Question
Asked 24th Jan, 2018
  • Technological University of the Shannon Athlone

How to prevent Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) precipitating in growth broth?

I am trying to determine the MIC of Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) against a number of bacterial strains using broth micro/macro dilutions method.
I prepared the AgNO3 in distilled water to a concentration of 1M. When I added this to my growth broth, it immediately forms a precipitate.
I initially used Tryptic soy broth and thought it was the salt content of the broth causing the precipitation, so I then tried Mueller-Hinton (MH) broth, and Mueller-Hinton-II (MH-II) broth (cation adjusted). Using my initially prepared AgNO3 solution, no precipitation occurred.
I then prepared a fresh stock of 1M AgNO3 solution in order to preform a MIC, but this solution formed precipitate upon addition to the MH broth.
The precipitate formed is white and heavy. This gives the impression it's AgCl, but with no NaCl in MH broths, I'm not sure how it could be forming.
Ideally, I need a broth that will not cause precipitation, or any additive I could use to prevent precipitation without having any adverse effects on the bacteria samples.
Any advice on this issue would be greatly appreciated!

Most recent answer

Kevin Masterson
Technological University of the Shannon Athlone
Thank you Dr. Boekema! The 28% w/v PEG 400, 26% w/v sorbitol worked perfectly! I dissolved the AgNO3 to 3% and diluted in PBS. There was still some precipitate seen up to 1% AgNO3, but below this there was no trace of precipitate. Assaying the PEG 400 and sorbitol alone also gave zero toxic effects to bacterial cellls.

All Answers (8)

Khaleel A Abu-Sbeih
Al-Hussein Bin Talal University
If your solution is not acidic enough, Ag2O might get precipitated out.
Bouke Boekema
Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, Netherlands
We've used silver nitrate by diluting it in 28% w/v PEG 400, 26% w/v sorbitol to a maximum of 3% AgNO3 and used this for dilutions (up to 10-4) in MIC/MBC assays.
2 Recommendations
Ag2O is a dark black compound. May be you have another source of chloride ions different from NaCl or other halides (Br-, I-). You should check for these. Sometimes aminoacids are used in the form of chlorhydrate derivatives.
1 Recommendation
Antony V. Samrot
Manipal University College Malaysia
you can try with surfactants for keeping them dispersed.
Deepanjalee Dutta
Universität Bremen
If possible you can try with LB media , Should work i guess
Kevin Masterson
Technological University of the Shannon Athlone
Thank you for all your suggestions!
Alessandro, you were correct. I looked into the MH broth composition further, it contains HCL hydrolysed casein as a amino acid supply which produces Cl- salts as part of its production process.
I will try to get in PEG 400 and sorbitol to prepare as suggested. I am also looking into the possible use of surfactants. As I have it already on use I will prepare a LB media with no/trace amounts of NaCl
Please keep us informed about developments for solving this problem.
Kevin Masterson
Technological University of the Shannon Athlone
Thank you Dr. Boekema! The 28% w/v PEG 400, 26% w/v sorbitol worked perfectly! I dissolved the AgNO3 to 3% and diluted in PBS. There was still some precipitate seen up to 1% AgNO3, but below this there was no trace of precipitate. Assaying the PEG 400 and sorbitol alone also gave zero toxic effects to bacterial cellls.

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I am not able to see drug permeation in MDCK cell permeability experiment, could anybody suggest if I need to modify the protocol?
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2 answers
  • Arvind BagdeArvind Bagde
Hello,
Greetings!
I am conducting a MDCK cell permeability assay.Below is the protocol I followed :
1. In the apical region, 100 ul cell suspension containing about 33,000 cells were seeded in each insert in 24 well transwell plate (6.5mm transwell insert diameter, 0.33 cm2 insert membrane growth area and 3um pore size).
2. 0.6 ml of media (EMEM with L-glutamine) was added in the basolateral region.
3. Media was replaced each day in both apical and basolateral region.
4. On 7th day, Lucifer dye assay was conducted. 3 wells were used for lucifer assay. Briefly, inserts (appeal region) and basolateral region were washed with prewarmed HBSS. 100ul of 100ug/ml of Lucifer dye solution in HBSS was added in the apical region. 600ul of HBSS was added in the basolateral region. Samples from basolateral region were collected after an hour and checked for the fluorescence.
Results showed no permeation of lucifer dye after an hour.
5. Now, for permeability assay, first, the inserts were washed with HBSS and then added 100 ul HBSS in apical and 600 ul in basolateral region and kept for 30 min in the incubator for equilibration.
6. 100 ul of nanoformulation and free drug control formulation (containing 100ug drug) was then added in each inserts and kept on the belly dancer (slow shaker to avoid the stagnant layer).
7. 200 ul Samples were then taken and replaced with fresh HBSS at 30 min, 1 hr, 2h, 3h, 4h and 24 hour.
8. All the samples were analyzed using LCMS.
9. Results showed no permeation at 30 min, 1 hr, 2h, 3h and 4h from both nano formulation and control formulation. However, it showed permeation at 24 hr with 2.23% from nano formulation and 1.22% from control.
10. Results also showed, about 3% drug was left in the apical region. Meaning, about 93% drug is stuck (or absorbed) in the cells.
Could anybody suggest if I am missing any step in the protocol?
Thank you so much.

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