Tabarak Malik

Jimma University · Department of Biomedical Sciences

Coronaviruses are large family-RNA viruses that belong to the order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, subfamily Coronavirinae. The novel COVID-19 infection, caused by a beta coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, is a new outbreak that has been emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, cough, and dyspnea. As...

Papaver somniferum L. (Family: Papaveraceae) is a species well known for its diverse alkaloids (100 different benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs)). L-tyrosine serves as a precursor of several specific metabolites like BIAs. It has been used as an antitussive and potent analgesic to alleviate mild to extreme pain since ancient times. The extraction...

Introduction Ointments are generally used as a therapeutic agent for topical medication or transdermal drug delivery, such as wound healing and skin lesions. Methods In this study, Tridax procumbens plant extract (0.7 g/mL) was used to prepare herbal-infused oil as the oil phase and gelatin-stabilized silver nanoparticle (G-AgNPs) (0.3 g/mL) as th...

More than half a century has passed since the introduction of the National Filariasis Control Program; however, as of 2023, lymphatic filariasis (LF) still prevails globally, particularly in the tropical and subtropical regions, posing a substantial challenge to the objective of worldwide elimination. LF is affecting human beings and its economical...

An extremely important oil crop in the world, Helianthus annuus L. is one of the world's most significant members of the Asteraceae family. The rate and extent of seed germination and agronomic features are consistently affecting by temperature (T) and changes in water potential (ψ). A broad hydrothermal time model with T and ψ components could exp...

Engineered nanomaterials have emerged as a promising technology for water treatment, particularly for removing heavy metals. Their unique physicochemical properties enable them to adsorb large quantities of metals even at low concentrations. This review explores the efficacy of various nanomaterials, including zeolites, polymers, chitosan, metal ox...

A novel integrated electrochemical oxidation (EO) and bacterial degradation (BD) technique was employed for the remediation of the chloropyridinyl and chlorothiazolyl classes of neonicotinoid (NEO) insecticides in the environment. Imidacloprid (IM), clothianidin (CL), acetamiprid (AC), and thiamethoxam (TH) were chosen as the target NEOs. Pseudomon...

Background Cooling towers are specialized heat exchanger devices in which air and water interact closely to cool the water's temperature. However, the cooling water contains organic nutrients that can cause microbial corrosion (MC) on the metal surfaces of the tower. This research explores the combined wastewater treatment approach using electroche...

P. longum L., one of the most significant species of the genus Piperaceae, is most frequently employed in Indian-Ayurvedic and other traditional medicinal-systems for treating a variety of illnesses. The alkaloid piperine, is the key phytoconstituent of the plant, primarily responsible for its' pharmacological-impacts. The aim of the study is to an...

Micronutrient application has a crucial role in mitigating salinity stress in crop plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) as foliar applications on fenugreek growth and physiology under salt stress (0 and 120 mM). After 35 days of salt treatments, three levels of zinc (0, 50, and 100 ppm) and two lev...

Current research trends emphasize the strategic utilization of natural and renewable resources, specifically within food and medicine, focusing on naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds. While growing interest is in extracting secondary metabolites from plants, bacteria, and enzymes, a substantial portion of these naturally derived molecules r...

The rising interest in bioactive phyto-compounds, known for their antioxidant, phenolic, and flavonoid properties, has focused attention on Moringa oleifera. With its abundant phyto-molecules, Moringa is a promising source for biomolecule extraction. as a significant vegetable crop, Moringa provides ample nutrients that can be efficiently extracted...

Soil pollution with heavy metals has grown to be a big hassle, leading to the loss in farming production particularly in developing countries like Pakistan, where no proper channel is present for irrigation and extraction of these toxic heavy metals. The present study aims to ameliorate the damages caused by heavy metal ions (Hg-Mercury) on rapesee...

