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The mechanism of action of probiotics on obesity.
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Abstract The percentage of obese individuals continues to grow worldwide, and the main factor leading to obesity is the imbalance of energy intake and consumption. The intestinal flora has important regulatory roles in metabolic disorders and obesity. Compared with normal-weight individuals, those that are obese showed remarkable changes in the com...
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... a chronic metabolic disease, has a variety of causes, but its root lies in the imbalance between energy intake and consumption, which leads to lipid accumulation and obesity. Presently, many studies have reported that lactic acid bacteria can prevent and improve obesity by regulating the intestinal flora, maintaining the micro-ecological balance in the intestine, promoting lipid metabolism, reducing serum lipid levels, and regulating immune function (Figure 1). The probiotic strain Lactobacillus fermentans CQPC07 isolated from pickled vegetables, which can prevent and treat obesity, was used as a daily supplement in high-fat diet-induced obese mice, and it was demonstrated that this strain can improve obesity, hyperlipidemia, and liver injury caused by chronic low-grade inflammation and obesity. ...
Citations
... Probiotics are live microorganisms which resemble/reflect those found in the natural gut flora [1][2][3]. Probiotics, particularly from the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (which presently is split over several new genera), have been associated with a number of health effects, including competitive exclusion of food pathogens, stimulation of immune function, lowering gas distension, aiding in food digestion and adsorption, synthesis of vitamins, lowering cholesterol levels, and may also aid in the curing of gastrointestinal diseases and autoimmune disorders [1, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. While few studies have yet addressed the potential of probiotics for the management of obesity, a higher-fat diet is known to induce diabetes and endotoxemia in mice, and negatively correlates with the level of Bifidobacterium spp. in the mouse intestine [15]. ...
Over 33% of Americans are labeled as obese, leading the World Health Organization to designate obesity as a major public health problem. One consequence of obesity is the development of metabolic syndrome, a condition which has been correlated to an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes. Prolonged ingestion of a higher-fat diet, one cause of obesity, results in alterations to the gut microbiome. These alterations are implicated to have a profound role in the evolution and progression of obesity-linked diseases. Probiotics are associated with positive health effects such as limiting pathogen colonization, aiding in digestion, and vitamin synthesis. Using Ossabaw pigs as a model for obesity, and in conjunction with our previous research, we performed an in-depth, nontargeted, metabolomic analysis on select organs to elucidate the effects of dietary supplementation with the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei. We focused our analysis on the effects of probiotic supplementation on a higher-fat (obesogenic) diet and a nutritionally balanced diet. Notably, our findings reveal that the brain cortex is highly sensitive to dietary influencers, and with probiotic supplementation, several aberrant metabolites associated with a higher-fat diet revert to healthy levels, thus demonstrating the potential for a probiotic intervention for obesity-linked disease.
... As an environmental factor, the gut microbiota can modulate the intake, absorption, and storage of energy in the host, thereby causing obesity. Prebiotic is an important example, it was defined as a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit (Gibson et al, 2017;Zhang et al., 2022). The findings suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis can cause metabolic syndrome such as obesity. ...
Probiyotikler yeterli miktarda alındıklarında insan sağlığı üzerinde yararlı etkileri olan canlı mikroorganizmalardır. Son yıllarda önemli sağlık sorunlarından biri olan obezite ve probiyotikler arasında ilişki olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Obezitede enerji alımı ve harcanması arasındaki dengesizlik, sağlıksız yaşam biçimi ve genetik faktörler rol oynamaktadır. Obeziteyi tedavi etme veya önlemede yeni bir yaklaşım olarak bağırsak mikrobiyotasının probiyotik ve fonksiyonel gıdalar gibi bileşenlerle modülasyonu önerilmiştir. Probiyotikler; lipid ve glikoz metabolizmasını iyileştirerek, bağırsak mikrobiyota kompozisyonunu düzenleyerek ve metabolik inflamasyonu baskılayarak obeziteye karşı bir mekanizma geliştirirler. Probiyotik gıda tüketimi ile birlikte ise; bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki çeşitlilik artar ve bu mikrobiyel hücrelerin metabolik fonksiyonları ile obezite riski azaltılır. Bu derlemede; probiyotik gıda tüketiminin bir sonucu olarak bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki probiyotik mikroorganizma varlığı ve çeşitliliğinin obezite ile ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuştur.
Studies have suggested that probiotics and synbiotics can improve body weight and composition. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated mixed results. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics and synbiotics on body weight and composition in adults. We searched PubMed/Medline, Ovid/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane library up to April 2023 using related keywords. We included all RCTs investigating the effectiveness of probiotics and/or synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition among adults. Random‐effects models were applied for performing meta‐analyses. In addition, we conducted subgroup analyses and meta‐regression to explore the non‐linear and linear relationship between the length of follow‐up and the changes in each outcome. We included a total of 200 trials with 12,603 participants in the present meta‐analysis. Probiotics or synbiotics intake led to a significant decrease in body weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −0.91 kg; 95% CI: −1.08, −0.75; p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (WMD: −0.28 kg/m ² ; 95% CI: −0.36, −0.21; p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (WMD: −1.14 cm; 95% CI: −1.42, −0.87; p < 0.001), waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR) (WMD: −0.01; 95% CI: −0.01, −0.00; p < 0.001), fat mass (FM) (WMD: −0.92 kg; 95% CI: −1.05, −0.79; p < 0.001), and percentage of body fat (%BF) (WMD: −0.68%; 95% CI: −0.94, −0.42; p < 0.001) compared to controls. There was no difference in fat‐free mass (FFM) and lean body mass (LBM). Subgroup analyses indicated that probiotics or synbiotics administered as food or supplement resulted in significant changes in anthropometric indices and body composition. However, compared to controls, FM and %BF values were only reduced after probiotic consumption. Our results showed that probiotics or synbiotics have beneficial effects on body weight, central obesity, and body composition in adults and could be useful as an add on to weight loss products and medications.
