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The map-based questionnaire revealed public opinions regarding e.g. suitable sites for infill and unattractive places. These sites mostly overlap. (© University of Oulu / Sauli Partanen)
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In this article, we will introduce the topic of strengths-based planning strategies for rural localities in Finland. The strengths-based approach focuses on capacity building and competence enhancement with the local people, encouraging communities to valorise, identify and mobilise existing but often unrecognised assets. Setting focus only on the...
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... was performed with a public participation GIS-tool (eharava.fi) that gathered place-based comments and insights from the locals (Figure 3). The questionnaire, also available in paper form, included both structured and open questions, which were analysed in four thematic categories concerning the functional, physical, sensory and socio-cultural environment. ...
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... Consequently, it is not only the collaboration between actors within municipalities and between similar municipalities that is important but also between urban and other areas [7]. ...
Land-use planning has been identified as an important tool in pursuing sustainability by guiding the construction and development of our built environment. Sustainability action places large requirements for municipalities to develop and introduce priorities in their planning. Land-use planning system in Finland relate to regulation and decisions of authorities connected to national, regional, and municipal levels. In general, municipal level has the most power in decision making by holding e.g., planning monopolies. Municipal land-use planners operate in the junction of different actors including businesses, local politicians, citizens, and research institutions. Thus, they provide an interesting opportunity to study the operationalization and objectives of land-use planning in different regions. This study takes the regional innovation system approach to illustrate planning systems, involvement of different stakeholders and the sustainability objectives of land-use planning in varying regions in Finland. Quantitative methods (i.e., exploratory factor analysis, statistical tests) are used in the online survey data analysis. Our results suggest a strong connection between informal planning system and municipalities' sustainability objectives as well as stakeholders representing research and governance organizations whereas statutory planning system is more connected with users of existing knowledge. Regarding regional characteristics, urban municipality planners were found to perceive informal planning as more important than planners in other municipalities. Additionally, connected to the results on sustainability objectives, urban municipality planners paid attention especially on goals for sustainable building, while those working in other municipalities emphasized both goals on sustainable building and securing ecosystem services.
... In addition, part of the sustainable economic and urban planning initiatives focuses on sustainable energy solutions for urban areas (Niemi et al., 2012) and urban living labs for supporting the development of sustainability and low carbon cities (Voytenko et al., 2016). Smart city initiatives related to environmental sustainability focus mainly on governmental issues, such as how to integrate land use and transport planning (Mäkinen et al., 2015) or strengths-based planning strategies outside of the urbanisation impact (Rönkkö & Aarrevaara, 2017). Mora et al. (2021) pointed out that so far; scientific knowledge has not succeeded in informing policymakers of smart city technologies resolving sustainability issues when it comes to smart city design and implementation practices. ...
... 2016, Somwanshi i in. 2016, Rönkkö, Aarrevaara 2017, Guzal-Dec 2018, Zavratnik i in. 2018, Visvizi i in. ...
Celem opracowania było określenie znaczenia nowoczesnych technologii stosowanych w wybranych formach działalności rolniczej polskiej wsi. Ukazano przykłady gospodarstw prowadzących działalność gospodarczą w oparciu o warzywnictwo i sadownictwo. Podstawą analizy były informacje uzyskane w 2019 r. podczas bezpośrednich wywiadów terenowych, uzupełnione danymi statystycznymi na temat krajowych upraw i zbiorów. Stosowanie inteligentnych rozwiązań technologicznych w działalności rolniczej ma duże znaczenie, ponieważ podnosi jakość produkcji rolnej. Właściwie dobrane, zrównoważone technologie rolne są jednym z komponentów koncepcji inteligentnej wsi. Jednak takie usprawnienie rolnictwa bez aktywnego włączenia czynnika ludzkiego i stabilnego systemu gospodarczego nie jest efektywne.
... The challenges of economic diversification, demographic change and conflicting interests around land-use have not been properly addressed before in the context of local smart specialisation (LS3). LS3s are concerned with smart specialisation as a bottom-up approach to regional innovation, and they are a cornerstone of the European Union's endeavour to guarantee territorial development opportunities for all regions (Garcilazo et al., 2010;Gill, 2010;Rönkkö and Aarrevaara, 2017). Developing smart specialisation strategies (S3) is also a core part of the European Union's policy with regard to regional growth and prosperity (European Commission, 2018). ...
