What is the method to develop hepatocellular carcinoma in rat or mice models?

We know that TGFb is a profibrotic factor. Does the presence of TGFb in serum induce fibrosis in organs? Can anyone suggest an article where it shows the presence of high levels of TGFb in serum induces fibrosis in organs such as liver, lungs and kidneys?

Sometimes we see patients living much longer than expected. Despite the advantages of multimodality treatment, their prognosis seems to be "hopeless" (e.g. gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis and metachronous liver mets). But they are able to live free of tumors for years. This raises the question: why?

I greatly appreciate your input

I am studying novel immuno therapeutic strategies in cancer and have had trouble in establishing a reliable system to study combination therapy with PD-1 blockade. I am wondering if anyone has had success with such a model. I have tried B16 tumors and EL4 tumors. Thank you.

I want to know whether tumor cells share their information by time passing. I were wondering if anybody could answer my question and introduce some good resources in this regard?

I am trying to understand how to best translate preclinical data to the clinical environment, particularly in oncology. 

Current project ongoing.

 I currently read a claim that the people cured from cancer by chemotherapy are 2%, and another claim that 60% of cancer patients are cured by chemotherapy. Many conflicting results but what is the truth?, although 60% is not bad but why 40% arent responding, the science is really evolving and still cures of cancer are debatable. I know several people who had cancer and was discovered at the early stages, they recieved chemo and all happened to die after several months.