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Photographs (A-C) and solubility/turbidity (D-F) of the native MPs (MP), glycated MPs (MP-DX), and glycated MPs pretreated with high-intensity ultrasound at 400 W (UMP-DX-400) during dialysis. The MP salt solution (0.6 M NaCl) was dialyzed against 0.3 M and 1 mM NaCl solutions. Different uppercase (A-C) and lowercase (a-c) letters indicate significant differences in solubility and turbidity, respectively, after different treatments (P < 0.05).
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The poor water solubility of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) limits their application in food industry, and is directly related to the molecular behavior associated with myosin assembly into filaments. This study aims to explore the effect of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) combined with nonenzymatic glycation on the solubility, structural characterist...
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... simulate the assembly process of myosin molecules. We examined the solubility, turbidity, and microscopic morphology of highsalt media-soluble MP, MP-DX, and UMP-DX-400 after dialysis in 0.3 M and 1 mM NaCl. The 0.6 M NaCl solution of MPs exhibited a transparent and clear appearance, corresponding to the expected high solubility and low turbidity (Fig. 5). As the ionic strength decreased, the native MP samples became turbid and white-colored due to polymerization, reflecting a decrease in solubility and increase in turbidity (Fig. 5A, D). A similar trend was observed for the solubility and turbidity of MP-DX samples; however, the changes were less dramatic than those of the native MP ...
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... in 0.3 M and 1 mM NaCl. The 0.6 M NaCl solution of MPs exhibited a transparent and clear appearance, corresponding to the expected high solubility and low turbidity (Fig. 5). As the ionic strength decreased, the native MP samples became turbid and white-colored due to polymerization, reflecting a decrease in solubility and increase in turbidity (Fig. 5A, D). A similar trend was observed for the solubility and turbidity of MP-DX samples; however, the changes were less dramatic than those of the native MP samples (Fig. 5E). The MP-DX samples were slightly turbid and translucent at each dialysis stage (Fig. 5B). Compared to the native MP and MP-DX samples, the UMP-DX-400 samples displayed a ...
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... 5). As the ionic strength decreased, the native MP samples became turbid and white-colored due to polymerization, reflecting a decrease in solubility and increase in turbidity (Fig. 5A, D). A similar trend was observed for the solubility and turbidity of MP-DX samples; however, the changes were less dramatic than those of the native MP samples (Fig. 5E). The MP-DX samples were slightly turbid and translucent at each dialysis stage (Fig. 5B). Compared to the native MP and MP-DX samples, the UMP-DX-400 samples displayed a more transparent appearance during dialysis (Fig. 5C). Notably, after dialysis against 1 mM NaCl, the solubility of the UMP-DX-400 samples remained at a high level ...
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... due to polymerization, reflecting a decrease in solubility and increase in turbidity (Fig. 5A, D). A similar trend was observed for the solubility and turbidity of MP-DX samples; however, the changes were less dramatic than those of the native MP samples (Fig. 5E). The MP-DX samples were slightly turbid and translucent at each dialysis stage (Fig. 5B). Compared to the native MP and MP-DX samples, the UMP-DX-400 samples displayed a more transparent appearance during dialysis (Fig. 5C). Notably, after dialysis against 1 mM NaCl, the solubility of the UMP-DX-400 samples remained at a high level (Fig. 5F), which indirectly indicated an impaired filament-forming ability. Thus, we ...
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... the solubility and turbidity of MP-DX samples; however, the changes were less dramatic than those of the native MP samples (Fig. 5E). The MP-DX samples were slightly turbid and translucent at each dialysis stage (Fig. 5B). Compared to the native MP and MP-DX samples, the UMP-DX-400 samples displayed a more transparent appearance during dialysis (Fig. 5C). Notably, after dialysis against 1 mM NaCl, the solubility of the UMP-DX-400 samples remained at a high level (Fig. 5F), which indirectly indicated an impaired filament-forming ability. Thus, we speculated that the ultrasound pretreatment combined with glycation might influence the myosin monomer-filament transition, thereby improving ...
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... (Fig. 5E). The MP-DX samples were slightly turbid and translucent at each dialysis stage (Fig. 5B). Compared to the native MP and MP-DX samples, the UMP-DX-400 samples displayed a more transparent appearance during dialysis (Fig. 5C). Notably, after dialysis against 1 mM NaCl, the solubility of the UMP-DX-400 samples remained at a high level (Fig. 5F), which indirectly indicated an impaired filament-forming ability. Thus, we speculated that the ultrasound pretreatment combined with glycation might influence the myosin monomer-filament transition, thereby improving the solubility of MPs in low-salt ...
