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The scatter plot shows negative linear correlation between fasting blood glucose and Vitamin D level (r = - 0.245).
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Background:
A great association between vitamin D deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus has been suggested in literature. During pregnancy, this deficiency is even more critical. It appears that vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy may be associated with maternal hazards. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between the levels of...
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Context 1
... regards the Vitamin D levels, Table 3 shows that they negatively correlated with the fasting blood glucose levels (Figure 1), the fasting serum insulin levels and the HbA1c levels, in the whole study population including both groups; women with GDM and controls. The P value in all these correlations were <0.05. ...
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Background: Diabetes is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency which was initially considered only to influence bone metabolism, is now known to exert a wide spectrum of extra-skeletal effects. Vitamin D deficiency is closely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, it also leads to adverse maternal and child...
Citations
... In the same sense, an observational crosssectional study that included 160 pregnant women between 20-40 years of age, in the third trimester, demonstrated a statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.245) between glycemic control and plasma 25(OH)D levels in the entire study population 43 . ...
Interest is growing in the knowledge of the mechanisms of action of vitamin D in very different areas of pathology. In recent years, very different actions of vitamin D have been discovered. Far from being a simple vitamin, it is a hormonal complex that acts in very different parts of the body equipped with hormonal receptors for vitamin D. It controls more than 900 different genes making it. It represents up to 3% of the total human genome. There is a deficit in levels of 25 (OH)D in populations around the world, including young couples affected by fertility problems. In the field of infertility, it has shown beneficial actions on the evolution of polycystic ovary syndrome. It is capable of decreasing the growth of uterine fibroids and correlates well with anti-Mullerian hormone. It has also been shown to improve oocyte quality and the embryo implantation rate in assisted reproduction: Its adequate levels in pregnancy reduce the risk of gestational diabetes and improve perinatal outcomes: The objective of this manuscript is to review the most important aspects that relate to the endocrine system. of vitamin D with fertility and pregnancy.
... This association has been seen in numerous studies as well (19,20). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between glycaemic control and Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women (21). However, in adults without diabetes, correction of Vitamin D deficiency does not affect blood glucose or insulin sensitivity (22). ...
Introduction and Aim: A worldwide epidemic, type 2 diabetes affects 382 million people. Nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy are examples of microvascular consequences. According to estimates, 1 billion people, or close to 15% of the world's population, are vitamin D deficient. There is proof that inadequate vitamin D levels are linked to poor glycaemic management. However, there is a dearth of information from India on a potential connection between a vitamin D deficit and microvascular problems. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine if individuals with microvascular consequences of diabetes are more likely to suffer from vitamin D insufficiency. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 72 diabetic subjects availing the inpatient services of Father Muller Medical College Hospital. Diabetes was diagnosed as per American Diabetes Association guidelines. Subjects were examined for presence of neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy by nerve conduction study, urine protein creatinine ratio and fundus examination respectively. Serum vitamin D levels were assessed. Data was recorded and statistically analysed. Results: Seventy-two patients fulfilling the selection criteria were recruited for this study. 77.8% of subjects had poorly controlled diabetes and 66.66% had vitamin D deficiency. 39 (54.16%) of subjects had microvascular complications of which 28 (38.8%) had neuropathy, 14 (19.4%) had retinopathy and 28 (38.9%) had nephropathy. 71% of patients with microvascular complications had vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is strongly correlated with vitamin D insufficiency. Individuals who suffer from microvascular problems tend to have inadequate levels of vitamin D more frequently than people without such difficulties.
... Clinical studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation can lower androgen levels, lower anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels [14,15], normalize the metabolic profile, and regularize periods in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) [16,17]. In fact, low serum 25(OH)D concentrations have been linked to problems of infertility [18,19], endometriosis [20], polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [16,17,21,22], as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortions [23], gestational diabetes [24,25], bacterial vaginosis [26], preeclampsia [27,28], neonatal hypocalcemia [29], prematurity, and low birth weight [30], as well as fetal and infant growth disorders [31]. ...
... Clinical studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation can lower androgen levels, lower anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels [14,15], normalize the metabolic profile, and regularize periods in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) [16,17]. In fact, low serum 25(OH)D concentrations have been linked to problems of infertility [18,19], endometriosis [20], polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [16,17,21,22], as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortions [23], gestational diabetes [24,25], bacterial vaginosis [26], preeclampsia [27,28], neonatal hypocalcemia [29], prematurity, and low birth weight [30], as well as fetal and infant growth disorders [31]. ...