A common challenge for Northern communities is how to retain local benefit from resource-based industries. This study assesses the process of developing a local smart specialisation strategy in two municipalities, Storu-man and Sodankylä, both located in the Northern Periphery. The assessment framework applied is based on the concept of 'strategic dimensions' (Healey, 2009), along with a qualitative set of process and outcome criteria (Innes and Booher, 1999). Our assessment of the strategic process indicates that all dimensions required for strategic planning were represented within it, but that they were mostly responsive rather than transformative in character. When comparing results from process criteria and outcome criteria, the process criteria score significantly higher. The strategic process engaged social networks and involved local stakeholders in discussion and joint prioritisation. According to the participating stakeholders, the local smart specialisation strategies in Storuman and Sodankylä enhanced local preparedness. However , a significant limitation was a lack of long-term human and financial resources to address challenges in relation both to resource-based industries and local territorial development.
Read the full article here: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1499839&dswid=-2651
... In addition, part of the sustainable economic and urban planning initiatives focuses on sustainable energy solutions for urban areas (Niemi et al., 2012) and urban living labs for supporting the development of sustainability and low carbon cities (Voytenko et al., 2016). Smart city initiatives related to environmental sustainability focus mainly on governmental issues, such as how to integrate land use and transport planning (Mäkinen et al., 2015) or strengths-based planning strategies outside of the urbanisation impact (Rönkkö & Aarrevaara, 2017). Mora et al. (2021) pointed out that so far; scientific knowledge has not succeeded in informing policymakers of smart city technologies resolving sustainability issues when it comes to smart city design and implementation practices. ...
... Rural areas as a necessary component of living space for the population is an increasing focus both in official documents of various EU institutions and in research investigations. Both the documents (Council of Europe, 2017; ESPON 2018) and the research papers (Jordan ed., 2017;Rönkkö and Aarrevaara, 2017) stress the necessity to enhance and maintain the viability of rural areas. The status of rural viability shall also constitute the theoretical background of this research. ...
Population decline in rural areas has been a concern for many European countries for decades. To deal with shrinking, several measures have been taken in different countries. The study focuses on one of such measures – the administrative reform passed in Estonia in 2017, which merged smaller municipalities into regional municipality centres. This article examines the impact of this reform on rural transformation, concentrating on shifts in everyday mobilities, governance, and territorial identity at the village level. The research data is contextualised with the new mobilities paradigm, examining the relational everyday materialities that include interviews reflecting on changes at the regional, structural, and ideological levels. The analysis is based on in-depth interviews (N=60) with local activists and inhabitants in three study areas in sparsely populated parts of Estonia. The creation of municipality districts with representative bodies within larger municipalities have influenced these rural villages in various ways. In some cases, it has caused shifts in the mechanisms of civil governance that shape community activism. In others, strengthened awareness of representations of the rural appeared, offering a meaningful territorial identity and self-realisation to local people. However, the study also indicates that the distribution of rural municipalities into municipality districts can jeopardise local coherence and socio-cultural sustainability.
O presente trabalho objetivou analisar como se delineia o planejamento estratégico e como é a sua aplicabilidade na gestão organizacional de uma rede de farmácia na cidade de Irati-PR. A pesquisa se caracterizou como qualitativa, do tipo básica, e de natureza descritiva. Para levantamento dos dados foram aplicados questionários aos colaboradores e proprietários, assim como também foram feitas observações a fim de analisar os aspectos observados em estudos bibliográficos. Como resultados alguns pontos observados na prática da gestão organizacional da farmácia continham relações com a teoria, como: o planejamento em si para cada tomada de decisão, marketing, relacionamento com cliente, aperfeiçoamento de técnicas e atendimento, percepção e prevenção quanto à concorrência. Para isso, os gestores utilizavam recursos de gestão advindos da busca teórica na rotina da empresa, permitindo que a farmácia se mantivesse em elevado nível de competitividade. Logo, nota-se que assim como na teoria, a gestão organizacional aplicada nas práticas do dia a dia, de modo rígido, eleva a competitividade da organização, pois satisfaz tanto o cliente final que a torna competitiva em relação à concorrência quanto seus colaboradores que fundamentam a manutenção da competitividade no mercado.
