Arno Schmid's research while affiliated with Research Centre For Agriculture And Forestry Laimburg and other places

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Publications (6)


Abb. 6: Prototyp der Spritzbürste // Prototype of the spray brush.
Bürsten statt blasen. Innovative Applikationstechnik im Weinbau ohne WindunterstützungBrushing vs. airblasting. A windless innovative application technology in viticultureSpazzole al posto dell’aria. Una tecnologia innovativa di applicazione senza vento in viticoltura
  • Article
  • Full-text available

March 2024

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18 Reads

Laimburg Journal

Arno Schmid

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Ewald Lardschneider

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[...]

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Florian Haas

Bei der Durchführung von Pflanzenschutzapplikationen ist es wichtig, die Wirkstoffe optimal auf der Zielfläche zu verteilen. Dies geschieht bei Raumkulturen wie der Rebe meist unter Zuhilfenahme von Gebläsetechnik. Dabei kann es zu verstärkter Abdrift kommen. Um diese zu verringern, wurde eine neuartige Verteilungstechnik für die Pflanzenschutzapplikation in Form von vertikal rotierenden Bürsten entwickelt. Um den Einfluss dieser beiden Verteilungsarten auf die Applikation zu untersuchen, wurden weiters Varianten ohne diese unterstützenden Maßnahmen eingebaut und getestet. Auf den Befall durch Plasmopara viticola hatten dabei alle Behandlungsvarianten die gleiche Wirkung. Sowohl die Unterstützung durch Gebläse sowie rotierende Bürsten erzielten keinen erhöhten Wirkungsgrad. Hinsichtlich Abdrift stellt die neuartige Behandlungstechnik sowohl mit als auch ohne Bürstrotation eine Verbesserung dar. Der Einsatz des Standardsprühgeräts ohne Gebläse trägt auch zu einer deutlichen Minimierung der Abdrift bei.

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Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen Extremwetterereignissen und dem Auftreten von Traubenwelke?Is there a connection between extreme weather events and the occurrence of Berry Shrivel?Esiste una relazione tra eventi meteorologici estremi e la comparsa dell’avvizzimento del grappolo?

October 2023

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5 Reads

Laimburg Journal

Traubenwelke ist eine physiologische Störung der Rebe deren Ursachen nicht eindeutig geklärt sind und die immer wieder zu gravierenden Ertrags- und Qualitätseinbußen führt. Ein Abgleich der Witterungsbedingungen mit dem Welkeaufkommen in den einzelnen Jahren in Südtirol zeigte, dass Phasen mit starker Hitze und fortgeschrittener Trockenheit vor Reifebeginn, die um Reifebeginn in Phasen mit größeren Niederschlägen übergehen, zur Entstehung von Traubenwelke beitragen dürften. Neben der frühzeitigen Ertragsentlastung deutlich vor Reifebeginn, erscheinen die Verbesserung der Bewässerungssteuerung und ein angemessenes Laubwandmanagement mögliche Ansatzpunkte zur Minderung der Schäden durch diese physiologische Störung.


Veränderungen in der Reifeentwicklung der Trauben im Südtiroler Weinbau laut den Daten der jährlichen Reifetests von 1985 bis heuteChanges in the ripening development of grapes in South Tyrolean viticulture according to the data of the annual ripeningtests from 1985 up to nowCambiamenti nello sviluppo della maturazione dell’uva in Alto Adige secondo i dati dei test di maturazione annuali dal 1985 ad oggi

July 2021

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61 Reads

Laimburg Journal

Seit dem Jahr 1985 werden am Versuchszentrum Laimburg alljährlich im Herbst, in den Wochen vor der Reife, bei den wichtigsten Südtiroler Rebsorten Tests durchgeführt, um die Reifesituation zu ermitteln und den Weinbaubetrieben die Planung der Ernte zu erleichtern. Diese Daten stellen zugleich eine interessante Dokumentation der Veränderungen in diesem Zeitraum dar. Neben der Klimaänderung mit einer Zunahme der durchschnittlichen Temperaturen, waren die letzten dreieinhalb Jahrzehnte in Südtirol auch von großen Veränderungen im Weinbau und insbesondere durch das Streben nach höherwertiger Trauben- und Weinqualität geprägt. Derselbe Reifegrad der Trauben wird heute um 19 bis 50 Tage früher erreicht als zu Beginn der Reifetests im Jahre 1985. In den allermeisten Fällen ist eine Reifeverfrühung von etwa 3 Wochen zu erkennen. Aus den vorliegenden Daten kann nicht ermittelt werden wieweit diese Veränderungen auf die veränderten Klimabedingungen oder auf Veränderungen im Anbau zurückzuführen sind. Letztere dürften jedoch auch eine Rolle spielen, insbesondere in den Fällen mit überdurchschnittlicher Reifeverfrühung. Die Gesamtsäurewerte der Moste sind bei gleichem Zuckergehalt nicht abgefallen bzw. sind auch die pH-Werte bei gleichem Zuckergehalt nicht angestiegen. Dies wäre eigentlich, aufgrund der inzwischen wärmeren Bedingungen während der Traubenreife, zu erwarten gewesen. Vielmehr ist es so, dass bei gleichem Zuckergehalt die Gesamtsäurewerte entweder ähnlich geblieben sind oder heute höher liegen als früher. Teilweise sind bei gleichen Gesamtsäurewerten auch die pH-Werte heute niedriger als früher.



