Javier Bajo

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | UPM · Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial

Society is dominated by the era of data; this data is of great importance as it provides a great variety of information about people and their context. One of the tools that provide great information about users is social networks; therefore, Twitter is one of the most used social networks and has great relevance in the world of politics. Thus, ext...

The use of computer vision techniques to detect objects in images has grown in recent years. These techniques are especially useful to automatically extract and analyze information from an image or a sequence of them. One of the problems addressed by computer vision is multi-object tracking over frames sequences. To know the path and direction of o...

The maintenance of roads during the winter period is a determining factor in providing safety for road users. During the last few years, sensors have been installed in the Spanish State Road Network that generate data that help to make decisions about the treatments to be applied to avoid the formation of ice slabs and other dangers derived from ad...

The purpose of this work is to provide a technological and innovative solution to help solve situations of lack or difficulty of prediction, organization and management of maintenance actions on roads. One of the most common reasons why these actions are triggered are weather conditions. The system will allow the user to access the web portal, brow...

Case-Based Reasoning models are one of the most used reasoning paradigms in expert-knowledge-driven areas. One of the most prominent fields of use of these systems is the medical sector, where explainable models are required. However, these models are considerably reliant on user input and the introduction of relevant curated data. Deep learning ap...

Mobile sensing systems based on smartphones, connected vehicles and integrated sensors on new mobile devices have become an important alternative for the development of intelligent services in large urban environments. Massive data collection and its real-time analysis are essential for big cities to move towards energy efficiency, sustainable mobi...

The failure of composite resin restorations in the posterior region is an ongoing concern in current clinical practice This study assesses possible factors and causes of the failure of restoration 1 year after their placement by fourth year dental students (on a 5-year degree course). While the systematic assessment of dental students does not appe...

The agent paradigm and multi-agent systems are a perfect match for the design of smart cities because of some of their essential features such as decentralization, openness, and heterogeneity. However, these major advantages also come at a great cost. Since agents' mental states are hidden when the implementation is not known and available, intelli...

Synesthesia is a neurological phenomenon in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. Many synesthetes used their capabilities as inspiration for their works. Drawing on this phenomenon, this paper presents a model able to create chord progressions usi...

The deployment of a charging infrastructure to cover the increasing demand of electric vehicles (EVs) has become a crucial problem in smart cities. Additionally, the penetration of the EV will increase once the users can have enough charging stations. In this work, we tackle the problem of locating a set of charging stations in a smart city conside...

Mobile phones, vehicles, appliances, and other types of devices have sensors in the last few years. On the good side, this makes the world increasingly interconnected every day. However, this interconnection generates Big Data that cannot be processed using traditional tools because of its volume, variety, and speed. This paper contributes with a r...

In non-cooperative multi-agent planning environments, it is essential to have a system that enables the agents’ strategic behavior. It is also important to consider all planning phases, i.e., goal allocation, strategic planning, and plan execution, in order to solve a complete problem. Currently, we have no evidence of the existence of any framewor...

Urban mobility efficiency is of utmost importance in big cities. Taxi vehicles are key elements in daily traffic activity. The advance of ICT and geo-positioning systems has given rise to new opportunities for improving the efficiency of taxi fleets in terms of waiting times of passengers, cost and time for drivers, traffic density, CO2 emissions,...

In the state of the art, there are very few studies on agent-based Cloud Computing. Nevertheless, this is an emerging trend and the number of studies and applications in this field is beginning to increase. Cloud Computing and Agents are complementary technologies. The features of Cloud Computing can provide advanced computational characteristics t...

Social services intend to aid disadvantaged, distressed, or vulnerable persons or groups. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), which are important technologies to leverage Internet of Things and Big Data, have not been considered to support intelligent social services in Smart Cities. Using technology to achieve more responsive, efficient,...

Until now, the level of attention of a worker has been evaluated through his/her productivity: the more one produces, the better his/her attention at work. First, the worst aspect about this approach is that it only points out a potential decrease of attention after a productivity loss. An approach that could point out, in advance, upcoming breaks...

Recent researches have proved a direct relationship between data gathered from retinal images and some pathologies such as hypertension or diabetes. There are a lot of studies that propose methods used in this particular area of investigation. They are based on image processing algorithms to extract retinal information, but there is no general acce...

Nowadays, when it comes to achieving goals in business environments or educational environments, the performance successfully has an important role in performing a task. However, this performance can be affected by several factors. One of the most common is the lack of attention. The individual’s attention in performing a task can be determinant fo...

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the authors and the Editor-in-Chief.Since publication of thepaper, the corresponding author has become aware of content duplication with a Mast...

Nowadays, the world is getting increasingly competitive and the quality and the amount of the work presented are one of the decisive factors when choosing an employee. It is no longer necessary to only perform but, to achieve a product with quality, on time, at the lowest possible cost and with the minimum resources. For this reason, the employee m...

