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Carbon Nanotubes as Near Infrared Radiation (NIR) Absorber for Cancer Treatment
Abstract
Objectives: The photo-thermal therapy by nanoparticles has been recently known as an efficient strategy for the cancer treatment. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively studied in biomedical application. They generate significant amounts of heat through high absorption near-infrared light (NIR) which results in the death of cancer cells in a non-invasive manner.
Method: In order to access related studies, the advanced search was done in the databases including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed and google scholar.
Result: Proof-of-principle studies using in vitro and in vivo models indicate that CNTs may help treatment of various diseases (cancer, AIDS, malaria, metabolic diseases).
Discussion and conclusion: CNTs are promising candidates for cancer treatment via thermal therapy. However, it seems more studies should be carried out on animal models in different conditions.
Keywords: Carbon nanotubes, Photo-thermal therapy, Cancer, Near Infrared light
... In addition, CNTs have become a versatile tool for nanomedicine application, particularly in cancer targeting [124]. Due to their tunable surface and unique thermal properties, CNTs can serve as excellent optical absorbers in the near-infrared (NIR) light range, where biological systems are found to be highly transparent [125]. The process of treating cancer cells by laser irradiation mediated by biofunctionalised CNTs is called nanophotothermolysis [126]. ...
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women globally, with the occurrence in Indian patients at early age compared to western world. The traditional treatment approaches for BC include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, which directly affects the quality life of patient. In addition to that, new challenges rise due to the advanced and metastatic tumors in terms of tumor recurrence and drug resistance. With the development of nanomedicines, it raised high expectations for millions of patients as it can provide better, more efficient, and affordable healthcare and it has the potential to develop novel therapeutics for the treatment of solid tumors. Nanoparticles are being actively developed for biomolecular profiling of cancer biomarkers, tumor imaging in vivo, and targeted drug delivery. About 70-80 percent of individuals with the early-stage non-metastatic disease may be cured. Various hybrid nanocarriers such as lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles, inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, metal-organic hybrid nanoparticles, and hybrid carbon nanocarriers are utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. The application of nanomaterials as breast cancer therapy, therapeutics, and diagnostics are known. This review comprehensively discusses the application of nanomaterials as breast cancer therapy and therapeutics. Various drugs used for breast cancer and breast cancer biomarkers are listed. Further various types of nanoparticles used for breast cancer drug delivery, their morphology, use case, importance & short comings were summarized, which highlights the importance of nanoparticles in breast cancer. Graphical Abstract
... They are fullerene allotropes that are classified as single-walled or multi-walled nanotubes based on the single or multiple graphene sheet coverings [146,147]. Due to their chemical stability, tunable surface, unique thermal and electrical properties, they have attracted the scientific community [148]. Chemical functionalization of nanotubes can improve their aqueous solubility. ...
Breast cancer is commonly known life-threatening malignancy in women after lung cancer. The standard of care (SOC) treatment for breast cancer primarily includes surgery, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy is restricted by several limitations such as poor targeting, drug resistance, poor drug delivery, and high toxicity. Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems have gained a lot of interest in the scientific community because of its unique features and promising potential in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. The unique physicochemical and biological properties of the nanoparticulate drug delivery systems promotes the drug accumulation, Pharmacokinetic profile towards the tumor site and thereby, reduces the cytotoxicity towards healthy cells. In addition, to improve tumor-specific drug delivery, researchers have focused on surface engineered nanocarrier system with targeting molecules/ligands that are specific to overexpressed receptors present on cancer cells. In this review, we have summarized the different biological ligands and surface-engineered nanoparticles, enlightening the physicochemical characteristics, toxic effects, and regulatory considerations of nanoparticles involved in treatment of breast cancer.
... In addition, CNTs have become a versatile tool for nanomedicine application, particularly in the cancer targeting [124]. Due to the tunable surface and unique thermal properties, CNTs can serve as excellent optical absorber in near IR (NIR) light where biological systems prove to be highly transparent [125]. And the process to treat cancer cells by laser-irradiation mediated with biofunctionalized CNTs is called nanophotothermolysis [126]. ...
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