... The total score of sun exposure was classified according to four levels of satisfaction: insufficient, moderately sufficient, sufficient, and very sufficient or high. The sun exposure is considered insufficient if the total score is less than 7.5; moderate if it is between (7.5-15); sufficient if it is between (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30); and very sufficient or high if it is greater than 30. Adequate sun exposure means sufficient scores in the indoor and outdoor SES domains and insufficient scores in the sun protection practices domain. ...
Sunlight exposure is an essential source of vitamin D for many humans. However, hypovitaminosis D is a global public health problem. This study aimed to develop and validate a sun exposure score (SES) and correlate it with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in women of childbearing age. One hundred and sixty women aged 18 to 45 years residing in Meknes, Morocco, were included. A questionnaire estimating the sun exposure score and blood analysis of serum 25-OHD concentration were performed. The questionnaire’s reliability and construct validity were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis. Spearman’s test was used to assess the correlation between SES and 25-OHD levels. The score’s reliability and construct validity were good, with Cronbach’s alpha values >0.70 and factorial saturation ranging from 0.696 to 0.948. Serum 25-OHD levels were significantly associated with the total sun exposure score, and all SES domains (Rho was 0.615 (p < 0.0001), 0.307 (p < 0.0001), 0.605 (p < 0.0001), and 0.424 (p < 0.0001) for total SES, indoor exposure domain, outdoor exposure domain, and sun protection practice domain, respectively). In addition, median 25-OHD levels increased significantly when sun exposure was changed from insufficient to sufficient (p < 0.0001). The results suggest that the sun exposure score could be used as a clinical tool to assess vitamin D levels in women of childbearing age.
... Epidemiological studies have shown that severe obesity, advanced maternal age, and family history of type II diabetes are associated with a high risk of GDM. [7][8][9] Recent reports suggest that vitamin D deficiency is also a risk factor for GDM. 10 Vitamin D is important during the rapid fetal developmental stages, particularly during bone calcification at the end of pregnancy. 11 Vitamin D is an essential vitamin for the human body and is mainly involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, blood glucose metabolism, and immune functions in the form of 25(OH)D3. ...
Objective:
To explore the relationship between 25(OH)D3 and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to screen for biological markers for early prediction of GDM.
Methods:
A cohort study was conducted using samples and data collected from pregnant women registered at the Li Huili hospital in China between April 2018 and January 2020. Four circRNAs (hsa_circ_0003218, hsa_circ_0002968, hsa_circ_0007430, and hsa_circ_0006260) were selected as potential biomarkers, and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure their concentration in the serum and to analyze their correlation with 25(OH)D3. The Pearson correlation test was used to assess the correlation between the 25(OH)D3, circRNAs, and various clinical variables. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of circRNAs and 25(OH)D3 in the early stage of pregnancy.
Results:
Weight, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and 25(OH)D3 were found to be risk factors for GDM. The level of 25(OH)D3 correlated significantly with HDL-C with a correlation coefficient of 0.298 (p < 0.05). The expression of hsa_circ_0003218 was significantly downregulated in the GDM group (p < 0.05). Hsa_circ_0002968, hsa_circ_0007430, and hsa_circ_0006260 did not show any differential expression between the two groups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, hsa_circ_0003218 level correlated significantly with 25(OH)D3 and the correlation coefficient was 0.357 (p < 0.05). The AUC of hsa_circ_0003218 combined with 25(OH)D3 was 0.789 ([0.700-0.877], p < 0.001), with sensitivity and specificity of 63.04% and 80.65%, respectively.
Conclusions:
Hsa_circ_0003218 and 25(OH)D3 may jointly participate in the metabolic process of GDM. Thus, the combination of 25(OH)D3 and hsa_circ_0003218 represents a potential biomarker for the prediction of GDM in the early stages of pregnancy.
... In the present study, there was no significant relationship between the group receiving Vitamin D 500 and the group receiving Vitamin D 2000 incidence of diabetes. Reviewing 7 studies in a metaanalysis study by Poel et al., it was concluded that the incidence of gestational diabetes is negatively and directly associated with low levels of Vitamin D [24][25][26] . Moreover, Wang and et al. in a meta-analysis study indicated that vitamin D supplementation in GDM women can control blood sugar and reduce adverse maternal-infant outcomes. ...