Data Science is an interdisciplinary field devoted to extract knowledge from large amounts of data. There is a great variety of pro- grams that address the teaching of this field with a growing demand of professionals. However, data science pedagogy tends to emphasize gen- eral aspects of data and the use of tools instead of the its scientific dime...

New solutions for managing waste have emerged due to the rise of Smart Cities and the Internet of Things. These solutions can also be applied in rural environments, but they require the deployment of a low cost and low consumption sensor network which can be used by different applications. Wireless technologies such as LoRa and low consumption micr...

In the last ten years, social networks have had a great influence on people’s lifestyles and have changed, above all, the way users communicate and relate. This is why, one of the main lines of research in the field of social networks focuses on finding and analyzing possible connections between users. These developments allow users to expand on th...

The control of consumption in homes and workplaces is an increasingly important aspect if we consider the growing popularity of smart cities, the increasing use of renewable energies, and the policies of the European Union on using energy in an efficient and clean way. These factors make it necessary to have a system that is capable of predicting w...

Context-aware monitoring systems designed for e-Health solutions and ambient assisted living (AAL) play an important role in today’s personalized health-care services. The majority of these systems are intended for the monitoring of patients’ vital signs by means of bio-sensors. At present, there are very few systems that monitor environmental cond...

There has been continuous research in the energy distribution sector because of its huge impact on modern societies. Nonetheless, aerial high voltage power lines are still supported by old transmission towers which involve some serious risks. Those risks may be avoided with periodic and expensive reviews. The main objective of this work is to reduc...

Nowadays, many citizens have busy days that make finding time for physical activity difficult. Thus, it is important to provide citizens with tools that allow them to introduce physical activity into their lives as part of the day’s routine. This article proposes an app for an electric pedal-assist-system (PAS) bicycle that increases the pedaling i...

This paper proposes a multi agent system that provides visualization and prediction tools for bike sharing systems (BSS). The presented multi-agent system includes an agent that performs data collection and cleaning processes, it is also capable of creating demand forecasting models for each bicycle station. Moreover, the architecture offers API (A...

Precision breeding techniques have been widely used to optimize expenses and increase livestock yields. Notwithstanding, the joint use of heterogeneous sensors and artificial intelligence techniques for the simultaneous analysis or detection of different problems that cattle may present has not been addressed. This study arises from the necessity t...

In the last years, the development of robots is entering a new stage where the focus is placed on interaction with people in their daily environments. With the improvement of more and more complex robots to be used in rehabilitation, heath care, service or other applications, robot-human interaction is a rapidly growing area of research. This chapt...

The rapid progress of technologies has enabled the development of innovative environment in learning activities when the student used computer devices with access to Internet. The goal of this paper is to propose an ambient intelligent (AmI) system, directed at the teacher that indicates the level of attention of the students in the class when it r...

The use of distributed multi-agent systems (MAS) have increased in recent years, with the growing potential to handle large volumes of data and coordinate the operations of many organizations. In these systems, each agent independently handles a set of specialized tasks and cooperates to achieve the goals of the system and a high degree of flexibil...

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, PAAMS 2018, held in Toledo, Spain, in June 2018. The 20 regular and 19 demo papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. They deal with the application and validation o...

This paper investigates a particular data mining problem which is to ‘identify’ an unknown number of targets based on homogeneous observations that are collected via multiple independent sources. This particular clustering problem corresponds to a significant problem of multi-target detection in the multi-sensor/scan context. No prior information i...

The use of electric bikes (e-bikes) has grown in popularity, especially in large cities where overcrowding and traffic congestion are common. This paper proposes an intelligent engine management system for e-bikes which uses the information collected from sensors to optimize battery energy and time. The intelligent engine management system consists...

Attention is a very important cognitive and behavioral process, by means of which an individual is able to focus on a single aspect of information, while ignoring others. In a time in which we are drawn in notifications, beeps, vibrations and blinking messages, the ability to focus becomes increasingly important. This is true in many different doma...

This paper proposes a predictive dispatch model to manage energy flexibility in the domestic energy system. Electric Vehicles (EV), batteries and shiftable loads are devices that provide energy flexibility in the proposed system. The proposed energy management problem consists of two stages: day-ahead and real time. A hybrid method is defined for t...

Nowadays, the rise of social networks and the continuous storage of large of information are topical issue. But the main problem is not the storage itself, is the ability to process most of this information, so that it is not stored in vain. In this way, using the shared images within the scope of social networks, possible relationships between use...

Monitoring mechanisms that ensure efficient crop growth are essential on many farms, especially in certain areas of the planet where water is scarce. Most farmers must assume the high cost of the required equipment in order to be able to streamline natural resources on their farms. Considering that many farmers cannot afford to install this equipme...

