Chris J. Brummer's research while affiliated with University of Washington Seattle and other places
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Publications (3)
We combine hydraulic modeling and field investigations of logjams to evaluate linkages between wood-mediated fluctuations in channel-bed-and water-surface elevations and the potential for lateral channel migration in forest rivers of Washington state. In the eleven unconfined rivers we investigated, logjams were associated with reduced channel grad...
1] Mountain channels closely coupled to landslide-prone hillslopes often exhibit bed surface grain sizes coarser than transportable by annual high flows. Coarse particles within poorly sorted sediment delivered to channels by mass-wasting processes may not be readily transported as bed load and can consequently form lag deposits that influence the...
Field data from four mountain drainage basins in western Washington document systematic downstream coarsening of median bed surface grain size (D50) and a subsequent shift to downstream fining at a drainage area of about 10 km2. Analyses of network-wide patterns of unit stream power derived from both channel surveys and digital elevation models rev...
Citations
... To account for lateral migration potential, the degree of channel confinement was estimated at the reach scale, where confinement is expressed in percent form as the ratio between the length of the active channel margins (i.e., the banks) that run along a confining edge (e.g., a hillslope, a terrace, a tributary fan, or a dike) and the total length of the channel banks (Fryirs et al., 2016;O'Brien et al., 2019), including those bounding the modern alluvial floodplain, where resistance to lateral migration is lowest (Fig. S3). To provide a first-order assessment of available energy, local slope (e.g., Hickey et al., 1994) and a specific stream-power index (e.g., Brummer and Montgomery, 2003;Dell'Agnese et al., 2015) were calculated at the reach scale. To explore possible interrelations among "initial" channelreach characteristics as imaged by the 2009 LiDAR survey, we conducted Pearson's linear correlation testing across the 21 study reaches. ...
... Various studies, including field studies [3][4][5][6], experimental studies [7][8][9][10][11], and numerical studies [12][13][14] investigate the effects of pool-riffle bedforms on flow characteristics. In the experimental study of [15], it was found that width contraction causes a local increase in the upstream water level gradient, the production of jet flow in the center of the pool, and the creation of vortices in the turbulent flow area in the downstream of the bed crest. ...
... Wood blockage refers to the ratio of logjam frontal area to channel cross-sectional area. Even a logjam that does not span the entire channel can create sufficient blockage and enough hydraulic roughness to enhance overbank flow and initiate splays or avulsion channels (Brummer et al., 2006;Collins et al., 2012), although channel-spanning jams are more likely to deflect flow overbank and create backwater effects (Jeffries et al., 2003;Livers and Wohl, 2021). Even though multichannel planforms can occur in the absence of wood obstructions, they are more likely to occur where these obstructions are present (Collins et al., 2012). ...