The recognition of the key role of architectural heritage for sustainable territorial development has pushed the scientific community to give more importance to the involvement of local communities in conservation choices and practices. However, despite the recognition of the benefits deriving from the active participation of local communities in the field of conservation, in practice, this involvement is still marginal and linked to experiences without institutional support. This phenomenon is due to different causes, such as the lack of a participatory culture in conservation. It finds its roots in a conventional approach to architectural heritage conservation merely based on an “expert knowledge”. Consequently, there is an urgent need for approaches and tools to manage the complexity of decisions about conservation, which require close collaboration between local communities, research, and institutions. In this context, the paper aims to investigate the role of the action-research approach in fostering the participation of local communities in conservation processes, especially in marginal areas, where the demographic shrinking dynamics make even more necessary both the institutions’ intervention and the communities’ engagement. Based on these premises, starting from an analysis of recent experiences, the contribution dwells on the need to support the implementation of action-research approaches for the conservation of architectural heritage in marginal areas, paying particular attention to the role of evaluation. More in detail, in the first part of the paper, a reflection on the importance of community involvement for heritage conservation is proposed based on the main documents on the topic. In the second part, the main features of the action-research approach and its strengths and weaknesses have been analyzed through a literature review of action-research experiences applied to architectural heritage at a global level. The analyses have highlighted how most of these experiences are born from spontaneous initiatives, without institutional and methodological support, in which the role of evaluation is still marginal. Therefore, in the final part, the paper proposes a first methodological framework based on integrating action research with the main evaluation tools developed in the scientific literature to support the different phases of the decision-making process. This framework, suitably declined according to the specificities of the case study treated, can represent a valid support for implementing and transposing the research-action approach for heritage conservation in an institutional context.
Il riconoscimento del ruolo chiave del patrimonio architettonico per uno sviluppo territoriale sostenibile ha spinto la comunità scientifica ad attribuire maggiore importanza al coinvolgimento delle comunità locali nelle scelte e pratiche di conservazione. Tuttavia, nonostante il riconoscimento dei benefici derivanti dalla partecipazione attiva delle comunità locali in ambito conservativo, nella pratica tale coinvolgimento risulta ancora marginale e legato ad esperienze prive di supporto istituzionale. Tale fenomeno è ascrivibile a molteplici cause, tra cui la mancanza di una cultura della partecipazione, che affonda le sue radici nell’approccio convenzionale alla conservazione del patrimonio architettonico basato sulla sola “conoscenza esperta”, e la conseguente carenza di approcci e strumenti capaci di gestire la complessità delle scelte legate alla conservazione in cui, invece, si richiede una stretta collaborazione tra comunità locali, mondo della ricerca e istituzioni. Il presente contributo mira ad indagare il ruolo dell’approccio della ricerca azione nel favorire la partecipazione delle comunità locali ai processi di conservazione soprattutto nelle aree marginali, dove le dinamiche di contra- zione demografica in atto rendono ancora più necessario sia l’intervento delle istituzioni, che la partecipazione delle comunità. Sulla scorta di tali premesse, partendo da un’analisi delle esperienze in corso, il contributo si sofferma sulla necessità di supportare l’implementazione di approcci alla ricerca-azione per la conservazione del patrimonio architettonico in aree marginali, ponendo parti- colare attenzione al ruolo della valutazione per il raggiungimento di tale obiettivo. Nello specifico, nella prima parte del contributo si propone una riflessione sull’importanza del coinvolgimento delle comunità per la conservazione del patrimonio sulla base delle principali carte e trattati sul tema. Nella seconda parte sono state, poi, analizzate le principali caratteristiche dell’approccio alla ricerca-azione ed i suoi punti di forze e di debolezza rispetto alle finalità preposte attraverso una literature review delle esperienze di ricerca azione applicate al patrimonio architettonico a livello globale. Le analisi condotte hanno portato ad evidenziare come la maggior parte delle esperienze analizzate nasca da iniziative spontanee, prive di un supporto istituzionale e metodologico, in cui il ruolo della valutazione è ancora marginale.
Pertanto, nella parte finale della riflessione si propone una prima proposta di framework metodologico basato sul- l’integrazione della ricerca azione con i principali strumenti di valutazione sviluppati in letteratura al fine di supportare le differenti fasi del processo decisionale. Tale framework, opportunamente declinato secondo le specificità del caso studio trattato, può rappresentare un valido supporto per l’implementazione e la trasposizione in ambito istituzionale dell’approccio alla ricerca-azione per la conservazione del patrimonio.
This paper systematically reviews publications for the period 2002–2020 addressing the barriers to climate adaptation of cultural and natural heritage in the Northern and Southern poles. Climate change and its socio-economic implications deteriorate different forms of cultural and natural heritage, including archaeological sites, historic buildings, and indigenous heritage in the polar regions. Climate adaptation of cultural and natural heritage of polar regions is challenged due to the barriers, constraints, and limitations of various factors such as lack of awareness of polar heritage, remoteness of the sites, and lack of tools and facilities. This paper first presents the general characteristics of 76 documents out of 218. It then analyzes the barriers derived from the content analysis of the publications. Despite growing interest in polar studies, incomplete and inaccurate data and inventories and facilities and tools as technological constraints negatively affect building climate adaptation of polar heritage. Following that, existing regulations and organizations are found to be ineffective and slow to address the issues of communication and collaboration for building climate adaptation of polar heritage. The findings will discuss the policy implications of understanding barriers and tackling them to facilitate the climate adaptation of polar heritage.
