Gil Sagi's research while affiliated with University of Haifa and other places
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Publications (12)
Is there a relation of logical consequence in natural language? Logicality, in the philosophical literature, has been conceived of as a restrictive phenomenon that is at odds with the unbridled richness and complexity of natural language. This article claims that there is a relation of logical consequence in natural language, and moreover, that it...
1 Introduction
One True Logic is a rare contribution to the most fundamental issues in the philosophy of logic. The book pushes a remarkably clear and uncompromising monistic stance, in a presentation that is historically informed and mathematically intricate, all the while being engaging and instructive. This makes the book a pleasure to read for...
In a recent article, “Logical Consequence and Natural Language,” Michael Glanzberg claims that there is no relation of logical consequence in natural language (2015). The present paper counters that claim. I shall discuss Glanzberg’s arguments and show why they don’t hold. I further show how Glanzberg’s claims may be used to rather support the exis...
Invariance criteria are widely accepted as a means to demarcate the logical vocabulary of a language. In previous work, I proposed a framework of “semantic constraints” for model-theoretic consequence which does not rely on a strict distinction between logical and nonlogical terms, but rather on a range of constraints on models restricting the inte...
This essay offers a conception of logic by which logic may be considered to be exceptional among the sciences on the backdrop of a naturalistic outlook. The conception of logic focused on emphasises the traditional role of logic as a methodology for the sciences, which distinguishes it from other sciences that are not methodological. On the propose...
Tarski characterized logical notions as invariant under permutations of the domain. The outcome, according to Tarski, is that our logic, which is commonly said to be a logic of extension rather than intension, is not even a logic of extension—it is a logic of cardinality (or, more accurately, of “isomorphism type”). In this paper, I make this idea...
In his new book, Logical Form , Andrea Iacona distinguishes between two different roles that have been ascribed to the notion of logical form: the logical role and the semantic role. These two roles entail a bifurcation of the notion of logical form. Both notions of logical form, according to Iacona, are descriptive, having to do with different fea...
In standard model-theoretic semantics, the meaning of logical terms is said to be fixed in the system while that of nonlogical terms remains variable. Much effort has been devoted to characterizing logical terms, those terms that should be fixed, but little has been said on their role in logical systems: on what fixing their meaning precisely amoun...
Contextualist theories of truth appeal to context to solve the liar paradox: different stages of reasoning occur in different contexts, and so the contradiction is dispelled. The word ‘true’ is relativized by the contextualists to contexts of use. This paper shows that contextualist approaches to the liar are committed to a form of semantic relativ...
There is a criticism of the isomorphism-invariance criterion for logical terms that is expressed in several variations in the literature on logical terms. The criticism in most cases was aimed against the criterion of invariance under isomorphism,1 but it can be seen as applying to criteria of invariance under other transformations2 just as well. T...
In this paper I discuss a prevailing view by which logical terms determine forms of sentences and arguments and therefore the logical validity of arguments. This view is common to those who hold that there is a principled distinction between logical and nonlogical terms and those holding relativistic accounts. I adopt the Tarskian tradition by whic...
This paper deals with the adequacy of the model-theoretic definition of logical consequence. Logical consequence is commonly described as a necessary relation that can be determined by the form of the sentences involved. In this paper, necessity is assumed to be a metaphysical notion, and formality is viewed as a means to avoid dealing with complex...
Citations
... In Sect. 2.2, I show how a criterion of invariance under isomorphisms can be generalized and reformulated for this framework, based on (Sagi, 2022b). Then, in the next section (Sect. ...
Reference: Logicality in natural language
... For one, they are not invariant under isomorphisms, taken by many to be at least a necessary condition on logical terms. Previously, I claimed that these examples do not show that there isn't a relation of logical consequence in natural language-they still leave room for a restricted relation that is a proper subset of all entailments (Sagi, 2022a). Here, I take a different approach. ...
Reference: Logicality in natural language
... The distinction between reasoning and formal arguments may seem to dissolve Carroll's challenge, but in fact, the problem arises again. This is most evident if one thinks that logic is a methodological discipline (Sagi, 2021), but it applies quite generally to anyone who thinks that there is a connection between the principles of logic and epistemic norms of reasoning. If logic has a bearing, however indirect, on how we should reason, then philosophers of logic are reasoning, at least indirectly, about 10 One might object here that logical principles are not about reasoning. ...
Reference: Experiment-driven rationalism
... Ultimately, the appropriateness of a system of constraints, as any system of logic, depends on the use it is intended for. Specifically, a system of semantic constraints can be used in empirical semantics to model logical consequence in natural language, or it can be used as a framework of commitments made by a reasoner (Sagi, 2020). It may be that these two uses (not to 7 exclude other possible uses) will pull us in completely different directions, but it may also be that they do not differ categorically in the conditions they require on constraints, rather only in emphasis and degree: while the former aims at empirical adequacy, the latter might entail a preference for coherence and robustness. ...
Reference: Invariance Criteria as Meta-Constraints
... Cf. also(Sagi, 2018) for a graded notion of logicality. ...
Reference: Logical Constants and Arithmetical Forms
... quence he set out on in his earlier paper(Tarski, 1936), but see(Sagi, 2021) for an alternative interpretation.https://doi.org/10.1017/bsl.2021.67 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. ...
Reference: Invariance Criteria as Meta-Constraints
... If our results are built on the relativistic grounds, then it might appear that they should contribute to the contextualist solution of the Liar paradox (Sagi 2017). Unfortunately, a crucial difference separates our paradigm from the contextualist interpretation of the Liar. ...
... In the case of the invariance criterion for logical terms, examples along similar lines have been presented inGómez-Torrente (2002). For even further examples regarding invariance and meaning, seeMcCarthy (1981),Hanson (1997), for a response, seeSagi (2015) and for further proposals and discussions, see Woods (2017),Zinke (2018). ...
Reference: Logicality in natural language
... I shall claim that indeed, contemporary semantic theory for natural language can be phrased as such a formal system. The overarching formal framework that I will use will be a model-theoretic framework of semantic constraints [as in Sagi (2014)], and the criterion by which I shall explicate logicality will be invariance under isomorphisms [as in Sher (1996)]. ...
Reference: Logicality in natural language
... This is a variant of what is known in model theory as the isomorphism property that holds of a logic if for every sentence ϕ and any models M and M that are isomorphic vis-à-vis the nonlogical vocabulary in ϕ, M | ϕ if and only if M | ϕ. This property holds in every logic in which the terms fixed as logical are invariant under isomorphisms (seeShapiro 1998;Sagi 2014), so we may also consider going beyond standard first-order languages. 20 So, for instance, if the language is of first-order and includes the truth-functional connectives and identity, every logical formula is equivalent over equinumerous domains to a formula containing purely logical vocabulary. ...
Reference: Extensionality and logicality
