Fig 1 - uploaded by Kida Noriyuki
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
[Purpose] It is very important to consider effects that postural deviations has on muscle activity when treating low back pain. Therefore, activities of trunk and hip joint muscles in healthy adults while they attempted three postural conditions of neutral, sway-back, and lordosis was compared and evaluated in this study. [Subjects and Methods] The...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... subject was asked to attempt one of the three postural conditions (Fig. 1) of (1) neutral, (2) sway-back, and (3) lordosis in a random order with the upper limbs hanging down while gazing at the mark placed at the subject's eye level two meters ahead of each subject at the time of the measurement. Items that were measured included muscle activity and spino-pelvic curvature. Prior to measurement, the subjects ...
Similar publications
This study aimed to analyze the profile of physical condition of taekwondo junior athletes pusklatkot (training centre) Kediri City year 2016 to compete in 2017 East Java regional competition. The type of research is non experiment with technique of data collection using survey method and testing technique. Subjects were all Taekwondo junior athlet...
[Purpose] The study aimed to preliminarily investigate the effects of mechanical-bed massage on exercise-induced back fatigue in athletes. [Subjects and Methods] Twelve male college athletes, randomly allocated to experimental or control groups, were instructed to perform reverse sit-up for 8 sessions until they became fatigued. The experimental gr...
[Purpose] This study aims to determine the specific proprioceptive control strategy used during postural balance in older patients with low back pain (LBP) and non-LBP (NLBP) and to assess whether this strategy is related to proprioceptive decline and LBP. [Subjects and Methods] Pressure displacement center was determined in 47 older persons with L...
Objectives:
This study aims to assess muscle fatigue for kitchen workers during various tasks in a kitchen.
Material and methods:
This study consists of 2 phases: a) surface electromyography (EMG) to determine muscle fatigue of trapezius and erector spinae muscles bilaterally for 12 healthy male volunteers during 30 min of Indian flatbread (chap...
Objective
To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and the patterns of postoperative spinal infection according to the passage of time.
Methods
Institutional review board approval was obtained, and informed consent was not obtained for the retrospective review of patients’ medical records. A total of 43 patients (27 men and 16...
Citations
... Wong et al. [47] found that long-term hunched sitting decreased the activity of the internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles. Fujitani et al. [48] found that recurrence of LBP significantly reduced the activity of posture control muscles. And Chen et al. [49] found that the thoracolumbar fascia stiffened significantly in a sitting position and increased with forward trunk positioning. ...
Background: The risk of low back pain (LBP) increases steeply during adolescence, and adolescents with LBP are more likely to have low back pain in their adult years. This study aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship between daily screen time and the risk of low back pain among children and adolescents.
Methods: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to collect relevant studies on daily screen time and the risk of low back pain from the establishment of the database up to December 2022. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. Stata16.0 was used to perform a dose-response meta-analysis and the methodological quality evaluation of the included studies.
Results: The results of the meta-analysis showed that there is a positive correlation between daily computer time (OR = 1.32, 1.05–1.60), daily mobile phone time (OR = 1.32, 1.00–1.64), daily TV watching (OR = 1.07, 1.04–1.09) and the risk of low back pain, separately. The dose–response meta-analysis showed that there is a linear relationship between daily computer use and low back pain. The risk of low back pain increased by 8.2% for each 1-hour of daily computer use.
Conclusions: Screen time is related to the risk of low back pain, and there is a linear relationship between daily computer use and the risk of low back pain. A number of strategic measures should be taken to prevent adolescents from developing severe low back pain.
Fullsize Image
... These are the most commonly used muscles, based on previous research. Moreover, structurally speaking, electrodes can easily be attached to these muscles [1,15,18]. Each surface electrode was attached parallel to the muscle fibers. ...
... Erect standing: a posture that is characterized by the formation of an angle of 1 between the markers attached to the acromion, greater trochanter, and lat malleolus [15]. • Sway standing (sway back): a posture that is characterized by a difference of an an of >15° between the markers attached to the acromion, greater trochanter, and late The participants were also evaluated for changes in the electromyographic activities of the four trunk muscles, depending on gait posture, while walking on a treadmill [1,18]. ...
