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In East Asia two major factors contribute to a heightening policy focus on the livability of cities: (1) political reform accompanying the rise of civil society and the emergence of an affluent middle class wanting a better quality of life, and (2) intensifying intercity economic competition pursued through urban design aimed at achieving world cit...
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Desakota' has been acknowledged as a unique landscape condition in South East Asia and Indonesia especially. In the middle of emerging economies and rapid urban development, 'desakota' as a peri-urban area suffers environmental degradation in the economy and socio-culture because of poor planning and control from state and local authority. Inequali...
In general, urban social sustainability has received little recognition in built environment disciplines. To comprehend the social dimensions of sustainable urban design, an understanding of urban planning features is required which takes into consideration the engagement of the local community. The article focuses on the impact that intense sustai...
Citations
... A convivial city is oriented toward neighborliness, chance encounters, social gatherings, unscripted spontaneity in the use of common and public spaces, and place-making by urban residents (Douglass, 2008:32; see Table 1 of Douglass, 2008 for additional details). The city with conviviality captures vernacular architecture and identity with neighborhood markers, including old buildings and common meeting areas. ...
... It is instead taken to indicate a civic space in which people of different origins and walks of life can co-mingle overt control by government, commercial or other private interest. Such civic spaces are the key to convivial city life [9]. ...
Conviviality is a popular concept in urban design while referring to the good qualities of public spaces. This concept is the need for current times when social life in physical public spaces is declining away largely to forces like social media and the virtual world. The human tendency to feel satisfied and happy exists in existence with others. The social media has taken away the role that established Greek agora as the first centre of public interaction which initiated the concepts of modern democracy. Where popular public spaces have big roles to perform, the small public spaces in the neighbourhood and markets perform an important role to stage the everyday local nuisance in people's life. Even If public space is satisfactory enough to take away the loneliness and boredom of everyday course of modern living a lot can be achieved. Conviviality is one such factor which helps to elevate the satisfaction of spending time with others. This paper is an attempt to understand conviviality and relate it to public open spaces from the physical planning point of view.
... The delicate interplay between artists' location choices and governments' developmental ambitions must be mediated through institutionalized collaboration that is immune from corporate capture. In its most democratized form, this process can yield what Douglass (2008) calls the "convivial city," characterized by grassroots development and the preservation of vernacular authenticity. The collaboration exhibited in Mullae should not be unduly romanticized. ...
The transition from an industrial to knowledge-based economy is impacting urban growth across Asia. Many cities now seek to lure educated professionals through arts and cultural amenities, with a common focus on disinvested neighborhoods. The underlying planning tactics often favor top-down intervention over multi-sectoral collaboration, marginalizing and displacing the politically weaker constituencies that give neighborhoods their authenticity. Many studies have examined the drivers and impacts of this process in Western contexts, but further research is needed to understand collaborative governance for urban art districts in neoliberal contexts. Mullae, an artist-originated district in Seoul, illustrates collaboration between civil society and local government in such a context. Based on in-depth interviews, document analysis, and observational research, this study examines tensions among parties participating in and affected by urban development in art districts. Empirical findings are interpreted through a framework that focuses on three dialectics: economy, policy, and culture. Government overtures to collaboration are found to provide only limited avenues of policy influence among artists. This suggests the need for further research about the role of neoliberal forces in replicating elite place-building power structures, which remain at theoretical and practical odds with the concept of collaborative governance.
... In this highly competitive contest over income from land leases, residential construction has become part of a strategy of territorial consolidation (Hsing, 2010). Furthermore, government agencies also own a considerable number of China's domestic developers, and they are directly involved in site selection, land assembly, and basic infrastructure provision (Douglass, 2008;Douglass and Huang, 2010;Hsing, 2010). ...
Following reforms enacted since the late 1970s, domestic and foreign investments are resulting in a dramatic transformation of China's landscape. The concentrated Maoist city with its cellular multifunctional work-unit structure is disappearing. In its place, cities now emerge as patchworks of mono-functional and mono-cultural enclaves, often demarcated by walls and gates. Based on experiences elsewhere, urban theorists criticize such segregated and gated developments because they threaten social integration and social justice. Focusing on residential enclaves, this introductory article considers the relevance of this criticism for urban China. It is argued that residential enclaves might indeed produce substantial negative effects. However, the materialization of these effects depends on local spatial and social realities. Thus an adequate interpretation of Chinese enclave urbanism necessitates the answering of a number of empirical questions. Among the most prominent are: Does the private provision of services in China lead to or exacerbate exclusion? Do residential enclaves limit contacts among groups? And how do various social groups perceive walls and gates in urban China?
... Urban redevelopment policy in the old part of the city built over traditional forms, replacing them with high-rise complexes and Western-style apartments. From 1981 to 1982, the Olympic bid was the premise for the national government's continued policy of slum clearance and redevelopment in order to project a modern image of Seoul to the world (Douglass 2008). From the late 1980s onward, steep increases in modern apartment buildings completely transformed the image of the city. ...
... The further democratization of Korea, including Seoul's first local elections for mayor and heads of the city's 25 districts ('gu in Korean) in 1995, made room for community-led development (Kim 2006). In the same year, a citizens' group called "Citizens' Solidarity for Sustainable City" was established, and demanded alternative approaches to development that respected traditional culture and the natural environment (Douglass 2008). As the proliferation of modern apartment buildings peaked, creating a new urban frontier, the democratization facilitated a small but notable return of interest in traditional architecture and urbanism in the late 1990s. ...
... Through a resident-led process, the Seoul Metropolitan government established the Bukchon Preservation and Regeneration Project in October 2000 (SMG 2001). By 2006, Bukchon's revitalization achieved major Seoul: a Korean capital 27 FIGURE 1. 3 Samcheongdong streetscape (2010) success in protecting traditional houses, while also generating a new economy of arts-and-crafts shops, restaurants, souvenir shops, and upscale businesses (Douglass 2008). Bukchon Village's revitalization and other key projects for restoring hallmarks of Seoul's traditional urbanism are fueling the momentum for a new era of hybrid urbanism. ...
Seoul is the capital and the largest metropolis of South Korea. In the past six decades, Seoul has experienced a dramatic transformation from the administrative center of an agriculture‐based society to a national and regional powerhouse with cutting edge technology and culture. Seoul has foremost been developed as the capital of a developmental state, but now the city is increasingly pressed by regional and global competition and the neoliberal economic environment. This entry deals with Seoul's past transformation and tasks that lie ahead from demographic, economic, and urban policy perspectives.
