How to connect Newport's Keithley SMU to perovskite solar cell to measure efficiency?

KCl treatment perovskite solar cell is widely used for surface passivation purpose. I am working on KCl treatment of SnO2 layer. Can you kindly let me know the mechanisms and physics involved behind doing the KCl treatment in terms varios dopants, anneling temeprature, processing conditions of the layer?

Thank you

Dear all,

I have submitted my research article to Environment, Development and Sustainability (Springer) 3 weeks ago. It took five days for getting the "Editor assigned" status after my submission and still it remains as same for more than 2 weeks. The article has not yet been sent for review yet.

I would like to welcome your responses.

I have prepared thin film of SnO2 from SnCl2.2H2O and Ethanol. Its band gap is constantly falling in the value of around 3.8eV when drawn from the direct band gap equation of the Tauc Plot. However when indirect band gap equation was used, the band gap was found to be around 3.6eV. So is there any difference or does the value is lying correctly in both cases?

If anyone have any idea suggest me please..

I'm trying to make SnO2 colloidal dispersion in Iso-propanol by using SnO2 powder for electron transport layer but unable to do so as the powder keep settling down. What should I do to get a proper dispersion?

Recently I am getting low performance (PCE and FF) and weird J-V curves on Pb-Sn-based perovskite solar cells. I have been trying to solve this for a couple of weeks now. I will like any suggestion that might help

I am making SnO2 layer by spin coating method using 3.75wt% SnO2 nano particles in DI water. The spin coating speed is 3000 rpm for 30 seconds. I am using low temperature annealing process method. Every time I get SnO2 layer with cracks and pinholes. Can any one guide me how this issue can be resolved? What are the factors that I need to observe?

Many thanks.

Hi, I'm a new researcher in perovskite solar cells. Recently I'm working on the basic perovskite solar cell fabrication using SnO2 as ETL. My device is planar structure with CsFAMA recipe and sprio-OMeTAD as HTL. I use "Tin(IV) oxide, 15% in H2O colloidal dispersion" from Alfa Aesar as ETL precursor and dilute it with water (1:7). Then spin coat it on FTO by 4000 rpm (dynamic spin coating). However the problem I met is that this ETL recipe dies not always work. On only one batch, I got good performance (> 15%). On other occasion, the ETL showed short circuit which makes the device fail. I repeated several times and it turns out the problem comes from SnO2. Because every device on TiO2 ETL works.

Here I sincerely ask some points that I need to pay attention to during Tin oxide ETL preparation from experienced researchers. Is my concentration too low? (If so, I still made one batch works.) Do I need long ultrasonication time? Could I filtrate the solution with 0.22 μm PES filter? Is there some thing I missed during the ETL fabrication? Because from the literature, the information is limited: "For SnO2 nanoparticles films, the diluted SnO2 nanoparticles

solution (2.67%) was spin coated on glass/ITO substrates in ambient air, and then annealed at 150 C for 30 min".

Thank you for the help.

What thickness (or range of thickness) will be beneficial for MaF2 anti-reflection coating over SLG glass substrate for CdTe based Superstrate solar cell? What can be the possible effects of ARC thickness variation?