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p63 expression in (a) Grade I oral squamous cell carcinoma, (b) Grade II oral squamous cell carcinoma, (c) Grade III oral squamous cell carcinoma, (d) Normal oral mucosa (immunoperoxidase, original magnification ×400) d c
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Background: Oral cancer remains one of the most debilitating and disfiguring of all malignancies. The survival rates for oral cancer vary, depending on several factors. Although p63 is an accepted prognostic marker in various other carcinomas, no consensus has been obtained till date regarding the applicability of p63 as a prognostic marker in head...
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... staining patterns were observed for p63 expression in OSCCs. It was observed that the pattern of staining differs between the grading of neoplasms. Grade I neoplasms [ Figure 1a] showed a varied range of p63 expression (range: 34.31%-87.91%; mean = 56.05%). In Grade II neoplasms [ Figure 1b], the mean % p63 expression was higher when compared to Grade I OSCCs (mean: 74.29%; range: 61.47-83.6%) and lesser when compared to poorly differentiated neoplasms (Group III) [ Figure 1c] which showed the most intense and diffuse labeling (mean: 82.89%; range: 61.29%-91.79%) [ Table 2]. Staining for p63 was not detected in the keratin pearl areas in both Grade I and Grade II ...
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... staining patterns were observed for p63 expression in OSCCs. It was observed that the pattern of staining differs between the grading of neoplasms. Grade I neoplasms [ Figure 1a] showed a varied range of p63 expression (range: 34.31%-87.91%; mean = 56.05%). In Grade II neoplasms [ Figure 1b], the mean % p63 expression was higher when compared to Grade I OSCCs (mean: 74.29%; range: 61.47-83.6%) and lesser when compared to poorly differentiated neoplasms (Group III) [ Figure 1c] which showed the most intense and diffuse labeling (mean: 82.89%; range: 61.29%-91.79%) [ Table 2]. Staining for p63 was not detected in the keratin pearl areas in both Grade I and Grade II ...
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... staining patterns were observed for p63 expression in OSCCs. It was observed that the pattern of staining differs between the grading of neoplasms. Grade I neoplasms [ Figure 1a] showed a varied range of p63 expression (range: 34.31%-87.91%; mean = 56.05%). In Grade II neoplasms [ Figure 1b], the mean % p63 expression was higher when compared to Grade I OSCCs (mean: 74.29%; range: 61.47-83.6%) and lesser when compared to poorly differentiated neoplasms (Group III) [ Figure 1c] which showed the most intense and diffuse labeling (mean: 82.89%; range: 61.29%-91.79%) [ Table 2]. Staining for p63 was not detected in the keratin pearl areas in both Grade I and Grade II ...
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... human oral mucous epithelium had a basal and parabasal pattern of p63 expression. The labeling was only nuclear, with nuclei showing an intense staining, stronger in the basal layer with respect to the parabasal layer (with nuclei of the parabasal layer showing only a faint staining). In general, keratinocytes of suprabasal layers were not immunolabeled by anti-p63 antibody although a slight expression of p63 was recorded in some areas [ Figure 1d]. Thus, normal epithelium included a mean of 20.86% (range: 9.26%-36.59%) of stained ...
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... labeling was only nuclear, with nuclei showing an intense staining, stronger in the basal layer with respect to the parabasal layer (with nuclei of the parabasal layer showing only a faint staining). In general, keratinocytes of suprabasal layers were not immunolabeled by anti-p63 antibody although a slight expression of p63 was recorded in some areas [ Figure 1d]. Thus, normal epithelium included a mean of 20.86% (range: 9.26%-36.59%) of stained cells. ...
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... was observed that the pattern of staining differs between the grading of neoplasms. Grade I neoplasms [ Figure 1a] showed a varied range of p63 expression (range: 34.31%-87.91%; mean = 56.05%). ...
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... = 56.05%). In Grade II neoplasms [ Figure 1b], the mean % p63 expression was higher when compared to Grade I OSCCs (mean: 74.29%; range: 61.47-83.6%) and lesser when compared to poorly differentiated neoplasms (Group III) [ Figure 1c] which showed the most intense and diffuse labeling (mean: 82.89%; range: 61.29%-91.79%) ...