The maize (Zea mays L.) is a monocot that is a member of the Poaceae family and a valuable feed for livestock, human food, and raw material for various industries. The halothermal time model determines how plants respond to salt (NaCl) stress under sub‐optimal conditions. This model examines the relation between NaClb (g), GR, GP, salinity and temp...

With a growing global population, agricultural scientists are focusing on crop production management and the creation of new strategies for a higher agricultural output. However, the growth of undesirable plants besides the primary crop poses a significant challenge in agriculture, necessitating the massive application of herbicides to eradicate th...

Nowadays, it is fascinating to engineer waste biomass into functional valuable nanomaterials. We investigate the production of hetero-atom doped carbon quantum dots (N-S@MCDs) to address the adaptability constraint in green precursors concerning the contents of the green precursors i.e., Tagetes erecta (marigold extract). The successful formation o...

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a grave and frequently lethal ailment instigated by feline coronavirus (FCoV) in wild and domestic feline species. The spike (S) protein of FCoV assumes a critical function in viral ingress and infection, thereby presenting a promising avenue for the development of a vaccine. In this investigation, an immunoin...

Carotenoid cleavage oxygenase (CCO) is an enzyme capable of converting carotenoids into volatile, aromatic compounds and it plays an important role in the production of two significant plant hormones, i.e., abscisic acid (ABA) and strigolactone (SL). The cucumber plant genome has not been mined for genomewide identification of the CCO gene family....

The increasing public concern over the negative impacts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on food security and sustainability has led to the exploration of innovative methods that offer both environmental and agricultural benefits. One such innovative approach is the usage of plant growth-promoting bioinoculants that involve bacteria, fungi, a...

The study and diversity of freshwater prawns are of great importance due to growing interest in biodiversity and its relative abundance. The present study was carried out for a selected stream divided into three different habitat types: namely, pond, run, and riffle. The study was focused on the diversity and abundance of prawns. To make it more sy...

Plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms in agriculture present a considerable obstacle, resulting in approximately 30-40% crop damage. The use of conventional techniques to manage these microorganisms, i.e., applying chemical pesticides and antimicrobials, has been discovered to have adverse effects on human health and the environment. F...

Introduction: Municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration fly ash is a harmful residue formed during the incineration process. It contains high concentrations of hazardous heavy metals, such as lead, zinc, aluminum, and iron. Methodology: In this study, bioleaching integrated with an electrokinetic approach for heavy metal remediation from MSW inciner...

Many research has been conducted since the microbiota's discovery that have focused on the role it plays in health and disease. Microbiota can be divided into categories like intestinal, oral, respiratory, and skin microbiota based on the specific localized areas. To maintain homeostasis and control immunological response, the microbial populations...

Application of nitrogenous fertilizer to agricultural fields leads to excess availability of urea in a shorter period which is not only a wasteful expenditure but is also degradative to the...

The study aimed to compare the tolerance capacity of Cyperus iria, Achyranthes aspera, and Eruca sativa to lead-contaminated and chromium-contaminated soils and to check their phytoremediation potential by pot culture experimentation. The experiment was conducted in three replicates in pots having 4 kg of sieved soil mixed with different doses of c...

Taxus wallichiana Zucc., commonly known as the Himalayan Yew, is currently experiencing endangerment due to excessive harvesting and sluggish growth resulting from the extraction of paclitaxel, a crucial plant-derived medication employed in the treatment of cancer. T. wallichiana contains various phytochemicals, including paclitaxel, a diterpenoid...

Opioid prescribing is declining– yet 5.4 million people in England received these drugs during 2020/21.1 There’s clearly still a long way to go as concerns grow about possible cancer risk associated with long-term use.

Nations all over the world are imposing ban on single-use plastics, which are difficult to recycle and lead to creations of nonsustainable and nondegradable piles. To match the requirement in the market, suitable food packaging alternatives have to be developed that are biodegradable and environment-friendly. The current work is designed for the fa...