... However, the activity of trunk muscles was relatively higher on the opposite side of the weight-bearing limb. This is in agreement with previous studies, showing that a difference in muscle activity could be detected, depending on the posture or weight-bearing activity [18,33]. In addition, the size effects of the EO and LE muscles were greater than 0.8 ( Table 2), indicating that these muscles are relatively more easily affected during "unilateral weight bearing" than other muscles. ...
Background and Objectives: Many people tend to carry their bags or baggage on only one side of their body. Due to smartphone use, people also tend to walk bent forward in a kyphotic posture. In this study, we aimed to assess trunk muscle activity changes due to weight-bearing, carried in the left or right hand, and using three different gait postures. Materials and Methods: We recruited 27 healthy participants (aged 19–75 years) with no history of LBP within the last 6 months before study participation. Electromyographic activities of the lower back and the abdominal muscles of the participants were evaluated using four-channel surface electromyography (EMG). Surface EMG recordings were obtained from four trunk muscles, including the flexor (rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO)) and extensor muscles (lumbar erector spinae (LE), and the superficial lumbar multifidus (LM)), during unilateral weight-bearing tasks and with different gait postures (normal gait, with a sway back, and thoracic kyphosis). Results: In the “unilateral weight-bearing task”, there was a significant difference in the activity of all the trunk muscles between the weight-bearing limb side and the opposite side (p < 0.05). The activation of the left trunk muscle was greater than that of the right trunk muscle when the dumbbell was lifted using the right hand. The other side showed the same result. In the “gait posture task” performed by the participants using a sway-back posture, the RA and EO had a higher level of activity in the stance and swing phases compared with that in a neutral gait (p < 0.05). Moreover, in the participants with a thoracic kyphosis posture, the LE and LM had a higher level of activity compared with that in a neutral gait (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results indicate that abnormal gait posture and unilateral weight-bearing tasks may impair the balance of trunk muscles, increasing the incidence of LBP. However, further large-scale, prospective, controlled studies are warranted to corroborate our results.
... Therefore, an increase in muscle activity of TrA/IO increases back and hip muscle activity(6). Muscle co-activation is usually found when people are kept in an upright position, such as standing, or performing exercises (13)(14)(15)(16). Consequently, studies on muscle activity have become important to determine how people's muscles are activated during exercise (17,18). ...
Background
The abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) is a core stability exercise through the activation of the transversus abdominis and internal abdominal oblique (TrA/IO). However, controlling muscle activity of TrA/IO is difficult, especially when combined with other exercises. It has been proposed that real-time visual biofeedback (RVBF) can increase muscle activation but it has not been investigated in standing and lunge positions.
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effect of ADIM with RVBF on muscle activity during standing and lunge positions.
Methods
Twelve young adults (21.5 ± 2.1 years) were recruited for this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) was attached to 1) TrA/IO; 2) lumbar multifidus (LM); 3) lumbar erector spinae (LES); 4) gluteus medius (GMed); and 5) gluteus maximus (GMax) during ADIM and without ADIM (no-ADIM). Those data were processed and reported as a percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The RVBF was used to provide feedback to participants during ADIM in both standing and lunge positions.
Results
During standing position, the ADIM of about 24.92%MVIC of TrA/IO can increase the muscle activity of LM (p < 0.01), LES (p < 0.01), and GMed (p = 0.02) when compared to no-ADIM. During lunge position, the ADIM of about 25.48%MVIC of TrA/IO can increase the muscle activity of GMax (p < 0.01) when compared to no-ADIM.
Conclusions
ADIM of about 25%MVIC of TrA/IO is sufficient to improve back and hip muscle activity. Therefore, we recommended ADIM with RVBF when exercising in the standing and lunge positions.
... •h10. Keeping the trunk curved (Wilke et al., 2001;Hoogendoorn et al., 2002;Alexopoulos et al., 2004;Punnett and Wegman, 2004;Aasa et al., 2005;Simon et al., 2008;Costa and Vieira, 2010;Hooftman et al., 2009;Widanarko et al., 2012;Fujitani et al., 2017;Balaguier et al., 2017;Soroush et al., 2018;Zhang et al., 2019;Dianat et al., 2020;Leite et al., 2021) directly increases symptoms in the middle back. ...