The early detection and monitoring of kidney disease continues being an important problem in medicine. The diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease usually require expensive medical equipment that is difficult to install. Patients or medical centers may not always be able to afford such equipment. This work proposes the creation of a w...

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the nine workshops co-located with the 15th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, PAAMS 2017, held in Porto, Portugal, in June 2017. The 41 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The volume presents the papers t...

The theory of agents and multiagent systems can provide a new model for managing Cloud Computing systems based on the distribution of responsibilities, flexibility and autonomy. Managing the functions of the nucleus of a CC system through an agent-based model allows the resulting platforms to be much more efficient, scalable and adaptable than they...

Monitoring and managing attention in the classroom is nowadays an important aspect where the level of learner’s attention affects learning results. When students are using devices connected to the Internet in learning activities in which they send and received notifications, beeps, and vibrations and blinking messages, the ability to focus becomes...

In the current world, performance is one of the most important issues concerning work and competition. Performance is strongly connected with learning and when it comes to acquiring new knowledge, attention is one the most important mechanisms as the level of the learner’s attention affects learning results. When students are doing learning activit...

The aim of social computing is to analyse the concept of social nature and design digital systems that share information between machines and users. The insights given by social computing can be applied to easily construct creative systems. As a case study, this paper presents a social machine implemented as a virtual organization where humans and...

Human beings make decisions on a daily basis according to their social environment. Social information given by such social contexts provides the basis for inferences, planning and coordination of any activity. Social machines aim to incorporate this concept of social nature and make it possible to design digital systems that make information visib...

Advanced multi-sensor systems are expected to combat the challenges that arise in object recognition and state estimation in harsh environments with poor or even no prior information, while bringing new challenges mainly related to data fusion and computational burden. Unlike the prevailing Markov-Bayes framework that is the basis of a large variet...

This work presents an innovative agent based platform specially designed to simulate human activity at any urban area environment (buildings, apartments, houses, offices, gardens, parks, small residential areas, etc.) and manage data from sensors. The platform uses 3D models of the environment to perform accurate simulations, while simultaneously s...

Using the O.D.D. (Overview, Design concepts, Detail) protocol, this title explores the role of agent-based modeling in predicting the feasibility of various approaches to sustainability. The chapters incorporated in this volume consist of real case studies to illustrate the utility of agent-based modeling and complexity theory in discovering a path...

The use of distributed multi-agent systems (MAS) have increased in recent years, with the growing potential to handle large volumes of data and coordinate the operations of many organizations. In these systems, each agent independently handles a set of specialized tasks and cooperates to achieve the goals of the system and a high degree of flexibil...

The evolution of ambient intelligence systems has allowed for the development of adaptable systems. These systems trace user's habits in an automatic way and act accordingly, resulting in a context aware system. The goal is to make these systems adaptable to the user's environment, without the need for their direct interaction. This paper proposes...

Advances in bioinformatics have contributed towards a significant increase in available information. Information analysis requires the use of distributed computing systems to best engage the process of data analysis. This study proposes a multiagent system that incorporates grid technology to facilitate distributed data analysis by dynamically inco...

Cloud Computing paradigm continues growing very quickly. The underlying computational infrastructure has to cope with this increase on the demand and the high number of end-users. To do so, platforms usually use mathematical models to allocate the computational resource among the offered services to the end-user. Although these mathematical models...

There has been multiple research in the energy distribution sector over the last years because of the significant impact in societies. However, the use of aerial high voltage power lines involves some risks that may be avoided with periodic reviews. The objective of this work is to reduce the number of these reviews to reduce the maintenance cost o...

The collection, storage, management, and anticipation of contextual information about the user to support decision-making constitute some of the key operations in most Ambient Intelligent (AmI) systems. When the instructor has a computer-based class it is often difficult to confirm if the students are working in the proposed activities. In order to...

The massive diffusion of smartphones, the growing interest in wearable devices and the Internet of Things, and the exponential rise of location based services (LBSs) have made the problem of localization and navigation inside buildings one of the most important technological challenges of recent years. Indoor positioning systems have a huge market...

Erratum to: S. Omatu et al. (eds.), Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, 13th International Conference, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing DOI: 10. 1007/ 978-3-319-40162-1 In the original version, the volume editor’s name was misspelled in the copyright page. The correct name is Ali Selamat

Multi-estimate extraction (MEE), also referred to as displaying tracks, lies at the core of any multi-target tracking systems, but remains a challenge for the sequential Monte Carlo implementation of the probability hypothesis density (SMC-PHD) filter. In this paper, we recall decision and association techniques to distinguish real measurements of...

