Yang Zong

University of Wisconsin–Madison | UW · Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of thyroid nodules is a safe, cost-effective, and accurate diagnostic method for detecting thyroid cancer. However, about 10% of initial FNA biopsy samples from patients are non-diagnostic and require repeated FNA, which delays the diagnosis and appropriate care. On-site evaluation of the FNA sample can be perfor...

Case series Patient: Male, 25-year-old • Female, 58-year-old • Male, 33-year-old Final Diagnosis: Rectal gastric heterotopia Symptoms: Anal pain • hematochezia Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Endoscopic mucosal resection Specialty: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Objective Rare disease Background Gastric heterotopia is a benign entity found thr...

Paired box protein 8 (PAX8) is a transcription factor that is considered a relatively specific marker of carcinomas of the thyroid, kidney, and Müllerian/Wolffian duct derivatives. Unexpected PAX8 immunoreactivity has occasionally been reported in other tumors. The frequency of PAX8 expression in carcinomas of the biliary tract is not well studied....

Introduction: Hematuria can be a distressing and debilitating complication of urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the kidney for patients who are not candidates for surgery or ureteroscopic ablation. We retrospectively assessed the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for controlling gross hematuria in this patient...

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), a clinicopathological entity characterized by malignant prostatic epithelial cells growing within ducts and/or acini, has a distinct architectural pattern, cytological features, and biological behavior. Whereas most IDC-P tumors could be derived from adjacent high-grade invasive cancer via retrograde s...

Introduction: Cytology and cystoscopy are used to detect urothelial carcinoma (UC), but together they still fail to detect some UC cases and are not suitable for screening asymptomatic individuals. Mutations are present in more than 98% of UC, mutations have therapeutic significance, and they can be detected by next generation sequencing (NGS) in...

Animal models of cancer provide fundamental insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of human cancer development. As an alternative to genetically engineered mouse models, increasing evidence shows that tissue recombination and transplantation models represent an efficient approach to faithfully recapitulate solid epithelial cancer in mic...

Cleared mammary fat pad (MFP) transplantation has been a standard technique for studies of mammary development and cancer for several decades. The mammary gland is comprised of several fundamental components: The epithelial compartment contains basal/myoepithelial cells and luminal cells, and the stromal compartment (called the MFP) contains adipoc...

Significance Therapies are urgently needed to treat metastatic prostate cancer. Mutationally activated and wild-type kinases such as BCR-ABL and BTK are effective therapeutic targets in multiple cancers. Genetically altered kinases are rare in prostate cancer. Wild-type kinases may be implicated in prostate cancer progression, but their therapeutic...

An appropriate microenvironment provided by the mesenchyme is important for establishing tissue recombination models for epithelial cancer. Urogenital sinus mesenchymal (UGSM) cells derived from embryonic rodent show potent inductive effects for prostate regeneration. Genetic manipulation of these mesenchymal cells allows us to define the contribut...

Tissue recombination models are useful for studying cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. They also provide an in vivo environment in which to investigate the functional role of stem cells in tissue repair. In this protocol, we describe in detail the dissociated prostate regeneration assay. Dissociated adult murine prostate cells are comb...

Unlabelled: Chronic inflammation has been proposed as an etiological and progression factor in prostate cancer. In this study, we used a dissociated prostate tissue recombination system to interrogate the role of interleukin 6 (IL6) and the related cytokine oncostatin-M (OSM) in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. We identified that...

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy among men in Western countries. Recently the morbidity and mortality of prostate cancer increase dramatically in several oriental countries including China. Rapidly evolving technology in molecular biology such as high-throughput sequencing and integrative analysis of genomic and transcriptomic landscapes have...

Men with advanced prostate cancer are typically treated with hormonal therapy, which leads to tumour shrinkage. However, tumours relapse and develop into the lethal form of the disease, termed castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Two distinct, but not mutually exclusive, models have been proposed in the literature to describe the onset of C...

