl tryptophan, and 5-hydroxy tryptophan) and were characterized on the basi...

Structural deformability of spermine with radiation dose (maximum 10 Gy) has been proved. Complex formation of spermine with DNA, vitamin C and BSA took place. Calibration and radiation-induced absorption changes in spermine by ninhydrin reagent has been followed quantitatively. Interaction of vitamin C with DNA and their radiation-induced changes...

Introduction: Liver is considered to be a highly radio-resistant organ on the criterion of morphological changes, radiation hepatitis and radiation necrosis of the liver. However, whole body radiation exposure may induce a variety of additional effects that can be expressed at cellular and tissue levels like generation of oxidative stress, alterati...

Introduction: With the growing need for nuclear waste disposal into the environment and the ever-increasing threat of a terrorist nuclear event, it is now necessary to explore biomarkers of ionizing radiation exposure that can be used for mass screening in the event of a radiological incident. Analysis of biofluids such as serum, urine is the simpl...

Introduction: Current events throughout the world perceive the growing threat of different forms of harmful exposure of radiological or nuclear attack. In whole body exposure, radiation has an all together effect on complete body at cellular and systemic levels. Acute effects of high-dose radiation appear in the form of haematopoietic cell loss, im...