The loss of workers to musculoskeletal disorders in Brazil represents one of the main health problems in the population. However, studies on workers from the inner Brazilian regions are still scarce. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper, middle, and lower back of workers in the inner northeast of Brazil. Based on a cross-sectional study of 420 workers (simple random sampling method), risk factors associated with the back were identified using an ordinal logistic regression model and a structural equation model (SEM). The influence of psychosocial, biomechanical, sociodemographic, and occupational factors in the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders among workers was confirmed to exist. Biomechanical factors such as physical demands contributed directly to back symptoms. The influence of psy-chosocial factors was indirect and mediated by psychosocial stress. Occupational factors such as employment contract and hours worked per day, and socio-demographic factors such as age (≥45 years) had a direct influence on upper back symptoms. Working with a curved spine and with the lower limbs in an uncomfortable position have a direct influence on mid-back and lumbar symptoms, respectively. This study confirmed that the origin of WMSDs, in the three regions of the back, is multifactorial and complex. Relevance to industry: The musculo-skeletal disorders have a not only a multifactorial, but also a complex origin, and risks factors may direct and indirect role in the development of symptoms. The findings are useful for better understanding and prevention of WMSD.
... O objetivo da pesquisa era analisar a atividade muscular e a curvatura espino pélvica necessárias para adotar as posturas citadas. Fujitani et al. (2017) descobriram que "a atividade dos músculos internos do tronco e do quadril foi diminuída na postura sway back e a atividade dos músculos do tronco foi aumentada na lordose, sugerindo que "os desvios posturais afetaram o controle muscular na área lombo-pélvica". ...
Introdução: Este estudo preocupou-se com o tema postura corporal em escolares com 10 a 15 anos de idade da rede pública de ensino do município de Águia Branca (ES). Objetivo: avaliar membros inferiores de escolares de 10 a 15 anos de idade de ambos os sexos. Métodos: foram demarcados pontos anatômicos localizados em membros inferiores (espinha ilíaca ântero-superior, trocânter maior do fêmur, cabeça da fíbula, ponto médio da patela, tuberosidade da tíbia, maléolos medial e lateral, e ponto entre o segundo e terceiro osso metatarsal) seguidos de fotografias (biofotogrametria). Em seguida foi utilizado o Software para a Avaliação Postural (SAPO) para realizar a análise das fotografias. Resultados: verificou-se que os desvios mais frequentes foram o desnível do quadril, joelho valgo e joelho flexo. Houve maior frequência de desvios no joelho no sexo feminino e de desvios no quadril no sexo masculino (apesar de ambos os sexos apresentarem porcentagem altas nas duas localidades de desvios). Conclusão: é sugestivo que as escolas e os professores, não apenas do município estudado, trabalhem com propostas de prevenção de tais desvios, pois a partir destes, outras alterações (articulares, musculares ou em forma de desvios) poderão surgir ao longo de suas vidas.ABSTRACT. Postural evaluation in lower limbs of schoolchildren by biophotogrammetry. Introduction: this study was concerned with the theme of corporal posture in students aged 10 to 15 years of age in the public school system of the city Águia Branca-ES. Objective: to evaluate the lower members of schoolchildrens between 10 and 15 years of age of both genders. Methods: anatomical points were demarcated in lower members (antero-superior iliac spine, bigger trochanter of the femur, fibula head, mid-point of the patella, tuberosity of the tibia, medial and lateral malleoli, and point between the second and third metatarsal bones), and then photographed (biophotogrammetry). After, using the Posture Assessment Software (PAS/SAPO) to perform the analysis of the photographs. Results: it was verified that the most frequent deviations were the hip drop, valgus knee and flex knee. There was a higher frequency of female knee deviations and hip deviations in males (although both genders presented high percentage in the two deviation locations). Conclusion: It is suggestive that schools and teachers, not only in the city studied, work with proposals to prevent such deviations, since from these, other changes (joint, muscle or in the form of deviations) may arise throughout their lives.
Objective:
To compare the effects of Pilates exercise (PE) with other forms of exercise on pain and disability in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) and to inform clinical practice and future research.
Study design:
Systematic review with meta-analysis conducted and reported in line the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-analysis.
Literature search:
Six electronic databases were searched from inception to April 2021.
Study selection criteria:
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of PE with other forms of exercise for adults with CNSLBP on pain and disability.
Data synthesis:
Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias of the trials, guided by the Cochrane RoB2 tool. Available data were extracted for meta-analysis with subgroup analysis. Pilates exercise was compared to general exercise (GE), direction-specific exercise (DSE) and spinal stabilisation exercise (SSE). Certainty of evidence was interpreted following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.
