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Tube growth pattern of Kinnow pollen in the style of Samiola tangelo 24 hours after pollination (450 microns).
Source publication
An experiment was conducted in which introduced citrus hybrids (Orlando tangelo, Minneola tangelo, Saminola tangelo, Honey mandarin, Pixie mandarin and Frost dancy tangerine) were crossed with Mosambi, Kinnow and Duncan grapefruit as male parents. Pollen viability and pollen germination studies were also conducted. Pollen viability was maximum in P...
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Citations
... Citrus industry in Pakistan is dominated (70% share) by cultivation of single citrus cv. i.e. 'Kinnow' mandarin (Ahmad et al., 2007), which suffers with various problems including monoculture, seediness, decline, glut production (Niaz et al., 2004). Therefore, there is need to cultivate other citrus species like sweet orange to eliminate the trend of monoculture. ...
... Poor bearing, inferior fruit quality and the less productive age are difficulties faced by sweet orange growers in the country (Ahmad et al., 2007). For higher productivity, citrus trees require slightly acidic soil and well irrigated soil with good mineral composition (Ameer et al., 2023). ...
‘Pineapple’ sweet orange is an important citrus species being grown at commercial scale in Pakistan. Due to inadequate
supply of macro along with micronutrients, its productivity and quality is not up to the required standard as compare to other
citrus producing countries. Therefore, current study was designed in order to investigate the effect soil application of NPK(2500 g per plant in two splits) compound fertilizer (17:17:17) (T2) or foliar application of boric acid (0.3%) + zinc sulphate (0.6%) (T3) alone or in combination (T4) on growth, productivity and fruit quality of ‘Pineapple’ sweet orange. Untreated trees were kept as control (T1). Analysis of leaf mineral contents revealed that nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), boron (B), and zinc (Zn) were found to increase significantly after macro and micronutrients application. Tree vegetative growth [Increase in tree height (54 cm) and tree spread (56 cm), stem girth (3.5 cm), length of flush (13.35 cm), leaf number flush-1 (12)], fruit yield [fruit weight (23.35 kg), fruit numbers (110.75), marketable fruit % (89.72%) per tree], fruit quality [ fruit length (69.33 mm), breadth of fruit (70.06 mm), fruit weigth (211 kg), juice TSS (8.62%), TSS/Acid ratio (15.87), ascorbic acid content (31.62 mg 100g-1), total phenolics (423.90 mg 100g-1 FW), antioxidants (92.65%) and carotenoids (1.20 µg 100g-1) were significantly improved by T4 treatment. In conclusion, combine application of 2500 g NPK + boric acid (0.3%) + zinc sulphate (0.6%) significantly enhanced tree growth, production and quality of ‘Pineapple’
sweet orange fruit.
... Lemon fruits have high medicinal value and industrial use as it is a rich source of vitamin C with fair amounts of vitamin A, B and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron (Khehra and Bal, 2014). Besides their consumption as fresh fruit, a large number of products and by-products like pickles, squash, jam, jelly, candies and marmalades are prepared and marketed at a premium price (Ahmed et al., 2007). Weed control in citrus orchards is necessary, otherwise unchecked weed growth will compete with the trees for moisture and nutrients and interfere with orchard operations, thus reducing yields and increasing the cost of production. ...
Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the bio efficacy and phyto toxicity of Indaziflam 500 SC in acid lime at Central Block, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam during kharif and rabi seasons of the years 2017 and 2018. Experiments were carried out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments and replicated thrice. Indaziflam 500 SC was sprayed as pre emergence as well as combination with post emergence herbicides in acid lime before the onset of South West Monsoon and North East Monsoon at kharif and rabi seasons respectively. Indaziflam 500 SC either alone or in combination with post emergence herbicide was completely dissolved while making stock solutions. There were no phyto toxicity symptoms on acid lime at higher doses of pre emergence application and combination with post emergence application of Indaziflam 500 SC. Pre emergence application of Indaziflam 500 SC @ 62.5 g a.i./ha recorded significantly lower no. of weed density on 30, 60, 90 and 120 DAA during both the seasons. Increased weed density was observed in untreated control at all stages of crop growth during both the seasons. Pre emergence application of Indaziflam 500 SC @ 62.5 g a.i./ha recorded significantly lower weed DMP at 90 DAA during both the seasons of the study followed by pre emergence application of Indaziflam 500 SC @ 50 g a.i./ha and resulted in higher weed control efficiency at all stages of observation. Significantly higher acid lime fruit yield of 12.45 and 13.85 t/ha was recorded with hand weeding during kharif and rabi respectively due to weed free condition maintained during entire growth stage of the crop and it was followed by pre emergence application of Indaziflam 500 SC @ 62.5 g a.i./ha.
