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Background:
Dental students are future dentists. Continuous assessment and improving of the educational curricula will ensure excellent academic performance of dental students and thus providing the community with the best treatment modalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal filling quality performed in extracted teeth by pre...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the maxilla, quality of length was the highest in central incisors (90.6%) followed by lateral incisors (83.3%) and canines (73.7%) while, the quality of density was the highest in first premolars (29.0%) followed by lateral incisors (16.7%), and the quality of taper was the highest in canines (42.1%) followed by lateral incisors (16.7%). However, in the mandible, central incisors had the highest quality of all criteria followed by second molars and then first molars ( Table 5). Quality of root canal fillings according to root canal type is presented in Table 6. ...Similar publications
Background
A hermetic seal at the apical terminus is required for healthy periradicular tissue. Root canal obturation sealers that are used in endodontics are based on zinc oxide eugenol, calcium hydroxide, resins, glass ionomers, silicone, or bioceramics, but no optimal sealer material has been identified to date. Therefore, the aim of this in vit...
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of auxiliary methods in removing residual filling material (RFM). This systematic review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number CRD42020197482). A comprehensive literature search was conducted to ide...
![Void spaces by cone number [Median (Standard Deviation)]](publication/375486417/figure/tbl1/AS:11431281203788088@1699455907908/Void-spaces-by-cone-number-Median-Standard-Deviation_Q320.jpg)
Introduction
This study aimed to evaluate if the apical patency can influence the adaptation of the master cone of gutta-percha, quantifying the volume of voids and areas at the last 2 mm of the working length (WL).
Materials and Methods
Sixty distobuccal canals of extracted upper molars were divided into 3 groups (n=20) based on the patency lengt...
The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the occurrence and intensity of postoperative pain and analgesic intake after root canal treatment, using different root canal sealers. Sixty single-rooted teeth diagnosed with asymptomatic necrosis and apical periodontitis were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups (n=20), according to...
This study evaluated the 3D quality of root-end filling, assessing the presence (volume and percentage) of marginal gaps and internal voids formed after retro-filling with three calcium silicate-based materials: MTA Angelus (Angelus Soluçoes Odontologicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Biodentine (Septodont Ltd., Saint Maur-des-Faussés, France) and Neo MT...
Citations
... Moreover, in addition to misconceptions that arise from an insufficient understanding of principles, a lack of experience might affect students' future clinical performance and lead to procedural accidents, including obturation-related mishaps [17]. These misconceptions should be detected early in training to improve the outcomes of endodontic treatments performed by students, and teaching should be improved for each step of the treatment, including obturation and master GP cone selection and fitting [18]. ...
Background
Misconceptions should be detected early in dental students’ training to improve their clinical performance. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess undergraduate dental students’ knowledge and performance of master gutta-percha (GP) cone selection and fitting during clinical endodontic courses at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University.
Methods
Ninety-nine undergraduate dental students completed an online survey about their knowledge of master GP cone selection. Forty-five of these students were observed by faculty members in clinical endodontic courses while they fitted master GP cones during root canal treatments. The observers recorded the details of each student’s cone-fitting techniques. The data were analysed using t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and chi-square tests (p < 0.05). Inter- and intra-observer reliability were tested using Fliess’ Kappa.
Results Survey
All participants had good knowledge of over-extended cone management, while 80.8% knew how to properly manage a short cone. The proper flaring assessment method was selected by 86.9% of the female and 34.2% of the male students, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0001).
Observation
The students labelled the working length on the master GP cone with an indentation in 64.4% of the cases and by bending the cone 35.6% of the time. Of all students, 84.4% encountered an apical stop, and this rate correlated significantly with the length of the cone on the master apical cone radiograph (p = 0.001). Improper shaping of the canal was the most common cause of ill-fitting cones (83.3%), while 16.7% of the students chose the wrong cone size. The final obturation length was adequate in 80% of the cases; 57.8% of the students were helped by instructors.
Conclusions
Most students had the basic knowledge required to solve problems related to the selection of master GP cones. However, in the clinical setting, more than half of the students required the assistance of an instructor to adjust their cone’s fit. The presence of an apical stop had the most significant effect on the length of the fitted master GP cone on radiography. The most common cause of ill-fitting master cones was improper shaping of the canal.