Citations
... The cavitation phenomenon that occurs during the ultrasonic process may lead to temperature and pressure reaching limits in the liquid. The special energetic surroundings allow a favorable stage for the formation of nanostructures [37][38][39]. Grieser et al. [40] prepared Au NPs using ultrasound-assisted fatty alcohol reduction. The results showed that the extent of AuCl 4 reduction depended on the activity of the gas-liquid interface in solution, and the particle size of the Au NPs was inversely proportional to the alcohol concentration and alkyl chain length. ...
Research and development of high-performance catalysts is a key technology to realize hydrogen energy storage and transportation based on liquid organic hydrogen carriers. Co/beta was prepared using beta zeolite as a carrier via an electrostatic adsorption (ESA)-chemical reduction method, and it was used as the template and reducing agent to prepare bimetallic catalysts via an ultrasonic assisted galvanic replacement process (UGR). The fabricated PdCo/beta were characterized by TEM, XPS, FT-IR, XRD, H2-TPR, and H2-TPD. It was shown that the ultrafine PdCo nanoparticles (NPs) are evenly distributed on the surface of the beta zeolite. There is electron transfer between metal NPs and strong-metal-support-interaction (SMSI), which results in highly efficient catalytic dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (12H-NEC) dehydrogenation performance of PdCo bimetallic catalysts. The dehydrogenation efficiency reached 100 % in 4 h at 180 °C and 95.3 % in 6 h at 160 °C. The TOF of 146.22 min⁻¹ is 7 times that of Pd/beta. The apparent activation energy of the reaction is 66.6 kJ/mol, which is much lower than that of Pd/beta. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, the galvanic replacement reaction is accelerated, and the intermetal and metal-carrier interactions are enhanced, which improves the catalytic reaction performance.
... Two distinct absorption bands were observed in the infrared region, namely, amide I and amide II, which were observed at wavelengths of 1645 cm − 1 and 1537 cm − 1 , respectively. The treated MP had no significant shift for amide I and amide II, indicating that there was no change with C--O stretching and N -H bending and C -N stretching (Han et al., 2022). In addition, a special absorption peak of phosphate groups was detected near 1110 cm − 1 , such as the peak for the MP-STPP group at 1093 cm − 1 , the peak for the MP-STMP group at 1095 cm − 1 , the peak for the MP-STTP group at 1081 cm − 1 , and the peak for the MP-TSPP group at 1083 cm − 1 . ...
... A high α-helix content would favor the stability and order of proteins. The predominant stability mechanism of the α-helix structure involves the formation of hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen (-CO) and the amino hydrogen (NH-) within the backbone of a polypeptide chain (Han et al., 2022). The above results demonstrated that phosphates rearranged and assembled the secondary structure of MP through hydrogen bonds. ...
This study investigated the modification of myofibrillar protein (MP) from the razor clam through phosphorylation by using various phosphate salts, namely, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), sodium polyphosphate (STTP) and sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), and their mechanisms of action for functional and gelling properties. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) showed that MP introduced phosphate groups during phosphorylation; these phosphates changed the secondary structure. Moreover, MP after phosphorylation led to an increase in solubility, which was more evident in the case of TSPP phosphorylation, leading to the improvement of gel properties. Therefore, TSPP was the phosphate with the best gel properties in the modification of MP, showing the highest phosphorus content, which resulted in better gelling properties owing to its relatively shorter chains. These results showed that phosphate was able to improve protein cross-linking through ion interactions and electrostatic interactions, which ultimately improved the gelling properties of the razor clam protein.
... The obtained myosin oligomer, subunit, or monomer could evenly disperse and rapidly cover the oil droplets without the limitations of myosin self-assembly. Moreover, our previous research established that the partial unfolding of protein structures caused by HIU pretreatment could expose the internal reactive groups and glycation sites, facilitating subsequent glycation reactions [19]. This work unlocked an effective method for producing dissolved and stably dispersed MP aqueous solutions and also provided more ideas for improving the functional characteristics of MPs in lowsalt settings. ...
... MP-DX conjugate was prepared according to our previously reported method [19]. The MP suspension (20 mg/mL) was transferred into beakers and treated using Scientz-II D ultrasound generator with a 6.0 mm diameter probe (Scientz Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China). ...