... Besides, they are rich sources of minerals (calcium, phosphorus and iron). The juice is very refreshing, delicious and soothing (Ahmed et al., 2007). ...
... It has economically remunerative and highly valued fruits, with distinct taste and beneficial values. Juice is soothing, refreshing and delightful (Ahmed et al., 2007). Nutrients are usually quickly available by plants as foliar spray than soil application. ...
... It has economically remunerative and highly valued fruits, with distinct taste and beneficial values. Juice is soothing, refreshing and delightful (Ahmed et al., 2007). Nutrients are usually quickly available by plants as foliar spray than soil application. ...
In citrus Kinnow mandarin is the most abundantly grown fruit in Pakistan, because of its excellent fresh intake, processing value, flavor, quality, high yield and better adaptability. Quality of Kinnow varies depending upon management practices and climatic conditions. Uniform quality and size of fruits is obligatory for export prospect. As Pakistan targets to increase export up to 15-20% of produce, present study was carried out to study the effects of preharvest foliar spray of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) and calcium carbonate to improve the yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin. Fruit bearing trees were sprayed with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and zinc sulphate each @ 0%, 3% and 4%. Foliar application of ZnSO4 and CaCO3 significantly increased the fruit weight, fruit diameter, juice percentage, TSS, ascorbic acid, total antioxidants, total phenolics, carotenoids and flavonoids contents. ZnSO4 @ 4% gave the best results for Kinnow fruit quality and yield.
... Lemon fruits have high medicinal value and industrial use as it is a rich source of vitamin C with fair amounts of vitamin A, B and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron ( Khehra and Bal 2014). Besides their consumption as fresh fruit, a large number of products and by-products like pickles, squash, jam, jelly, candies and marmalades are prepared and marketed at a premium price (Ahmed et al 2007). The juice of ripe fruit is refreshing and is one of the best remedies for scurvy. ...
... The fruit sets from selfing of 'Fina', 'Marisol', 'Fina Sodea', 'Nules' Clementines and 'Afourer' mandarin were very low or near 0. Fruit set was highest (20% to 40%) in cross-pollination between two Clementines, 'Nules' and 'Fina Sodea', and 'Afourer' mandarin (Cho, 2005). Similar studies were also obtained in the other Citrus cultivars by Eken (2006), Waqar et al. (2007), Papadakis et al. (2009), Stephen andLarry (2009) andSeday (2010). ...
... The fruit sets from selfing of 'Fina', 'Marisol', 'Fina Sodea', 'Nules' Clementines and 'Afourer' mandarin were very low or near 0. Fruit set was highest (20% to 40%) in cross-pollination between two Clementines, 'Nules' and 'Fina Sodea', and 'Afourer' mandarin (Cho, 2005). Similar studies were also obtained in the other Citrus cultivars by Eken (2006), Waqar et al. (2007), Papadakis et al. (2009), Stephen andLarry (2009) andSeday (2010). ...