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... Grade II neoplasms [ Figure 1b], the mean % p63 expression was higher when compared to Grade I OSCCs (mean: 74.29%; range: 61.47-83.6%) and lesser when compared to poorly differentiated neoplasms (Group III) [ Figure 1c] which showed the most intense and diffuse labeling (mean: 82.89%; range: 61.29%-91.79%) [ Table 2]. ...
Citations
... Cancer occurrence involves several steps requiring the accumulation of the defects of genetic and epigenetic factors as well as the clonal expansion of these affected cells resulting in their abnormal expression, growth rate and function (1,2) . A lot of predisposing factors can increase the incidence for the oral cancer occurrence as tobacco in its various ways smoked, smokeless, alone or in combination with alcohol drinking, viruses especially the human papilloma virus and oral potentially malignant lesions (3) . ...
... 13 In headneck and oral squamous cell carcinoma p63 expression increased significantly with increasing grade of SCC. 14,15 In esophageal and skin SCC no association was noted with grade. 16,17 Very few studies were performed incorporating p63 and cervical neoplastic lesions, none of these commented on association with grade. ...
Background: Cervical cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Persistent infection with High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been the main cause of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia which in turn leads to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. p63 is necessary for the activation of HPV, epithelial proliferation and differentiation. It also regulates the expression of certain cell cycle regulators. It has been reported that, from CIN I to CIN III, p63 expression increases progressively from basal layer to surface. In squamous cell carcinoma, it is expressed throughout the entire thickness of the tumor. Thereby it plays a significant role in diagnosing cervical premalignant and malignant lesions. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of p63 expression with different grades of CIN & invasive SCC. Method: Total 86 paraffin embedded tissue blocks of histopathologically diagnosed cases of CIN and cervical cancer were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for p63 expression. The study was performed in Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka (from March, 2018 to February, 2020). Statistical analyses were carried out by using SPSS version 22 for Windows. A descriptive analysis was performed for all data. Observations were indicated by frequencies and percentages. Statistical significance was set at “p” value <0.05. Results: Present study showed progressive increase in p63 expression from CIN I to CIN III from basal layer to surface. In invasive squamous cell carcinoma, higher expression of p63 was noted throughout the entire thickness of the tumor. No expression was seen in cervical adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. In adenosquamous carcinoma only the area showing squamous differentiation revealed positive p63 expression. Statistically significant association of p63 expression was found with parity of patients and among grades of CIN . Conclusion: The results of this current study revealed that, p63 has significant association among different grades of CIN. It is also a useful marker in confirming a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma & predicting the progression of a squamous neoplastic lesion from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, it is useful to differentiate invasive squamous cell carcinoma from cervical adenocarcinoma. Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2021; 29(2): 141-146
Oral mucosal cancer is a type of cancer that develops from the lining of the oral cavity (mucosa). The main risk factors are smoking and drinking alcohol. The pathogenesis of oral mucosal cancer involves various interrelated etiologies such as smoking and alcohol consumption, human papilloma virus (HPV), and patients who have undergone hemopoietic stem cell transplants (stem cell transplants). Meanwhile, it does not rule out the possibility of internal factors such as genetics. There are several types of oral mucosal cancer, but oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of oral cancer and represents more than 90% of all head and neck cancers. Immunohistochemical examination of the Oral squamous cell carcinoma smear biopsy material which included examination of antibodies in the form of cytokeratin, CDT1, Ki-67, Geminin, Mcm2, γ-H2A/ histone family member X and Aurora-A, BCL-2, VEGF, p53, p63, p,73, Prb, c-erbB2 or HER2/neu, upregulation of telomerase (human telomerase reverse transcriptase; hTERT), loss of heterozygosity (Chromosome loci 3p, 8p, 9p, 4q, 11q, 13q, 17p), High-risk Human papillomavirus 16/18 (HR-HPV16 and 18), p16, Overexpression of EGFR, c-jun, c-fos, surviving (BIRC5), MMP-9, MMP9, TGF-, COX-1, and-2, and amplification of Cyclins D and E. Thus, paving the way for appropriate therapy.
