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Standard specification of OpenGL SC 2.0 derived from OpenGL ES 2.0. Source Courtesy of Khronos Group
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OpenGL Safety Critical Profile (OpenGL SC) is a variation of the famous three-dimensional graphics library Open Graphics Library (OpenGL), for safety critical environment. It has been widely used for three-dimensional graphics output in military, avionics, and medical applications. In the year of 2015, OpenGL SC 2.0 was newly released as the newest...
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... Также драйвер необходимо адаптировать для работы под управлением ОСРВ JetOS. Реализация различных версий OpenGL SC на базе коммерческих драйверов рассматривается в работах [9][10][11], однако сертификация этих двоичных драйверов невозможна. ...
The instrument panels of modern aircraft are created according to the concept of a "glass cockpit". This new interface concept enhances the perception of critical flight information by integrating it into one multi-functional display that provides a cohesive, easy-to-read view of flight information. The paper deals with the problems that arise in the development of a certified visualization system for the pilot's display, designed to work on civil aircraft under the Russian real-time operating system JetOS. It is shown that we have successfully solved the problems of multi-window visualization of many aviation applications with an acceptable speed on a promising aviation computing platform. The article lists several algorithmic solutions that allow achieving the required rendering speed, as well as outlines ways for further work.
... -Software: Safety standard compliant programming languages and frameworks (e.g., OpenGL SC [23,27]), 'safe language subsets' (e.g., Brook auto [183]) and tool qualification [184,27] -Device hardware: Safety standard ASIC development requirements [92,3] and development techniques for massproduced devices (e.g., [103,149]) §5 ...
... Graphics GPU devices are used for example in avionics navigation instruments safety-critical systems (see Section 7.1) or in digital dashboards in modern cars [114]. For this reason, a subset of OpenGL ES has been brought apart as OpenGL SC [23], which is designed to comply with critical systems requirements. For example, OpenGL SC removes all the dynamic functionality of its predecessor, which can lead to runtime failures such as dynamic memory allocation or dynamic compilation of GPU code. ...
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) devices and their associated software programming languages and frameworks can deliver the computing performance required to facilitate the development of next-generation high-performance safety-critical systems such as autonomous driving systems. However, the integration of complex, parallel and computationally demanding software functions with different safety-criticality levels on GPU devices with shared hardware resources contributes to several safety certification challenges. This survey categorizes and provides an overview of research contributions that address GPU devices’ random hardware failures, systematic failures and independence of execution.
... CUDARaster [10] and its followers [11], [12], [13] are also software 3D graphics rendering pipeline implementations, with CUDA. CUDARaster was implemented for a specific CUDA model of Fermi, and it also uses some assembly-level codes, for optimization purpose. ...
... CUDARaster [29] and its followers [5,22,28] are also software graphics pipeline implemented in CUDA. It targets NVIDIA Fermi architecture, which was released in 2010, and utilizes the hardware specifications as much as possible. ...
Recently, massively-parallel computing libraries and devices are much widely used, in addition to the traditional 3D graphics systems. In this paper, we present a full 3D fixed-function graphics pipeline, based on the OpenCL, which is one of the most widely used massively-parallel computing library. The full 3D graphics features including WebGL, Web3D and others can be implemented on the massively-parallel computations, without underlying 3D graphics hardware support. Many previous works focused on another massively-parallel system of CUDA, which has a drawback of limited availability. In contrast, we designed and implemented a new architecture with OpenCL, which is now available on various computing devices, including most CPUs, GPUs, and at least theoretically, special-purpose embedded FPGAs. Our work provides full 3D graphics features on OpenCL-capable systems, without dedicated 3D graphics hardware, to finally make 3D graphics features ubiquitous. Technically, we used a top-down approach in its rendering, from the whole screen to precise pixels. At each stage, we tuned our OpenCL implementations and also their global and local parameter spaces. We present the details of our design and also the final result of our implementation, and show its correctness and efficiency.
... With the development of computer hardware and software, users meet various computer graphics user interfaces. These graphical user experiences are ubiquitous features these days [1]. In the field of computer graphics and computer games, the realistic threedimensional graphics scenes are widespread [2]. ...
Graphical user experiences are now ubiquitous features, and therefore widespread. Specifically, the computer graphics field and the game industry have been continually favoring the ambient occlusion post-processing method for its superb indirect light approximation and its effectiveness. Nonetheless of its canonical performance, its operation on non-occluded surfaces is often seen redundant and unfavorable. In this paper, we propose a new perspective to handle such issues by highlighting the corners where ambient occlusion is likely to occur. Potential illumination occlusions are highlighted by checking the corners of the surfaces in the screen-space. Our algorithm showed feasibility for renderers to avoid unwanted computations by achieving performance improvements of 15% to 28% acceleration, in comparison to the previous works.
... The usefulness of computer graphics in various fields has long been emphasized since its origin [1,2]. Ray tracing is a graphics method, based on the individual optical path tracing to get realistic illustrations, as shown in Figure 1. ...
Recently, ray tracing techniques have been highly adopted to produce high quality images and animations. In this paper, we present our design and implementation of a real-time ray-traced rendering engine. We achieved real-time capability for triangle primitives, based on the ray tracing techniques on GPGPU (general-purpose graphics processing unit) compute shaders. To accelerate the ray tracing engine, we used a set of acceleration techniques, including bounding volume hierarchy, its roped representation, joint up-sampling, and bilateral filtering. Our current implementation shows remarkable speed-ups, with acceptable error values. Experimental results shows 2.5–13.6 times acceleration, and less than 3% error values for the 95% confidence range. Our next step will be enhancing bilateral filter behaviors.
... Traditionally, the three graphics pipeline adopt the normalized device coordinate as its reference frame for the intermediate results. For simplicity and efficiency, the normalized device coordinates (x d , y d , z d ) are ranged in a unit cube of [−1, +1] × [−1, +1] × [−1, +1] in the 3D coordinate system [1,3,14]. ...
In the field of large-scale data visualization, the graphics rendering speed is one of the most important factors for its application development. Since the large-scale data visualization usually requires three-dimensional representations, the three-dimensional graphics libraries such as OpenGL and DirectX have been widely used. In this paper, we suggest a new way of accelerated rendering, through directly using the direct rendering manager packets. Current three-dimensional graphics features are focused on the efficiency of general purpose rendering pipelines. In contrast, we concentrated on the speed-up of the special-purpose rendering pipeline, for point cloud rendering. Our result shows that we achieved our purpose effectively.
... To minimize efforts of complicated programming processes and to support hardwareindependent heterogeneous parallel computing ability, Khronos group announced SYCL. Figure 2 shows a framework diagram of SYCL for OpenCL. As described in the SYCL specification [4], SYCL is a cross-platform abstraction C++ programming model for OpenCL. SYCL uses a SMCP (single source multiple compiler passes) approach to compile their codes to generate a SYCL file, which can be executed by both CPU and parallel processors. ...
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In order to make computer graphics from abstract to concreteness, OpenGL visual programming technology is widely used in our life. The illumination, material and atomization in OpenGL function are used to set up the triangular mesh model. OpenGL function is introduced to achieve the goal of rebuilding the object.