Previous studies on cross-pollination of Ccitrus varieties have shown the existence of a wide variation in fruit set percentageratio, fruit size, and number of seeds per fruit with different pollinators. In the current study, the effects of four pollinator cultivars ('Rhode Red Valencia', 'Midknight Valencia', and 'Valencia Late' oranges and 'Rio Red' grapefruit) on the fruit set, and some fruit quality characters of 'Robinson' and 'Fremont' mandarin cultivars were determined. The experimental setup was a complete randomized design with three replications of each combination. The effects of cross-pollination on fruit set and pomological characters, such as fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS:TA (total acids) ratio, and number of seeds per fruit were statistically significant. At maturity, both female parent cultivars’ flowers that were cross-pollinated with 'Valencia Late' orange, had the highest fruit set with 23.08% and 21.57%, respectively. The heaviest fruits of 'Robinson' mandarin were obtained by cross-pollination with 'Rhode Red Valencia' orange. The Avarege fruit weight from open-pollinated fruit in 'Fremont' mandarin was higher than those from cross-pollination in 'Fremont' mandarin. According to the results, 'Rhode Red Valencia' and 'Valencia Late' oranges for 'Robinson' mandarin and 'Midknight Valencia' orange, and 'Rio Red' grapefruit for Fremont mandarin, were determined as the best crossings.
... The inability of pollen to germinate on stigma is one of the reasons for unfruitfulness (Gul and Ahmad, 2006). Self-incompatibility is one of the important reasons of unfruitfulness in mandarin hybrids (Ahmed et al., 2007). ...
The study was aimed to assess the compatibility of intra-specific mandarin
crosses and germination of F1 seeds under sub-tropical conditions of Punjab
(India). Experiment was conducted at PAU, Ludhiana (Punjab) during 2014
and 2015. Six hundred crosses were made in each of four type crosses viz.,
‘Daisy x Kinnow’, ‘Kinnow x Daisy’, ‘W. Murcott x Kinnow’ and ‘Kinnow x
W. Murcott’. After harvest of mature fruits from each cross, the F1 seeds
were sown under protected conditions. Results showed that the mean fruit set
percentage was maximum (15.49) in ‘W. Murcott x Kinnow’ cross but was at
par with ‘Kinnow x W. Murcott’ cross (14.16) and significantly higher than
other crosses. Mean minimum fruit drop (31.87%) was observed in ‘Kinnow
x W. Murcott’ which was at par with ‘Kinnow x Daisy’ and ‘W. Murcott x
Kinnow’ crosses (32.29 and 34.79% fruit drop, respectively). The mean
normal seed number fruit-1 was maximum (21.21) in fruits from ‘Kinnow x
Daisy’ cross but was at par with ‘Kinnow x W. Murcott’ cross (18.01).
Maximum number of seedlings seed-1 (1.17) emerged from ‘W. Murcott’ as
female parent when ‘Kinnow’ was used as male parent which was at par with
other crosses, except ‘Daisy x Kinnow’ which recorded single seeding seed-1.
The results revealed clear-cut difference in physiological mechanism
controlling these parameters among these intra-specific crosses in mandarin.
... Besides this, they are rich source of minerals (calcium, phosphorus and iron). The juice is very refreshing, delicious and soothing (Ahmed et al., 2007). Nutrient deficiency in citrus may disturb the production of plant growth regulators and affect the size, color and increase premature drop of fruit. ...
For studying the effect of pre-harvest application of Gibberellic acid, NAA, and Calcium nitrate on fruit drop, maturity and storage quality of Kinnow mandarin the present experiment was conducted. Two sprays of these plant bio-regulators and nutrient were done on 15th of September and November, 2011. From various observations recorded, it was noted that the foliar application of Gibberellic acid 100 ppm, NAA 20 ppm significantly reduced fruit drop (16.80% and 14.28%) and calcium nitrate at 2.0 per cent (23.28%) was recorded. Higher level of Gibberellic acid 100 ppm and calcium nitrate at 2.0 per cent delayed maturity by (296.95 and 293.58 days). Harvested fruits were stored up to different days at ambient temperature in 100 gauge polythene bags. It was recorded that the calcium nitrate at 2.0 and 1.5 per cent and NAA 20 ppm prove more effective in minimizing the loss of fruit spoilage, fruit weight, fruit juice, ascorbic acid, TSS and total sugars.