Endophytic fungi comprise host-associated fungal communities which thrive within the tissues of host plants and produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites with various bioactive attributes. The metabolites such as phenols, polyketides, saponins, alkaloids help to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses, fight against pathogen attacks and enhance...

Owing to their anticancer effects and tremendous potential in medicine, green synthesis of silver nanopar-ticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts has gained considerable attention recently. In this study, silver nanopar-ticles (AM-AgNPs) were synthesized using Artemisia monosperma and their anticancer effects were tested against MCF-7 cells. The synthe...

Introduction: Dietary sources have an abundance of bacteria, mainly lactic acid bacteria (LABs), which have long been regarded as probiotics in humans and animals. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used as probiotic agents due to their ability to produce a variety of beneficial compounds for cultivars and their status as safe microorganisms. Me...

The book gives compact yet complete information on the numerous parts of the most valuable yet questionable logical methods created under the umbrella of genetic engineering. However, in initial preparation, we were convinced that a basic technical introduction to the subject should remain the text's primary focus. Thus, some of the original method...

Cosmetics and personal care items are used worldwide and administered straight to the skin. The hazardous nature of the chemical surfactant utilized in the production of cosmetics has caused alarm on a global scale. Therefore, bacterial biosurfactants (BS) are becoming increasingly popular in industrial product production as a biocompatible, low-to...

This study aimed to assess heavy metals in the surface sediments of the Bharalu river, India. Metal concentrations ranged from 6.65-54.6 mg/kg for Ni, 25.2-250.0 mg/kg for Zn, 83.3-139.1 mg/kg for Pb, and 11940.0-31250.0 mg/kg for Fe. The level of metal contamination was assessed using sediment quality guidelines, geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enr...

Bioethanol is recognized as a valuable substitute for renewable energy sources to meet the fuel and energy demand of the nation, considered an environmentally friendly resource obtained from agricultural residues such as sugarcane bagasse, rice straw, husk, wheat straw and corn stover. The energy demand is sustained using lignocellulosic biomass to...

Uncontrolled waste generation and management difficulties are causing chaos in the ecosystem. Although it is vital to ease environmental pressures, right now there is no such practical strategy available for the treatment or utilisation of waste material. Because the Earth's resources are limited, a long-term, sustainable, and sensible solution is...

Despite an increase in life expectancy over the past 20 years, the number of novel, multi-drug resistant microorganisms has also risen dramatically. To reduce the risk of reemerging infections, and limit the spread of multidrug resistant microorganisms, it is urgently necessary to develop safe and effective therapeutic countermeasures. New antimicr...

Arsenic decontamination is a major worldwide concern as prolonged exposure to arsenic (>10 µg L-1) through drinking water causes serious health hazards in human beings. The selection of significant, cost-effective, and affordable processes for arsenic removal is the need of the hour. For the last decades, iron-oxide nanomaterials (either in the mag...

There is an urgent need to search for effective novel antibiotics due to the evolution of pathogen resistance towards the existing anti-microbial drugs. To fulfill the demand of pharmaceutical industries for novel drugs against pathogenic microbes, the potential source is nature, which is the largest repertoire for discovering biologically active d...

The present book chapter is about the phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and ethonobotanical, safety, and toxicological aspects of the species, Artemisia indica. This genus Artemisia belonging to Asteraceae family comprises of more than 400 species, among which A. indica (also called mugwort) is a perennial medicinal herb found majorly in...

Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC has important implication in traditional medicine and modern implication. Rhizome, being the most important part of the herb, is helpful for numerous diseases we face. Originating in the eastern part of Asia, its rhizome is now used in many important remedies due to its active constituents. As an anti-inflammatory an...

Herbs had been exploited by different cultures throughout history. In public wellness programs of the countries, drugs of natural origin play a crucial role. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. also known by the name of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk is generally called bhringraj in Indian traditional medicine and false daisy in English. It is a common folk medicin...