... Another challenge of the RCT is reflected in its training. In a study where dental students performed RCT on phantoms, they achieved lackluster results, with only 53% of the access canals having adequate depth [7]. ...
Root canal therapy (RCT) is a widely performed procedure in dentistry, with over 25 million individuals undergoing it annually. This procedure is carried out to address inflammation or infection within the root canal system of affected teeth. However, accurately aligning CT scan information with the patient's tooth has posed challenges, leading to errors in tool positioning and potential negative outcomes. To overcome these challenges, a mixed reality application is developed using an optical see‐through head‐mounted display (OST‐HMD). The application incorporates visual cues, an augmented mirror, and dynamically updated multi‐view CT slices to address depth perception issues and achieve accurate tooth localization, comprehensive canal exploration, and prevention of perforation during RCT. Through the preliminary experimental assessment, significant improvements in the accuracy of the procedure are observed. Specifically, with the system the accuracy in position was improved from 1.4 to 0.4 mm (more than a 70% gain) using an Optical Tracker (NDI) and from 2.8 to 2.4 mm using an HMD, thereby achieving submillimeter accuracy with NDI. 6 participants were enrolled in the user study. The result of the study suggests that the average displacement on the crown plane of 1.27 ± 0.83 cm, an average depth error of 0.90 ± 0.72 cm and an average angular deviation of 1.83 ± 0.83°. Our error analysis further highlights the impact of HMD spatial localization and head motion on the registration and calibration process. Through seamless integration of CT image information with the patient's tooth, our mixed reality application assists dentists in achieving precise tool placement. This advancement in technology has the potential to elevate the quality of root canal procedures, ensuring better accuracy and enhancing overall treatment outcomes.
... Training with extracted human teeth has the advantage of clinical condition comparability [5]. The utilization of extracted teeth as a means of instructing preclinical students in the field of endodontics has been widely adopted, providing students with a valuable opportunity to develop their skills prior to engaging in clinical practice with real patients [5,10]. Students in their fifth year of study who have successfully completed the theory and practical portions of RDS 424 are enrolled in the clinical endodontics (RDS 511) course. ...
... The examination of the technical proficiency of RCT conducted by undergraduate preclinical dental students has garnered attention in numerous countries characterized by distinct educational systems [5,10,[22][23][24]. Regular evaluation of preclinical endodontic student performance results will help to enhance dental education and raise the standard of students' clinical performance [5,10]. ...
... The examination of the technical proficiency of RCT conducted by undergraduate preclinical dental students has garnered attention in numerous countries characterized by distinct educational systems [5,10,[22][23][24]. Regular evaluation of preclinical endodontic student performance results will help to enhance dental education and raise the standard of students' clinical performance [5,10]. Few studies involving the assessment of the technical proficiency of preclinical students have been undertaken, despite the significance of completing preclinical RCTs [6,10,22,24,25]. ...
Background
The educational process in the field of endodontics commences with preclinical exercises to enhance students’ proficiency in cleaning, shaping, and performing root canal fillings. Therefore, this study aimed to radiographically evaluate the technical quality of root canal fillings performed by preclinical students on extracted teeth at the College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A total of 788 extracted human teeth received root canal treatment by undergraduate students. The samples were then gathered and radiographically assessed using the three quality criteria of length, density, and taper. The category of root canal fillings was classified as either acceptable or unacceptable. The criteria for evaluating the acceptability of filling quality were defined based on the presence of adequate length, density, and taper. The effectiveness of root canal fillings was also evaluated in relation to the tooth type, sex, and treatment year. The agreement between the examiners was evaluated using Cohen’s kappa test, and the relationship between the research variables was determined using the chi-squared test. The significance threshold was set at 0. 05.
Results
The overall quality of root filling was determined to be satisfactory in 532 (67.5%) of 788 endodontically treated extracted teeth. The majority of the research sample (88.1%) had enough length, 89.6% had adequate density, and 86.4% had acceptable taper. The quality of anterior teeth was substantially better than that of posterior teeth (p < 0.001). Our findings showed that the quality of root canals was better in 2022 than it had been in earlier years (p = 0.001). The three RCT quality criteria differed significantly when compared between sexes (p = 0.002).