... In patients with T2DM but no chronic kidney disease, the serum 25OHD concentration and HbA1c are inversely related. 20,21 However, in the present study, in addition to studying 25OHD, we also explored the relationships between other BTMs and HbA1c. ...
Purpose:
To investigate the relationships between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but no diabetic nephropathy.
Patients and methods:
Patients with T2DM were recruited at Hebei General Hospital in China. The participants were allocated to three groups: an HbA1c <7% group, an HbA1c 7%-9% group, and an HbA1c ≥9% group. Their general characteristics, biochemical indices, and BTM concentrations were recorded.
Results:
The ages of the HbA1c <7% group and the HbA1c 7%-9% group were significantly higher than that of the HbA1c ≥9% group (P<0.05). The prevalence of a history of hypertension in the HbA1c 7%-9% group was significantly higher than that in the HbA1c ≥9% group. The circulating low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration in the HbA1c ≥9% group and the apolipoprotein B concentration in the HbA1c 7%-9% group were significantly higher than those in the HbA1c <7% group (P<0.05). Compared with that in the HbA1c <7% group, the circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration was significantly lower in the HbA1c ≥9% group (P<0.05). Additionally, the circulating 25OHD and osteocalcin (OC) concentrations negatively correlated with HbA1c (P<0.05).
Conclusion:
An increase in HbA1c is associated with gradual decreases in the circulating concentrations of 25OHD and OC.
... However, there are limited studies prospectively examining how circulating 25(OH)D, early and late in pregnancy, affects glucose homeostasis. Most studies have associated maternal vitamin D status early in pregnancy with adverse outcomes later in pregnancy (13)(14)(15), or have assessed both vitamin D status and health outcomes at mid or at the end of pregnancy (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Also, several studies have evaluated changes in vitamin D status throughout pregnancy (2,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). ...
Objectives:
low vitamin D during pregnancy is common and could adversely affect health outcomes. This study evaluated vitamin D status during pregnancy and early in life, and its association with glucose metabolism.
Methods:
maternal serum 25(OH)D, glucose, and insulin levels were measured longitudinally during pregnancy in Hispanic women with overweight/obesity (n = 31) and their infants at birth and 4 months.
Results:
insulin and HOMA-IR levels were higher among women with vitamin D below adequate levels compared to those with adequate levels in pregnancy (p < 0.05). Late in pregnancy, as vitamin D increased by one unit (ng/mL), insulin decreased by 0.44 units and HOMA-IR by 0.09 units. Maternal vitamin D late in pregnancy was correlated with infant vitamin D levels at birth (r = 0.89; p < 0.01) and 4 months (r = 0.9; p = 0.04), and with glucose (r = 0.79; p = 0.03) and insulin (r = 0.83; p = 0.04) at 4 months.
Conclusion:
maternal vitamin D status was associated with maternal and infant glucose metabolism in this sample.
... 20 Beta cells exhibit vitamin D receptors, and studies have reported that vitamin D increases insulin sensitivity of target cells (i.e., adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver) by increasing the insulin response to glucose transport. 21 Vitamin D also increases the function of beta cells and prevents them from deleterious immune attacks by acting on immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. 5 Furthermore, vitamin D promotes intestinal calcium absorption, while low serum calcium levels cause secondary hyperparathyroidism, which is independently related to abnormal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. ...
INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D deficiency is linked to increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, fetal and neonatal complications, as well as serious health consequences later in life for both mothers and offspring. However, studies on maternal vitamin D status and risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are controversial. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the risk for GDM based on maternal serum vitamin D levels. METHODS: After applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 197 pregnant women, including 33 GDM cases and 164 controls, were enrolled in the study. Vitamin D levels were measured at 11–14 weeks of gestation. GDM was diagnosed by performing a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. RESULTS: BMI was higher in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group (24.68 [21.72–27.64] kg/m2 vs. 22.04 [20.51–24.73] kg/m2, p = 0.004). Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group (17.2 [15.6–19.2] nmol/L vs. 33.0 [31.2–35.0] nmol/L, p < 0.001). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was as high as 87.88% in the GDM group, with a 67.062-fold higher risk for GDM (odds ratio 67.062, 95% confidence interval 20.904–215.150, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Insufficient vitamin D level in early pregnancy is significantly associated with GDM development. Routine screening for vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy, particularly at the first prenatal visit, may contribute to the identification and better management of GDM and its related adverse outcomes in mothers and offspring.