Results:
Eleven RCTs were included. A low certainty of evidence supported PE was more effective than GE in pain reduction [Effect size (ES) 0.44]. Moreover, very low levels of certainty were revealed for effectiveness of PE compared with DSE for pain reduction (ES 0.65) and equivalence of PE and SSE for pain and disability.
Conclusions:
This review found no strong evidence for using one type of exercise intervention over another when managing patients with CNSLBP. Existing evidence does not allow this review to draw definitive recommendations. In the absence of a superior exercise form clinicians should work collaboratively with the patient, using the individual's goals and preferences to guide exercise selection. Further appropriately designed research is warranted to explore this topic further.
The following scientific works are devoted to the issues of vertical stability of the human musculoskeletal system, exoskeleton and anthropomorphic robot. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Background and Aims: Swayback posture is one of the spinal abnormalities and one of the important causes for the pathology of the Lumbo-Pelvic region. However, due to inadequate information about the method of evaluation among researchers, and also lack of agreement about the muscular changes, less attention has been paid to muscle activity in this posture. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare the electromyographic activity of trunk and hip muscles during standing in females with and without swayback posture. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 30 inactive females selected using purposive sampling method were assigned into two groups of swayback posture and control. Pelvic tilt and sway angles were obtained with camera and electromyography signals from the thoracic and lumbar erector spine, lumbar multifidus, gluteus maximus, medial hamstring, rectus abdominis, external oblique abdominal, and rectus femoris muscles during standing posture. Results: The results of independent t-test demonstrated significant differences between swayback posture and control groups in the pelvic tilt (p ꞊ 0/001) and sway angles (p ꞊ 0/001). Also, no significant differences were shown between the two groups in the electromyographic activity of erector spine, lumbar multifidus, rectus abdominal, external oblique, and hip extensor muscles during standing (p > 0/05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the amounts of activity of the rectus femoris muscle (p ꞊0/012) and internal oblique (p ꞊0/018). Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrated that there are similar muscle contractions in the trunk and hip muscles between two groups of sway back posture and control, which contrary to the previous studies, the perception of passive swayback posture has been somewhat violated. Hence, this can provide a better understanding of the sway back posture for trainers and athletes in assessment and rehabilitation. Cite this article as: Zahra Darzi Sheikh, Foad Seidi*, Reza Rajabi, Hooman Minoonejad. Comparison of the electromyographic activity of trunk and hip muscles during standing in females with and without Swayback posture.
Background
The physiological sagittal spinal curvature represents a typical feature of good body posture in the sagittal plane. The cervical and the lumbar spine are curved anteriorly (lordosis), while the thoracic segment is curved posteriorly (kyphosis). The pelvis is inclined anteriorly, and the lower limbs’ joints remain in a neutral position. However, there are many deviations from the optimal body alignment.
The aim of this paper is to present the most common types of non-structural misalignments of the body posture in the sagittal plane.
Main body of the abstract
The most common types of non-structural misalignments of body posture in the sagittal plane are as follows: (1) lordotic, (2) kyphotic, (3) flat-back, and (4) sway-back postures. Each one may influence both the skeletal and the muscular system leading to the functional disturbance and an increased strain of the supporting structures. Usually, the disturbances localized within the muscles are analyzed in respect to their shortening or lengthening. However, according to suggestions presented in the literature, when the muscles responsible for maintaining good body posture (the so-called stabilizers) are not being stimulated to resist against gravity for an extended period of time, e.g., during prolonged sitting, their stabilizing function is disturbed by the hypoactivity reaction resulting in muscular weakness. The deficit of the locomotor system stability triggers a compensatory mechanism—the stabilizing function is overtaken by the so-called mobilizing muscles. However, as a side effect, such compensation leads to the increased activity of mobilizers (hyperactivity) and decreased flexibility, which may finally lead to the pathological chain of reaction within the musculoskeletal system.
Conclusions
There exist four principal types of non-structural body posture misalignments in the sagittal plane: lordotic posture, kyphotic posture, flat-back posture, and sway-back posture. Each of them can disturb the physiological loading of the musculoskeletal system in a specific way, which may lead to a functional disorder.
When planning postural corrective exercises, not only the analysis of muscles in respect to their shortening and lengthening but also their hypoactivity and hyperactivity should be considered.