Figure 4. Relationships between dates of plant phenological stages and elevation. Dates are normalized to the first vineyard plot entering the respective phenological stage. Elevation is used as a proxy for climate site condition. 
Figure 5. Relationships between different bioclimatic indices and wine grape compounds of Pinot Noir cultivar for the year 2017. Regression lines and correlation coefficient superimposed. 
Figure 6. Heat accumulation groupings using the Winkler bioclimatic index based on an averaged temperature map of the period 1991-2010. 
Upward shifts in elevation - a winning strategy for mountain viticulture in the context of climate change?

June 2018

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309 Reads

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10 Citations

The advent of global climate change has major impacts upon viticultural production. Changes in the spatial limits of wine production are already being observed around the globe; vineyards are now viable at higher elevations and more polar latitudes. Climatic conditions are also threatening production in existing appellations. Therefore, sound management strategies are vital to maintain high-quality wines and varietal typicity, and to respond to changing market conditions. In mountainous regions such as the European Alps, new production areas at higher elevations are increasingly considered to be a promising solution. However, the suitability of viticulture in general, and even specific varieties of wine grapes, can change drastically across short distances in complex mountain terrain. Variations in temperature and radiation accumulation directly influence plant suitability, yield quantity, and quality. This paper shares initial findings from the REBECKA Project, a transnational research initiative designed to assess the impacts of climate change on mountain viticulture and wine quality in South Tyrol (Italy) and Carinthia (Austria). A three-part approach is utilized to better assess these dynamics: (1) historical crop yield data from local vineyards are assessed, (2) plant phenology stages and polyphenolic compounds of the Pinot Noir variety are analyzed along an elevation gradient and related to bioclimatic indices, and (3) a suitability map is developed that considers small-scale topographic and agro-environmental conditions. Taken together, these components contribute in clarifying many of the opportunities and threats facing high altitude viticulture in a changing world and provide new insights for sound decision-making in alpine vineyards.


Figure 1. Altitudinal distribution and size of new vineyard plantings in the Alto Adige wine growing region (IT) since 1997. Pinot Noir variety superimposed in red.
Figure 2. Distribution and size of the eight wine appellations in Alto Adige. Black dots represent locations of selected weather stations.
Figure 5. Relationships between different bioclimatic indices and wine grape compounds of Pinot Noir cultivar for the year 2017. Regression lines and correlation coefficient superimposed. Winkler index region II areas are suited for varieties like Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Gew?rztraminer and Chardonnay.The final Winkler region found in South Tyrol is classified as region III and extends upward to approximately 450 m in the sunniest and warmest areas. These sites are characterized by varieties like Schiava, Lagrein, Merlot and Sauvignon Blanc.
Figure 6. Heat accumulation groupings using the Winkler bioclimatic index based on an averaged temperature map of the period 1991-2010.
Upward shifts in elevation – a winning strategy for mountain viticulture in the context of climate change?

January 2018

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569 Reads

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11 Citations

E3S Web of Conferences

The advent of global climate change has major impacts upon viticultural production. Changes in the spatial limits of wine production are already being observed around the globe; vineyards are now viable at higher elevations and more polar latitudes. Climatic conditions are also threatening production in existing appellations. Therefore, sound management strategies are vital to maintain high-quality wines and varietal typicity, and to respond to changing market conditions. In mountainous regions such as the European Alps, new production areas at higher elevations are increasingly considered to be a promising solution. However, the suitability of viticulture in general, and even specific varieties of wine grapes, can change drastically across short distances in complex mountain terrain. Variations in temperature and radiation accumulation directly influence plant suitability, yield quantity, and quality. This paper shares initial findings from the REBECKA Project, a transnational research initiative designed to assess the impacts of climate change on mountain viticulture and wine quality in South Tyrol (Italy) and Carinthia (Austria). A three-part approach is utilized to better assess these dynamics: (1) historical crop yield data from local vineyards are assessed, (2) plant phenology stages and polyphenolic compounds of the Pinot Noir variety are analyzed along an elevation gradient and related to bioclimatic indices, and (3) a suitability map is developed that considers small-scale topographic and agro-environmental conditions. Taken together, these components contribute in clarifying many of the opportunities and threats facing high altitude viticulture in a changing world and provide new insights for sound decision-making in alpine vineyards.

Citations (2)


... The recent increase in temperature [36] has driven a significant advance in grapevine phenological stages both on the valley floor and in mountain locations [37], and a similar trend is expected in the following years. In this context, the use of higher-altitude vineyards could be a promising option [38][39][40][41] for adaptation to the new climatic conditions. For instance, recent plantings in the Alpine region of Alto Adige are more frequently located at higher altitudes than in the past [40]. ...

Reference:

Alpine Viticulture and Climate Change: Environmental Resources and Limitations for Grapevine Ripening in Valtellina, Italy
Upward shifts in elevation – a winning strategy for mountain viticulture in the context of climate change?

E3S Web of Conferences

... These regions are faced with high exposure and moderate to high sensitivity levels and feasible adaptation strategies will strongly depend on their adaptive capacity. For instance, strategies such as shifting vineyards to higher elevations or exploiting favourable microclimatic niches can be a very effective measure in mountain viticultural areas but may not be geographically possible in other regions 44 . Likewise, expanding the possibility for irrigation can be a promising option, but the high economic burden, intensive labour cost, water, and mechanization requirements, and legal constraints make this option feasible only for a limited number of regions with su cient socio-economic resources 25 . ...

Upward shifts in elevation - a winning strategy for mountain viticulture in the context of climate change?