Ella Shohat's research while affiliated with New York University and other places

... The transnational circulation of popular music and its translation into local musical cultures, therefore, inherently bring 'a politics of race and power' (Gilroy 1993: 103) -acknowledged or not -as part of what musicians and listeners hear, see, interpret and transform. Popular music does not just reflect 'race in translation' (Stam and Shohat 2012); it is race in translation. Some of these translations exemplify as racialised a European colonial imagination as anything from Britain, France, the Netherlands or Germany; yet others have situated the region's national identities in genuine solidarity with the subjects of colonial oppression and the marginalisation of blackness. ...

... Todd's (2003) It is by no means guaranteed that learning outcomes are predictable once emotions are called into play. Shohat and Stam (1996) comment, "A person might "sample" oppression and conclude nothing more than: 'C'est la vie' or 'Thank God it wasn't me!'" (p. 166). ...

... Colonisation gave birth to the destruction and undervaluing of indigenous people's social practices through the domination of mind (Wa Thiong'o 1986). In an attempt to promote European culture during colonialism, indigenous culture and religion were denounced as pagan and inferior (Shohat and Stam 2014). Indigenous knowledge realms, in the form of indigenous uses of medicinal herbs in curing ailments, were subordinated to Western "scientific" medicine, which missionaries introduced to local communities. ...

... The effects of patriarchy and the discontents of migration bring a perceived 'subalternity' (Spivak 1993: 66) from a position of non-identity and non-recognition of agency. I have witnessed colonization and imperialism from histories of oppression and discrimination endured by ancestry, which were taken for granted and normalized by hierarchical power relations and non-thematizing of its effects across generations (Stam and Shohat 2005). Born and raised in an independent nation, I was constantly reminded that access to opportunities and success is achievable through working doubly hard. ...

... Although geographically far apart, and often perceived as culturally opposite, Lebanon and Brazil share a rich history of migration and cultural exchange. The foundations of this relationship can be traced back to the "two 1492s": the Reconquista and the Conquista, or the end of Moorish rule in the Iberian Peninsula and Christopher Columbus's 'discovery' of the New World, which marked the beginning of the European colonial projects in Central and South America and the Caribbean (Shohat and Stam, 2014 introducing the idea of Brazil as a "racial democracy"; a country whose strength and national identity was due to its unique mixture of European, African and indigenous peoples. He, however, also emphasised the importance of the Arab influence on Brazilian culture, claiming that Brazil's transition from Portuguese colonial rule and slave state to tripartite racial democracy was in part thanks to centuries of encounters between the Portuguese and their Moorish rulers and Sephardic fellow citizens. ...

... Cai and Gries (2013), moreover, note that the group can be a nation. Some political scientists have associated narcissism particularly with "a sense of ethnic superiority or hypernationalism" (Pettman 2010, 487) and the kinds of self-love and self-absorption that arguably characterize US patriotism and nationalism (Stam and Shohat 2007). While this literature again mostly focuses on greatness and superiority, de Zavala et al. (2009Zavala et al. ( , 1024 clarify that inflated beliefs of this kind are "unstable" and "difficult to sustain"they are "a strategy to protect a weak and threatened ego" (de Zavala et al. 2009(de Zavala et al. , 1025. ...

... Through these longings we construct ourselves-what kind of people we are, what kind of encounters we want to have, what kind of people we want to meet and consider ourselves to be a part of. Shohat and Stam (1996) implore us to consider our attraction to media texts not only for the presence of the ''ideological effect,'' which serves to maintain existing social relations of a text or medium that impacts audiences, but to also consider ''the kernel of utopian fantasy reaching beyond those relations, whereby the medium constitutes itself as a projected fulfillment of what is desired and absent within the status quo'' (p. 162). ...

... Since at least the 1980s and the emergence of the first significant mobilizations against racism and discrimination (such as the 1981 Lyon riots), debates about the need to reshape the country's relationship with its former African colonies, about the memory of the Algeria war, or about the tensions between universalist and multiculturalist models have cyclically come to the centre of the national debate, on the media as much as in the academia (Wieviorka 1996;Stam, Shohat 2012;Keaton, Sharpley-Whiting, Stovall 2012). Within this context, minorities' demand for stronger political and cultural recognition has often been met with hostility, and described (misleadingly) as an attempt to undermine the Republican principle of 'égalité' by promoting 'diversity'. ...

... O autorretrato After Elizabeth Taylor 1 (Imagem 4)produzido em 1996, como parte da série Actor/Actresses, realizada ao longo dos anos 1990 e composta por releituras de memoráveis personagens da história do cinema interpretadas por atrizes de Hollywoodpartilha, em certa medida, desta crítica às estruturas binárias do discurso (neo) colonial. Em uma releitura da personagem Cleópatra, vivida por Elizabeth Taylor no filme de Joseph Mankiewic, de 1963, a imagem de Morimura se insere no seio de um intenso debate sobre as formas como a rainha Cleópatra incorpora, literalmente, os signos que a cultura ocidental reservou ao Oriente (SHOHAT, 2003). No autorretrato, temos uma Cleópatra trajando um vestido em lamê dourado, com as mãos prostradas sobre os adornos dos cabelos e uma coroa inspirada na representação de rainhas do Egito faraônicoreferências tomadas de empréstimo da suntuosa cena em que a Cleópatra de Elizabeth Taylor chega a Roma para encontrar Júlio César (Imagem 5). ...

... To hide the real objectives, the Americans exploit Saddam Hussein's tyranny against his people to make him a terrorist who must be overthrown so that tension and danger in Iraq and the Middle East would end. Shohat and Stam (2007), opined that the Arab world is inherently performed as a world far away from ″globalised, dramatic modernity.″ Due to this view, war on Iraq is vindicated for introducing democracy and freedom to the country. ...