Alarin is a member of the galanin family of neuropeptides that is widely expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues in humans and rodents. It was initially isolated fifteen years ago in ganglionic cells of human neuroblastoma. Subsequently, it was demonstrated to be broadly distributed in the blood vessels, skin, eyes, periphera...

Background Noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, continue to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Hypertension and dyslipidemia appear to be the two most important modifiable risk factors contributing to the global rise in cardiovascular disease. Several plant preparations are currently being touted...

Objectives: The purpose of conducting this study was to assess fatty liver disease and its correlation with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In addition, evaluation of associated factors and correlation analysis between the fatty liver index and hemoglobin A1C level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was another aim of...

Objectives:The purpose of conducting this study was to assess fatty liver disease and its correlation with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In addition, evaluation of associated factors and correlation analysis between the fatty liver index and hemoglobin A1C level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was another aim of t...

Pinus roxburghii commonly known as “chir pine” belongs to the family Pinaceae and is one of the ornamental trees having tremendous medicinal values placed all over the temperate territory of the northern hemisphere including the Himalayas. There is a global interest in the scientific community to identify novel therapeutic agents that may fight aga...

River Yamuna is one of the most sacred major tributaries of river Ganga. This study aimed to assess the level of heavy metals in monsoon and non-monsoon season in river Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh, India and to assess the possible source of contamination and its associated health risk. Except for iron (Fe), the mean levels of all metals were within dri...

Background Pre-eclampsia can be described as new-onset hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg) together with proteinuria (24-hr urinary protein ≥ 0.3 g) or any indication of end-organ damage after 20 weeks of gestation. Liver and kidney dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, pulmonary edema, and neurologic dysfunction are common manifestations of end-or...

Objectives The purpose of conducting this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of tuberculosis patients towards dots regimen in Jimma health Center. In addition, assessing the attitude of tuberculosis towards factors, modern, and traditional medicine was another aim of this study. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted...

Field portable X-ray fluorescence (FP-XRF) has tremendous potential in geoenvironmental engineering as a qualitative assessment tool. Identification of the elevated concentrations of the selected elements (Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in various geomaterials like soil-like-material (SLM), incinerated bottom ash (IBA), construction and demolition was...

Heavy metals (HMs) such as Lead (Pb) have played a vital role in increasing the sediments of the Australian bay's ecosystem. Several meteorological parameters (i.e., minimum, maximum and average temperature (T min , T max and T avg o C), rainfall (R n mm) and their interactions with the other batch HMs, are hypothesized to have high impact for the...

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) surveys precede an awareness or intervention program, it addresses a felt need in a population in which that need exists. In an endemic region of cutaneous leishmaniasis disease occurrence, public enlightenment on its preventive and control measures is highly important. Ilam province of Iran is a provincial...

Aflatoxin M1 is the most significant toxin of milk and milk products. It is immunosup�pressive, mutagenic, and carcinogenic compounds to humans. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the concentration of aflatoxin M1 and its determinants in raw cow milk sample intended for human consumption in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional...

Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening parasitic disease next to malaria, which is responsible for the death of 50,000 patients annually. It has three major clinical stages, including visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Ethiopia is one of the east African countries commonly affected with leishmanisis disease....

Aflatoxin M1 is the most significant toxin of milk and milk products. It is immunosup-pressive, mutagenic, and carcinogenic compounds to humans. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the concentration of aflatoxin M1 and its determinants in raw cow milk sample intended for human consumption in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional st...

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder, which is associated with increased pro-inflammatory mediators to induce an elevation in acute-phase response, migration of immune cells and swelling of synovial joints. Evaluation of the level of C-reactive protein and associated risk factors in RA patients was th...

Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham. ex C.B. Clarke is an important medicinal plant used in various herbal formulations as it shows significant biological activities such as hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antioxidant and anti-parkinson. C-glucosyl xanthone glycoside (mangiferin) is known as bio-marker compound of genus Swert...

