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Background and objective
More research is required to understand associations of body mass index (BMI) and sarcopenia with cognition, especially in Latin America. The objective of this study was to investigate associations of BMI and sarcopenia with mild cognitive impairment in Colombia.
Design, setting, and participants
Data were from the Nationa...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... strength and chair stands were assessed in 5,760 participants. Table 3 shows associations between grip strength and mild cognitive impairment. Compared with those with normal grip strength, the odds ratio for mild cognitive impairment was 2.00 in those with low grip strength after adjusting for age and sex (95% confidence interval: 1.70, 2.35). ...Context 2
... associations were observed after further adjustment for height, education, income, civil status, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Table 3 also shows associations between chair stands and mild cognitive impairment. Compared with those with normal chair stands, the odds ratio for mild cognitive impairment was 1.66 in those with slow chair stands after adjusting for age and sex (95% confidence interval: 1.39, 1.97). ...Context 3
... was not a risk factor in those with overweight in the main analysis or the sensitivity analysis. Table 3 shows associations of BMI with mild cognitive impairment in the original model and the crossvalidation model. Supplementary Table 4 shows associations of grip strength and chair stands with mild cognitive impairment in the original models and the cross-validation models. ...Similar publications
Background
Handgrip strength (HGS) has been adopted as one of the diagnostic tools for sarcopenia and is gaining attention because of its association with osteoporotic hip fractures. Longitudinal data of HGS at multiple follow-up intervals in older hip fractures are lacking. We aimed to investigate and compare the HGS changes in patients with hip f...
Citations
... Sarcopenia, first named by Rosenberg, presents as an age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle strength (1). It is associated with the occurrence of adverse events such as impaired mobility, falls, fractures, and physical disability in older people, and places a great burden on families and society (2). Age-related aging of skeletal muscles and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main causes of sarcopenia (3), making the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis a high priority in the treatment of sarcopenia. ...
Objective(s)
Skeletal muscles mitochondrial dysfunction is the main cause of sarcopenia. Both electroacupuncture (EA) and sulforaphane (SFN) have been shown to improve oxidative stress and inflammation levels to maintain mitochondrial function, but the effects and mechanisms of their combination on sarcopenia are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of EA combined with SFN on sarcopenia.
Materials and Methods
SAMP8 mice were used and intervened with EA or SFN, respectively, and Masson and HE staining were used to observe pathological changes in skeletal muscle tissue. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect tissue mitochondrial changes. TUNEL staining was used to assess apoptosis. The biochemical and molecular content was tested by ELISA, western blot, and qRT-PCR.
Results
The results showed that oxidative stress, apoptosis, and IL-6, TNF-α, Atrogin-1, and MuRF1 levels in skeletal muscles cells were suppressed and mitochondrial damage was repaired after EA or SFN intervention. In addition, we found that the above changes were associated with the activation of the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway in skeletal muscle tissues, and the promotion effect of combined EA and SFN intervention was more significant.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study found that EA combined with SFN mediated the repair of mitochondrial damage through activation of the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway, thereby alleviating skeletal muscles morphology and function in sarcopenia. This study combines EA with SFN, which not only broadens the use of electroacupuncture and SFN but also provides a scientific experimental basis for the treatment of sarcopenia.
... Recent studies involving older populations have shown that being overweight or obese may have a positive effect on cognition (11,12). Nevertheless, recent research on older individuals in Colombia has revealed that being overweight or obese is not associated with cognitive decline progression (13). In addition, several researches have reported gender differences in the relationship between BMI and cognitive impairment. ...
Background
The association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of cognitive impairment remains uncertain. Relatively few studies have analyzed the dose–response relationship between BMI and cognitive impairment. This article utilized nationally representative longitudinal data to assess the association between BMI and cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults.
Objective
The present study aimed to analyze the association between BMI and cognitive impairment in Chinese older people, including an investigation of gender differences and the dose–response relationship.
Methods
Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database in 2015 and 2018. The present study used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between baseline BMI and cognitive impairment, and adopted a restricted cubic spline model to plot dose–response curves for baseline BMI and prevalence of risk of cognitive impairment.
Results
The mean BMI of the survey population was 23.48 ± 3.66 kg/m², and the detection rate of cognitive impairment was 34.2%. Compared to the normal weight group (18.5 ≤ BMI < 23.9 kg/m²), the odds ratio (OR) for cognitive impairment was 1.473 (95% CI: 1.189–1.823) in the underweight group (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), whereas the corresponding OR was 0.874 (95% CI: 0.776–0.985) for the overweight or obese group (BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m²) after adjusting for confounders. Gender subgroup analysis showed that overweight or obese older women were less likely to develop cognitive impairment (OR = 0.843; 95% CI: 0.720–0.987). The results of the restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a curvilinear L-shaped relationship between BMI and the risk of cognitive impairment (P non-linearity <0.05). In particular, the risk of cognitive impairment was higher at a lower baseline BMI. In contrast, BMI in the range of 23.2–27.8 kg/m² was associated with a decreased risk of cognitive impairment.
Conclusion
BMI is a dose-dependent related factor for cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults. Being underweight is a risk factor for the development of cognitive impairment, while being overweight or obese is less likely to have cognitive impairment, particularly in female older people. Keeping BMI ranging from 23.2–27.8 kg/m² in older adults can help maintain cognitive function.
Introduction:
Chronic thyrotoxic myopathy (CTM) is a common, easily neglected complication of hyperthyroidism. There are currently no standard diagnostic criteria for CTM, and the ultrasonic characteristics of CTM-affected skeletal muscle remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to evaluate hyperthyroid patients for CTM by ultrasound and identify ultrasonic muscle parameter cut-offs for CTM diagnosis.
Materials and methods:
Each participant underwent ultrasonography. The original (muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), and cross-sectional area (CSA)) and corrected (MT/height (HT), MT/body mass index (BMI), CSA/HT, and CSA/BMI) parameters of the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) were evaluated. The diagnostic effectiveness of ultrasound for predicting CTM was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Our study included 203 participants: 67 CTM patients (18 males, 49 females), 67 non-CTM patients (28 males, 39 females) and 69 healthy controls (20 males, 49 females).
Results:
The CTM group had lower muscular ultrasonic and anthropometric parameters, higher thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels, and a longer duration of hyperthyroidism than the non-CTM group (P<0.05). The VM-PA, VM-CSA, VM-CSA/HT, and VM-CSA/BMI were lower in females than in males (P<0.05). Free thyroxine (FT4) and TRAb both showed significant negative correlations with VM-MT, VM-MT/HT, VM-CSA, and VM-CSA/HT (P<0.05). VM-MT/BMI and VM-CSA/HT, respectively, best predicted male and female CTM (AUC=0.84, 0.85; cut-off=<0.07, <4.01).
Conclusion:
Ultrasound measurement of muscular parameters, especially in the VM, is a valid and feasible way of diagnosing and characterizing possible CTM in hyperthyroidism.