Conclusions
The quality of the root canal fillings completed by undergraduate students was rated as acceptable. The findings of the research suggest that the implementation of routine assessments to evaluate the technical competence of undergraduate dental students performing root canal treatments could provide significant insights into the efficacy of the curriculum requirements.
... However, epidemiological evaluations of the technical quality and result/outcome of treatments performed have recognized the need to improve the performance of students and general dentists in endodontics' clinical practice [14,29,30]. Studies stress that, before graduation, students should be exposed to various clinical cases adapted to their level of training, to prepare for a future independent, but responsible, clinical practice. ...
... It is also essential that every agent know their limits and be aware of the need for continued learning throughout their lifetime [16,31]. Thus, introducing new materials and techniques in undergraduate teaching, as well as monitoring the results obtained, is imperative for a better outcome for future professionals, to provide the best and safest clinical practice for patients [14,29]. ...
Rotary instrumentation has been proposed in undergraduate teaching. The aim of this study was to evaluate student’s performance, through the obturation quality and treatment time, in a sequential range of L-simulated root canals. A senior undergraduate dental student sequentially prepared randomly numbered canals from 1 to 40, with the WaveOne Gold glider and primary file, according to the manufacturer instructions. A gutta-percha cone matched with the finishing instrument and epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus) was selected for the obturation. Three independent observers evaluated the obturation quality according to both density and length. Active, total instrumentation and obturation times were also measured. Statistical analysis was obtained by Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. The quality of the obturation was independent of the number of prepared canals with adequate length and density in 87.5% of the prepared canals. Both active and total instrumentation, as well as obturation times, reduced significantly as the number of the prepared canals by the student increased (p ˂ 0.05). The use of WaveOne Gold instrumentation and matched cone obturation by an inexperienced operator provided an adequate obturation quality in most of the curved simulated canals. The working time was significantly reduced through a short learning curve.
... Odontometric plays an important role in sex determination in forensic dentistry such as identification of the dead bodies during criminal accidents, and also knowing the personality in cases of mysterious crimes [5]. The obtained human sound extracted teeth can help a lot in education for dental students and specialists [6,7,8]. ...
Background: The teeth are the hardest tissues in our bodies and after death; they maintain their original features for the long term. Teeth measurements were used in forensic medicine for sex determination and can support dental students and orthodontists to apply their practical sections. Aims: The current study aimed to measure the crown dimensions from the buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) directions and their benefits for adult Sudanese maxillary molars teeth. Material and methods: This study was conducted on 120 adult Sudanese extracted sound maxillary molar teeth (60 male and 60 female), ages ranging between 26 to 48 years. The teeth were fixed in 10% formalin immediately after they were removed. The measurements in millimeters were applied by using Vernier caliper on the crown buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions. The data values were analyzed by using the SPSS program. Results: The crown dimensions of molars teeth are slightly large in males than in females, and the buccolingual crown dimension is slightly large than mesiodistal. Conclusion: The morphometric data values of the adult Sudanese extracted molar teeth can be used in forensic cases identity, orthodontics, and teaching dental students and professionals.
... However, it was concluded in studies by Rahbaran and Huang [2,20] et al. that the root canal filling quality did not affect apical surgery. The evaluated root canal filling specifications were as follows [21][22][23]: (1) Length: a: adequate, the end of the root canal filling material is 0 to 2 mm from the apex of the radiation; b: short-filling, the end of the root canal filling material is over 2 mm from the apex of the radiation; and c: overfilling, the root canal filling material exceeds the radiation apex and (2) Density: a: adequate, no voids present within the root canal filling materials or between root canal filling materi- als and root canal walls and b: inadequate, visible voids present within the root canal filling materials or between root canal filling materials and root canal walls. Therefore, there were no clear numerical quantifications of the evaluation criteria for root canal filling quality; thus, there were differences in the poor root canal filling qualities. ...
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of apical backfilling depth on the apical sealing of different root canal filling qualities and morphologies.
Methods: 3D-printed root canals (A: round, B: oval, C: long oval, D: flat) were used and divided into subgroups by root canal filling quality (a: good, b: poor, c: nonfilling) and backfilling depth (3 mm, 5 mm). A glucose microleakage device was used to measure leakage.
