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Study on engineering properties of bamboo fiber/biochar reinforced epoxy composites rod

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B. Sriram Prasad
B. Sriram Prasad
B. Sriram Prasad
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A. Balaji
A. Balaji
A. Balaji
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In recent years, natural fibers have gained more significance in a variety of civil and industrial applications, such as concrete, beams, and slabs. In addition to producing bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy 16 mm diameter biocomposites rod and biochar filler reinforced epoxy biocomposites, this study used compressive molding. Using the stacking sequence RC, RFC, R1-C, R2-C, and R3-C, five different composite rods were created with 35 weight percent (wt%) BF and BC wt% levels of 1%, 3%, and 5% biochar filler substituted with 65% epoxy. Accordingly, studies on bamboo biocomposite rods using various weight-to-content ratios of biochar filler and fiber have been conducted. To further assess the biocomposites rod, mechanical, physical morphology, and water absorption tests were performed. The results demonstrated that the rod morphologies (SEM) of the filler-reinforced biocomposites rod enhanced the fiber-to-resin bonding, which enhanced the mechanical and physical properties. Compared to the other four biocomposites, the R2-C biocomposite, which contains 3 wt% biochar filler and 35 wt% bamboo fiber, exhibits superior mechanical qualities, including outstanding compressive (84.62 N/mm²), tensile (37.1 MPa) and flexural (62.5 MPa) strength. The density results also showed that R2-C biocomposite had the highest density (1.26 g/cc). This investigation recommended the possibility of introducing bio-fiber obtained from waste agricultural residues into biocomposite rods.
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05754-4
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Study onengineering properties ofbamboo fiber/biochar reinforced
epoxy composites rod
B.SriramPrasad1· A.Balaji2
Received: 30 January 2024 / Revised: 6 May 2024 / Accepted: 9 May 2024
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024
Abstract
In recent years, natural fibers have gained more significance in a variety of civil and industrial applications, such as concrete,
beams, and slabs. In addition to producing bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy 16mm diameter biocomposites rod and biochar
filler reinforced epoxy biocomposites, this study used compressive molding. Using the stacking sequence RC, RFC, R1-C,
R2-C, and R3-C, five different composite rods were created with 35 weight percent (wt%) BF and BC wt% levels of 1%,
3%, and 5% biochar filler substituted with 65% epoxy. Accordingly, studies on bamboo biocomposite rods using various
weight-to-content ratios of biochar filler and fiber have been conducted. To further assess the biocomposites rod, mechani-
cal, physical morphology, and water absorption tests were performed. The results demonstrated that the rod morphologies
(SEM) of the filler-reinforced biocomposites rod enhanced the fiber-to-resin bonding, which enhanced the mechanical and
physical properties. Compared to the other four biocomposites, the R2-C biocomposite, which contains 3 wt% biochar filler
and 35 wt% bamboo fiber, exhibits superior mechanical qualities, including outstanding compressive (84.62N/mm2), ten-
sile (37.1MPa) and flexural (62.5MPa) strength. The density results also showed that R2-C biocomposite had the highest
density (1.26g/cc). This investigation recommended the possibility of introducing bio-fiber obtained from waste agricultural
residues into biocomposite rods.
Keywords Biocomposites rod· Bamboo fiber· Biochar· Epoxy resin· Mechanical strength· Water absorption
1 Introduction
Inadvertently, the building sector contributes much to envi-
ronmental harm. Some locations have seen environmental
degradation, including air and water pollution, as a result of
the quick growth and manufacturing of products like glass,
iron, steel, aluminum, and cement which need finite mineral
resources. Therefore, it is our duty to discover new envi-
ronmentally friendly building methods for development [1].
Conversely, clean, yearly reproducible resources are plants
and fibers. One way to find a solution is to search for a novel
material that is recyclable and reusable.
Natural fiber-reinforced concrete (NFRC) is a type of
concrete in which natural fibers are used to improve its
mechanical properties and durability. Usually, these fibers
come from plants like coir, sisal, jute, hemp, or bamboo.
Natural fibers are becoming more and more common in con-
crete as a sustainable substitute for conventional reinforcing
materials like steel [2, 3]. While there are several benefits
to using natural fiber reinforced concrete, such as increased
durability, decreased weight, and resistance to corrosion,
careful mix design, consideration of project-specific needs
are necessary to guarantee the best results and natural fib-
ers are added to the concrete to enhance the behavior of the
cracked concrete after cracks have formed and to stop or
slow the formation of microcracks in the hardened state.
While selecting a natural fiber type for a given applica-
tion, one should also consider the local climate and envi-
ronmental factors. Utilizing NFRC for fiber distribution,
compatibility, and moisture absorption presents additional
difficulties and factors to take into account [4].
Bamboo is a naturally occurring material that grows very
quickly, is inexpensive, and is readily accessible in India. It
also has excellent constructive capabilities. The production
of composite material goods may be greatly enhanced by the
* B. Sriram Prasad
er.sriramcivil@gmail.com
1 Department ofCivil Engineering, Vandayar Engineering
College, Thanjavur613501, TamilNadu, India
2 Department ofMechanical Engineering, A. V. C College
ofEngineering, Mayiladuthurai609305, TamilNadu, India
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
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