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![5G NR applications and use case families [1]](publication/352018146/figure/fig1/AS:1144580942639104@1649900770209/5G-NR-applications-and-use-case-families-1_Q320.jpg)
5G is expected to cover a wide range of potential use cases due to its flexible and configurable physical layer waveform. One of the use cases proposed is the application of 5G on Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC), which are characterized by very challenging reliability/availability and latency requirements. In addition, multimedia a...
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The impending next generation of mobile communications denoted 5G intends to interconnect user equipment, things, vehicles, and cities. It will provide an order of magnitude improvement in performance and network efficiency, and different combinations of use cases enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC),...
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... Here, every generation is faster than the previous one [4]. Because the aim of today's technology is the fastest data transfer, these things make 5G different from other generations because of its capacity and latency [5,6]. The maximum capacity in fifth generation ultrawideband (UWB) is in gigabits per second (Gbps), which was megabits per second (mbps) in the previous generation (4G) [7]. ...
Microstrip patch antenna (MPA) is widely used for different wireless communications such as WiMAX and fifth generation (5G). In this paper, a wideband, highly efficient, omnidirectional, compact novel patch antenna has been designed and reported for WiMAX/lower 5G communications. The proposed compact MPA is made on Rogers RT 5880 (ɛ r = 2:2 and tan ðδÞ = 0:0009). The physical volume of the MPA is compact (32 × 32 × 0:79 mm 3). The MPA consists of seven small square-shaped elements that are diagonally connected with each other. The 7-element antenna works at 3.592 GHz with a suitable reflection coefficient of-46.78 dB and a-10 dB bandwidth (BW) of 1.40 GHz, covering 3.10-4.50 GHz. The apex gain (G) and the directivity (D) of the designed prototype are 3.90 dB and 4.20 dBi, respectively. The antenna maintains a high efficiency of 94-98% over the 3.10-4.50 GHz operating range. The VSWR of the antenna is close to unity, which is 1.0092 at 3.592 GHz. Initially, CST is used to design the antenna, and then, all the properties have been buttressed by using high frequency structure simulator (HFSS). Finally, a prototype of the compact 7-element antenna has been developed and measured. Owing to getting good results for the intended applications, the presented compact antenna can be a reliable candidate for WiMAX (3.4-3.6 GHz) and lower 5G (3.3-4.2 GHz).
... Besides, authors in [21] combined NOMA with IEEE 802.11n standard to deliver multimedia content (i.e., video transmission) in factory automation environments. Moreover, in [22], authors test the performance of NOMA analyzing throughput, capacity, and latency. Indeed, they compare NOMA with traditional Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) techniques by using 5G as the reference technology, such as Time/Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (T/FDMA). ...
... In this research, the authors analyzed the performances of 3.5 GHz band for capacity and coverage of 5G HetNets in the urban areas. Iradier et al. (2022), analyzed the throughput, capacity and latency in 5G networks using non-orthogonal multiple access schemes. It was found in this work that appropriate models provide better accuracy about the network performances. ...
Small cells, millimeter waves (mmW), and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) deployments have emerged as key technologies for mobile systems in the fifth generation (5G). However, a very few studies have been done on combining these three technologies into the cellular systems. In this paper, the authors provide an in-depth capacity analysis for the integrated small cells of mmW systems. Small cells are deployed for enhancing the capacity. It turns out that mmW signals are responsive to blockages, leading the line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) conditions to have very different path loss rules. They divide power research into low signal-to-noise (SNR) and high SNR regimes based on signal-to-interference plus noise ratio. In the noise-dominated (low-SNR regime), the capacity analysis is derived by the simplest assumptions of the Shannon-Hartley theorem. The results of this study show that under NLOS and LOS scenarios, mmW frequency and distance between the user equipment and base station decrease logarithmically for system capacity.
... The SNR penalty represents the difference between the minimum SNR required to decode the same configuration in single-layer mode and NOMA. These two penalty values have been chosen to guarantee an acceptable worsen reliability of NOMA systems, as shown in [37]. The variation in the requirements of broadcast and unicast services hardly affects availability, so the values shown in Fig. 4 are average values of all the TTIs. ...
A relevant solution for the high demand for new multimedia applications and services is millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band in 5G. However, in order to face the technological challenges of the present and those that will appear in the short-term future, it is necessary to improve the spectral efficiency of 5G systems. In particular, the Radio Resource Management (RRM) module is considered an essential component. Nevertheless, resource allocation techniques that combine orthogonal multiplexing (OMA) schemes, such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), with Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques have not been studied in-depth. Therefore, this article designs and evaluates different RRM models that combine TDMA with NOMA for innovative applications in the 5G mmWave frequency bands. To this end, the advantages and challenges associated with mmWave frequency bands and potential future applications are introduced. An innovative use case has been designed to test the RRM models. The use case is based on the on-demand distribution of multimedia content in high-density environments, such as museum halls. The on-demand content aims at offering Augmented Reality (AR) services to unicast users in order to provide personalized services. The models have been evaluated in terms of throughput, capacity, and availability. According to the results, the combined RRM techniques offer up to 50% more capacity than the single multiplexing technology models and can provide video-on-demand service to practically the entire cell.