Objective: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is one of a chronic infectious disease,which has a major health burden. Thus, 9.4 million incidents and 14 million prevalent cases were reported in 2010. The high burden of TB is common in sub-Saharan Africa countries, including Ethiopia. The purpose of conducting this study was to assess the knowledge, attitu...

Introduction Dioscorea deltoidea var. deltoidea (Dioscoreaceae) is a valuable endangered plant of great medicinal and economic importance due to the presence of the bioactive compound diosgenin. In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) modelling have been implemented to evaluate the diosgenin cont...

The current global pandemic of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 continues with its public health disaster beginning from late December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. The scientific community has tried to fight against this novel coronavirus through vaccine development and designing different candidate drugs. However, t...

Background Gloriosa superba L. (Colchicaceae) is a high-value medicinal plant indigenous to Africa and Southeast Asia. Its therapeutic benefits are well-established in traditional medicines including Ayurveda. It is well known for its natural bioactive compound colchicine which exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities i.e. rheumatism, go...

Background: Worldwide, malnutrition is a public health concern with noteworthy consequence especially in pregnant women. Maternal undernutrition may dispose mothers to poor wellbeing including infection, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and intrauterine growth retardation. Pregnant women are exposed to n...

Background: Mahasudarshan Churna (MC) is a polyherbal Ayurvedic medicine that is employed in fever (especially chronic type), cold and malaria, improvement of digestion and appetite, removes toxins from the blood, boosts immunity and protects against common bacterial infections. Methods: Validation and quantification of oleanolic acid (OA), ursoli...

Introduction To explore the ethnobiological wisdom of the tribals of three western districts of West Bengal, India against poisonous and non-poisonous bites and stings, a quantitative approach was adopted. These age-old yet unexplored knowledge can be utilized in finding lead-molecules against poisonous and non-poisonous animal-bites. Further, an e...

Background: Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) is one of the child health programs and it provides an integrated approach and focuses on the well�being of the whole child. Globally, nearly nine million children pass away every year with preventable and treatable conditions. IMNCI program is provided by the health fa...

Background Dioscorea deltoidea (Family: Dioscoreaceae) is a critically endangered medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of appropriate drugs. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different elicitors such as salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJa) on the...

Background: Dioscorea deltoidea (Family: Dioscoreaceae) is a critically endangered medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of appropriate drugs. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different elicitors such as salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJa), jasmonic...

Background: The development of antiretroviral drugs and subsequent access to combined antiretroviral therapy contributed to the decline in morbidity and mortality rates associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, resulting in an increased life expectancy and improved quality of life for people living with human immunodeficiency virus. How...

Background: Mahasudarshan Churna (MC) is a polyherbal Ayurvedic medicine that is employed in fever (especially chronic type), cold and malaria, improvement of digestion and appetite, removes toxins from the blood, boosts immunity and protects against common bacterial infections. Methods: Validation and quantification of oleanolic acid (OA), urso...

Abstract Background: In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) was used to construct the predicted models of linear, quadratic and interactive effects of two independent variables viz. salicylic acid (SA) and chitosan (CS) for the production of amarogentin (I), swertiamarin (II) and mangiferin (III) from...

Cinnamon (Ceylon cinnamon or true cinnamon) is a popular, expensive aromatic condiment and flavoring agent cum medicinal plant that houses a major number of pharmaceutically active aromatic essential oils and its principal compound cinnamaldehyde, and its derivatives cinnamic acid, cinnamate, etc. In addition to its culinary use, in ancient Ayurved...

Swertia (Gentianaceae), a diverse genus, is mentioned as a potential herbal drug in Ayurvedic, Unani, and Siddha traditional systems of medicine. Since time immemorial, 70 Swertia species have been used worldwide to cure several health illnesses associated with malaria, cancer, diabetes, inflammation, liver complications, different kinds of fever,...

Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian wo...

Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian wom...

Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian wom...