Significance Increasing evidence supports the notion that an aberrant microenvironment facilitates cancer development. The mechanisms underlying the phenotypic changes and the tumor-promoting function of cancer-associated stroma remain largely unknown. Overexpression of the chromatin remodeling protein Hmga2 in the stroma leads to the formation of...

ABCG2 encodes a transporter protein that is associated with multidrug-resistant phenotypes in many cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML); high levels of expression are generally associated with a poor prognosis. To better understand how expression of ABCG2 is controlled in pediatric AML, we performed a detailed analysis of the ABCG2 trans...

The steroid hormone signaling axis is thought to play a central role in initiation and progression of many hormonally regulated epithelial tumors. It is unclear whether all cancer-initiating signals depend on an intact hormone receptor signaling machinery. To ascertain whether cell autonomous androgen receptor (AR) is essential for initiation of pr...

Identifying the dominant genetic alterations that drive tumorigenesis is essential for developing targeted cancer therapies. Recent work has demonstrated that prostate tumors can be stratified by dominant genetic alterations, such as chromosomal rearrangements involving ETS (Erythroblastosis virus E26 transformation-specific) family transcription f...

Epithelial-specific activation of the PI3-kinase pathway is the most common genetic alteration in type I endometrial cancer. In the majority of these tumors, PTEN expression is lost in the epithelium but maintained in tumor stroma. Currently reported PTEN knockout mouse models initiate type I endometrial cancer concomitant with loss of PTEN in both...

Prevailing theories suggest that luminal cells are the origin of prostate cancer because it is histologically defined by basal cell loss and malignant luminal cell expansion. We introduced a series of genetic alterations into prospectively identified populations of murine basal/stem and luminal cells in an in vivo prostate regeneration assay. Strom...

Chromosomal rearrangements involving erythroblast transformation specific (ETS) family transcription factors were recently defined as the most common genetic alterations in human prostate cancer. Despite their prevalence, it is unclear what quantitative role they play in either initiation or progression of the disease. Using a lentiviral transducti...

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in adult men. It can regress dramatically upon antihormonal therapy, but it often recurs in a more aggressive, androgen-independent form. Defining the prostate tissue stem cells (PrSCs) and their involvement in cancer initiation and maintenance may lead to better therapeutics. Using a tissu...

Leukemia is one of the leading journals in hematology and oncology. It is published monthly and covers all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. Studies of normal hemopoiesis are covered because of their comparative relevance.

ABCG2 encodes a transmembrane transporter associated with multidrug resistance in various cancer cells. ABCG2 is also highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and is down-regulated in most committed progenitors, whereas expression is sharply up-regulated during erythroid differentiation. The mechanisms for regulation of ABCG2 expression...

Leukemia is one of the leading journals in hematology and oncology. It is published monthly and covers all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. Studies of normal hemopoiesis are covered because of their comparative relevance.

ABCG2 encodes a transmembrane transporter associated with multi-drug resistance in various cancer cells. ABCG2 is also highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and is down-regulated in most committed progenitors, while expression is sharply up-regulated during erythroid differentiation and significant levels of protein expression are det...

Selective inhibition of the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase by imatinib has become a first-line therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). However, BCR/ABL-positive progenitors often persist despite treatment, and relapse associated with resistance to imatinib has been described in many patients with advanced disease. Drug efflux by P-glycoprotein (P-...

ABCG2/BCRP is a member of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family and is expressed in intestine, kidney, and liver, where it modulates the absorption and excretion of xenobiotic compounds. ABCG2 is also expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and erythroid cells; however, little is known regarding its role in hematopoiesi...

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) express Mdr1a/1b and Bcrp1/Abcg2, which are members of the ATP binding cassette transporter family. Mice lacking both Mdr1-type genes (Mdr1a and Mdr1b) or Bcrp1 had normal hematopoietic development, but it has been unclear whether Mdr1a/1b and Bcrp1 play redundant roles in hematopoiesis. We generated a mouse model la...