4:1! Google’s artificial intelligence (AI) program, AlphaGo, has won Go Master Lee Sedol in a best-of-five competition held in Korean March 9−15, 2016. Seen by many as a landmark moment for AI, the outcome did not come as a surprise, considering the excellent combination of 1920 CPUs with sophisticated AI algorithms, including neural networks and M...

The general solution for dynamic state estimation is to model the system as a hidden Markov process and then employ a recursive estimator of the prediction–correction format (of which the best known is the Bayesian filter) to statistically fuse the time-series observations via models. The performance of the estimator greatly depends on the quality...

The field of odontology requires an appropriate adjustment of treatments according to the circumstances of each patient. A follow-up treatment for a patient experiencing problems from a previous procedure such as endodontic therapy, for example, may not necessarily preclude the possibility of extraction. It is therefore necessary to investigate new...

This paper presents a dynamic multi-agent system for monitoring Alzheimer patients' health care in execution time in geriatric residences. The system architecture implements autonomous deliberative case-based agents with reasoning and planning capabilities, with the ability to operate in wireless devices and capable of obtaining information about t...

In this article we focus on a new field of application of ICT techniques and technologies in learning activities. With these activities with computer platforms, attention allows us to break down the problem of understanding a speculative scenario into a series of computationally less demanding and localized lack of attention. The system considers t...

This paper presents an adaptive platform that can simulate the centralized control of different smart city areas. For example, public lighting and intelligent management, public zones of buildings, energy distribution, etc. It can operate the hardware infrastructure and perform optimization both in energy consumption and economic control from a mod...

There has been continuous research in the energy distribution sector over the last years because of its significant impact in modern societies. Nonetheless, the use of high voltage power lines transport involves some risks that may be avoided with periodic reviews. The objective of this work is to reduce the number of these periodic reviews so that...

During recent years, research in smart cities and internet of the things has acquired a notable relevance. Current research is mainly focused on wireless sensor networks and data analysis. However, it is still necessary to provide new solutions for social problems based on mobile intelligent devices connected to the city. Mobility is a key factor f...

Attention is strongly connected with learning and when it comes to acquiring new knowledge, attention is one the most important mechanisms. The learner’s attention affects learning results and can define the success or failure of a student. The negative effects are especially significant when carrying out long or demanding tasks, as often happens i...

The 13th International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence 2016 (DCAI 2016) is a forum to present applications of innovative techniques for studying and solving complex problems. The exchange of ideas between scientists and technicians from both the academic and industrial sector is essential to facilitate the development...

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the seven workshops co-located with the 14th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, PAAMS 2016, held in Sevilla, Spain, in June 2016.The 37 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 77 submissions. The volume presents the papers th...

resampling is a critical procedure that is of both theoretical and practical significance for efficient implementation of the particle filter. To gain an insight of the resampling process and the filter, this paper contributes in three further respects as a sequel to the tutorial (Li et al., 2015). First, identical distribution (ID) is established...

A Cloud Computing system must readjust its resources by taking into account the demand for its services. This raises the need for designing protocols that provide the individual components of the Cloud architecture with the ability to self-adapt and to reach agreements in order to deal with changes in the services demand. Furthermore, if the Cloud...

In this paper, we consider a special multi-source data clustering problem for which the data-points from the same source cannot be grouped into the same cluster, namely cannot link (CL) constraint, and the sizes of the generated clusters are subject to maximum thresholds. No prior information is given about the level of clutter (namely noisy data)...

Since the groundbreaking work of the Kalman filter in the 1960s, considerable effort has been devoted to discrete time filters for dynamic state estimation, especially including a variety of suboptimal implementations of the Bayesian filter. The essence of the Bayesian filter is to make the (sub)optimum fusion of the observation information in time...

Practical applications of multi-agent systems have acquired a growing relevance during last years. This kind of system is based on distributed artificial intelligence and they pay special attention to organizational concepts, This allows a more realistic design of artificial societies. In this paper, we are presenting a multi-agent system based on...

Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors are used to measure and classify odors. This kind of system requires both advanced sensor design and classification techniques. In this paper we present a MOGS (Metal Oxide Gas Sensor) specifically designed to classify the breath of humans. We propose an architecture that incorporates new sensing technology and...

Indoor localization constitutes one of the main pillars for the provision of context-aware services in e-Healthcare systems. Fingerprinting and ranging have traditionally been placed facing each other to meet the localization requirements. However, accurate fingerprinting may worth the exhaustive calibration effort in some critical areas while easy...

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the workshops which complemented the 13th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, PAAMS 2015, held in Salamanca, Spain, in June 2015. The36 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from91 submissions. This volume presents the pa...

This paper investigates the problem of using a large number of independent, identical sensors jointly for multi-object detection and estimation (MODE), namely massive sensor MODE. This is significantly different to the general target tracking using few sensors. The massive sensor data allows very accurate estimation in theory (but may instead go co...