Results: (1) 3-mm iRoot BP Plus was filled at the apex, and no obvious leakage occurred in the good root canal filling group, which was significantly smaller than that in the poor/nonfilling groups (P < 0.05). Under good root canal filling conditions in groups A, B, C, and D, no obvious leakage was observed. Under poor/nonfilling root canal filling conditions, there was significant leakage; A and B (P > 0.05) and C and D were compared (P < 0.05). (2) Apical backfilling with 5-mm iRoot BP Plus showed no significant leakage in the poor root canal filling groups with the four morphologies.
Conclusion: 3-mm iRoot BP Plus was filled at the apex, root canal filling was poor, apical sealing was poor, and root canal morphology affected apical sealing. Apical backfilling with 5-mm iRoot BP Plus improved apical sealing under poor root canal filling conditions, and apical sealing was unaffected by root canal morphology.
... There is currently an increased worldwide awareness of the importance of the preservation of natural teeth, resulting in a global increase in the number of root canal treatments (RCT) [1][2][3][4]. However, this conservative demand clashes with the perception of many general dentists who consider endodontic practice to be complex, difficult to master, and a major source of stress [5], and this could be associated with an increase in RCTs with often less-than-ideal quality [6][7][8]. It is also suggested that aptitude takes on an important role in this regard, given that a high percentage of dentists also consider their endodontic training to be inadequate [9]. ...
... In addressing the quality of endodontic teaching, dental schools have undergone changes to improve the teaching-learning process for students [13], specifically pre-clinical instrumentation practices. There are universities that continue to instruct in the stepback technique using steel files (K-files) [4,14] which, being more rigid, can lead to errors during the procedure [15,16]; on the contrary, other universities have chosen to teach undergraduate students to use rotary instrumentation with nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments [8,[17][18][19] because they allow the performance of RCTs to be achieved in a fast and predictable way [3,11,16,20,21], presenting lower complication rates [10,22] due to the fact that these rotary instruments cause fewer errors in the root canal preparation compared to manual files [23] because they are more flexible [24]. With NiTi instruments, it is possible to improve the student's experience in their preclinical training [10] because, by performing these treatments more quickly, the number of practice attempts is increased, and an increase in the repetition of a procedure has proven to be very useful in preparing students in the acquisition of acceptable preclinical skills that will translate into better preparation and the optimization of their future professional practices [4,11,22,25,26]. ...
The aim of this study was to compare the behavior of two heat-treated file systems on resin blocks in unskilled hands. For this purpose, an in vitro, randomized, cross-sectional study was conducted to compare ProTaper Gold (PTG) with BlueShaper (BS) files. A total of 81 resin blocks were used and analyzed photographically to assess the amount of material removed during instrumentation. PTG removed more material on the outside of the curve in the coronal and apical third, while BS removed more material on the inner part of the curve in the middle third. The procedural errors observed in the total sample were apical transportation (33.8%), blockages (4.9%), ledges (3.7%), and canal perforation. PTG produced more apical transportation, and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the formation of ledges, canal perforations, or blockages. No file fractures were recorded during the study. Within the limitations of this study, we can affirm that neither file excessively deformed the artificial canals, and the PTG file produced more apical transportation.
... This knowledge is utilized to start learning root canal treatment on endodontic typodonts. Assessment of these skills and altering clinical teaching accordingly leads to well-trained dental graduates, who attain a smooth shift from pre-clinical environment to patient care clinics 7,8 . Current years have seen a noticeable surge in the patient's demand for root canal treatment in line to the increased age of the people, so it is imperative that dental students possess knowledge and skills of this discipline to meet this demand. ...
Background: Students at pre clinical level at Fatima Jinnah Dental College are taught root canal treatment on endodontic typodonts. Technical quality of the root canal treatments performed by these students was assessed to determine success of teaching methodology and reinforcement of tooth morphology concepts. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, obturation quality of 20 anterior and 30 posterior endodontic typodonts were evaluated on the parameters of length, density and taper. The collected data was evaluated using SPSS software, version 20.0. Chi square analysis was applied to compare the quality of root canal obturation between types of tooth. Kappa statistics was used for inter examiner reliability. Results: After assessing the three variables, adequate length control was observed in (92.9%), while 7.1% of under filling was seen in both groups. Percentage of teeth showed homogeneity in obturation density that is 30%, 60% teeth showed acceptable, whereas 10% showed unacceptable obturation homogeneity. 55.6% teeth showed perfect obturation taper and 4% showed acceptable. Conclusion: The obtained results showed root canal treatment quality done by Fatima Jinnah Dental College undergraduate dental students to be adequate on anterior endodontic typodont teeth as compared to posterior endodontic teeth. This will guide us in utilizing further demonstration hours and more practice time on posterior endodontic teeth. Our study also displayed the need of incorporating hands on practice of root canal treatments on extracted teeth before students are allowed to work on patients. Keywords: Root Canal Treatment, Endodontic Typodont, Obturation, Preclinical.