... The findings of association of serum levels of vitamin D with insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity parameters in GDM are conflicting [6][7][8][9]. On the other hand, few reports are available about the relationship between levels of vitamin D and the lipid ratios and comparison of the vitamin with the lipid ratios and adiponectin as predictors of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity. ...
... Decreased maternal circulating levels of 25(OH)D 3 in GDM compared with normal pregnancy in the current study were in line with previous studies including Maghbooli et al. [6], Ou et al. [7] and McManus et al. [16]. On the other hand, the current study was contradicted to studies of El Lithy et al. [8], Mutlu et al. [9] and Pleskačová et al. [17], who have reported no significant differences in maternal circulating levels of 25(OH)D 3 between GDM and normal pregnancy. A major limitation of some of these studies was that BMI was not similar between case and control group [6,7,17], since it has been reported a negative correlation between serum levels of 25(OH)D 3 and BMI. ...
... Previous Table 1 studies have been reported that maternal serum levels of 25(OH)D 3 are correlated inversely with the HOMA--IR index [6,7,9] that was confirmed by the current study. We also observed a positive correlation between levels of 25(OH)D 3 and QUICKI that did not agree with Maghbooli et al. [6] and El Lithy et al. [8] studies, who have not observed any significant correlation. It has been reported that transport of glucose is increased into insulin-dependent cells by stimulating expression of insulin receptors in the presence of vitamin D that leads to increased insulin sensitivity [2,27]. ...
Background. The present research was an attempt to assess maternal serum values of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], adiponectin and the lipid ratios and comparison of their associations with insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Material and methods. It was conducted on 100 participants including 49 women with GDM and 51 normal pregnant women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Maternal fasting serum values of glucose, 25(OH)D3, lipid profile, adiponectin and insulin were assessed and the lipid ratios and biomarkers of resistance and sensitivity to insulin were calculated. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results. Current research revealed that levels of 25(OH) D3 were significantly lower in GDM than in normal pregnancy. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that GDM was associated negatively with 25(OH)D3, HDL-C and adiponectin and positively with the lipid ratios. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that only values of 25(OH)D3 were independently associated negatively with the insulin resistance (P = 0.012). Conclusions. Levels of 25(OH)D3 were significantly decreased in GDM compared with normal pregnancy. On the other hand, 25(OH)D3 had a significant negative correlation with insulin resistance which was stronger than the lipid ratios and adiponectin.
... The TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio may be a good marker to identify insulin-resistant Chinese individuals 4 and is positively associated with diabetes risk. 8 At present, there is no consistent conclusion about the correlation between vitamin D and lipid indices. The aim of our research was to investigate whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status at the second trimester was associated with blood lipids and pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM. ...
Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status at 24–28 weeks is associated with blood lipids and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Design
We performed an observational cohort study.
Setting
The study was conducted in China.
Participants
A total of 261 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at 24–28 weeks of gestation in our hospital were included between June 2015 and December 2017. According to the levels of 25(OH)D, the women were divided into the G1 (<20 ng/mL) and G2 (≥20 ng/mL) groups. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), TG/HDL-c and TC/HDL-c ratios were obtained from medical records. Pregnancy outcomes included gestational weeks of birth and delivery mode. Newborn information included birth weight and body length. Differences between groups were tested with adjusted multiple linear regression.
Results
The serum levels of 25(OH)D (14.1±3.4 ng/mL vs 28.5±6.5 ng/mL, p<0.001), TC (5.3±0.9 vs 5.6±0.8, p=0.006), HDL-c (1.8±0.4 vs 1.9±0.4, p=0.046) and LDL-c (2.5±0.6 vs 2.7±0.7, p=0.015) in the G2 group were significantly higher than those in G1 group, while TG/HDL-c ratios (1.43±0.7 vs 1.26±0.7, p=0.035) were significantly higher in the G1 group. Moreover, we failed to find a significant difference in pregnancy outcomes of mothers and newborns among the two groups (p>0.05). In models adjusting for maternal age, parity, height, blood pressure, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, pre-pregnancy body mass index, season and gestational age, maternal 25(OH)D was associated with TG/HDL-c ratios (B=−0.016; 95% CI= −0.025 to –0.006).
Conclusion
We found that there was no relationship between vitamin D and pregnancy/neonatal outcomes in our study. Maternal 25(OH)D at 24–28 weeks was inversely associated with TG/HDL-c ratios.