... [1] This situation represents a healthcare problem as it can lead to medical, economic, and ethical consequences. [1,2] Consequently, it could be considered that the lack of technological equipment would be a determining factor for performing quality endodontic treatment; however, the literature shows that there are no statistically significant differences between performing the endodontic treatment using the lateral compaction technique when compared with thermoplastic canal obturation techniques. [3,4] In this situation, it is important to propose improvements to the lateral compaction technique. ...
... In the case of dental caries, if this deficit in access to health is not resolved in the early stage of the disease, a greater investment of resources will be required to terminate the disease, as is the case with endodontics. [1][2][3][4][5] Technological advances in health have made it possible to improve and optimize procedures that comprise the endodontic treatment; however, these advances must be constantly corroborated, in addition to proposing continuous improvements, particularly if they ensure quality and accessibility. [6] The endodontic treatment procedure begins with a combination of mechanical instrumentation and chemical debridement, after which the worked canal is filled with a biocompatible material to maintain or restore the health of the periapical tissue. ...
Objective: The aim of this article is to evaluate the quality of filling in
endodontically treated root canals using the lateral condensation technique
and modified lateral condensation technique. Materials and Methods: Thirtytwo
single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups that were assigned by
simple randomization according to the filling technique. Once the endodontic
treatment was performed, a periapical radiograph was taken to assess the quality
according to the radiographic density and tomography was taken to evaluate
the quality according to the tomographic volume of spaces, compared with the
post-preparation biomechanical tomography. Finally, we performed a statistical
analysis (Student’s t-test) to evaluate whether there were differences between
the types of filling. Results: Radiographic radiodensity was 182.89 ± 9.81 and
186.72 ± 6.97 HU for teeth treated with the lateral condensation technique and
modified lateral condensation technique, respectively. The void volume was
3.75 ± 2.35 and 2.43 ± 1.18 mm3 for teeth treated with the lateral condensation
technique and modified lateral condensation technique, respectively. Conclusion:
No significant differences were found between the techniques for both filling
quality parameters.
Keywords: Endodontics, filling techniques, in-vitro study, lateral condensation
... The results of the study revealed that the anterior and single-rooted teeth had significantly better quality than the posterior and multi-rooted teeth which had poor quality root canal fillings. The obturation quality of the mandibular teeth was better than that of the maxillary teeth [9] An assessment study was conducted to assess the technical quality of endodontic cases treated by heterogeneous groups with different clinical experiences. They concluded that clear distinction in clinical experience showed statistical differences in the root filling quality among fourth-year undergraduates, dental interns, endodontic program students, and endodontic specialists. ...
Endodontic mishaps during root canal treatment (RCT) are considered to be one of the most commonly encountered errors, which affect the quality of treatment and may have dangerous health implications for patients.
The present study was conducted to assess the frequency and types of endodontic mishaps in root canal-treated teeth performed by undergraduate dental students.
A total 404 endodontically treated teeth were performed by undergraduate dental students of King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The radiographs of the endodontically treated teeth were studied for a period of 6 months, and the related demographic data were collected from patient files.
The most commonly identified mishaps were related to obturation, where the maximum number of cases (68.1%) had under-obturated root canals. More endodontic mishaps were performed by students in level 9 education. The upper left 2nd molar teeth had a higher frequency of mishaps, and molars were found to have more access-related mishaps. Lastly, access-related and instrument-related mishaps had a low frequency of occurrence.
The majority of endodontic mishaps found in the study sample were related to root canal obturation. The undergraduate students at level 9 were less proficient in conducting RCTs with many endodontic mishaps when compared to the cases performed by students at higher levels. The study suggests relevant guidance for dental students while performing RCTs, especially during obturation of the root canals.