... Notably, UMP-DX consumed more lysine and arginine than MP-DX (P < 0.05), indicating that HIU pretreatment promoted subsequent glycation and improved grafting of DX. This is in agreement with the grafting degree results measured in our previous work [19]. This could be due to the protein structure, which tended to unfold under the cavitation effect of ultrasound, exposing more free amino groups that are conducive to the subsequent glycation reactions [28]. ...
Poor emulsification of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) limits the production of meat protein emulsion-type products, and it is related to the myosin self-assembles in low-salt settings. The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) pretreatment combined with non-enzymatic glycation on MP-stabilized emulsions in low-salt settings was investigated in this study, and the potential mechanism was revealed. The results indicated that, compared to using either HIU or glycation treatment alone, HIU pretreatment in combination with glycation significantly improves the physical stability of emulsions while increasing the distribution uniformity and reducing the droplet particle size from 18.05 μm to 2.54 μm (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the emulsion prepared using this approach exhibited a relatively high absolute zeta potential (−23.58 mV) and a high interfacial protein content (38.78 %) (P < 0.05), promoting molecular rearrangement and forming a continuous and stable interfacial layer. HIU pretreatment combined with glycation could offer reinforced electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance to depolymerize self-assembled filamentous polymers, thus enhancing the stability of droplets. Additionally, the thermal sensitivity of the glycated MPs pretreated by HIU was remarkably reduced, thus improving the thermal stability of the corresponding emulsions.
... As described by Han et al. [26], KBr was mixed with the sample (1:100-1:200), milled to 2-3 µm, and then compressed into tablets/pellets. The AVATAR FT-IR spectrometer (TEN-SOR 27, BRUKER Co., Bremen, Germany) was used (wavenumber range 4000-400 cm −1 , 128 scans). ...
This study evaluated the effect of multi-frequency sonication (20 kHz, 25 kHz, 28 kHz, 40 kHz, 50 kHz) on structural characteristics of beef myofibrillar proteins (MPs) with different degrees of doneness (Rare 52~55 °C, Medium Rare 55~60 °C, Medium 60~65 °C, Medium Well 65~69 °C, Well Down 70~80 °C, and Overcooked 90 °C). The results showed that surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content increased with the increase in degree of doneness. At the same degree of doneness, the sulfhydryl group contents reached the maximum at a frequency of 28 kHz. In addition, the absolute value of ζ-potential was significantly decreased after ultrasonic treatment (p < 0.05). SDS gel electrophoresis showed that the bands of beef MPs were not significantly affected by various ultrasonic frequencies, but the bands became thinner when the degree of doneness reached overcooked. Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that with the increase of ultrasonic frequency, α-helix content decreased, and random coil content significantly increased (p < 0.05). The results of atomic force microscopy indicated that the surface structure of beef MPs was damaged, and the roughness decreased by sonication, while the roughness significantly increased when the degree of doneness changed from medium to overripe (p < 0.05). In conclusion, multi-ultrasound combined with degree of doneness treatment alters the structural characteristics of beef MPs.
... This novel processing method seems to be a cost-effective solution for industrial applications. According to research, there are still some limitations in improving the effectiveness of protein processing through UID [13][14][15]. In this context, UID-assisted processing has shown importance in assisting chemical reactions, particularly the covalent modification of proteins with polyphenols. ...
The efficient synthesis of myofibrillar protein(MRN)-gallic acid (GAD) complex in ultrasound (UID)-assisted processing is a challenging problem in food manufacturing. In this investigation, the effect of viscosity characteristics on the efficiency of UID processing in MRN-based beverages was analyzed. Both viscosity and surface tension can increase sono-physico-chemical effects on the degradation of terephthalic acid and crystal violet, with surface tension having a more significant effect (negative correlation, R2 = 0.99) than viscosity (positive correlation, R2 = 0.79). The structural indicators and microstructure demonstrated that the reaggregation and refolding of the MRN structure during the modification procedure occurred with relatively small three-dimensional dimensions. Compared to the MRN/GAD4 group, the water contact angle of the MRN/GAD7 system enhanced by 129.44%, leading to greater system stability. The ABTS-scavenging capacity of the system increased by approximately 19.45% due to the increase in viscosity of these two categories.
... L-Arginine or L-lysine can inhibit myosin filament assembly by interacting with myosin's acidic residues, thereby providing an electrical charge that also facilitates the stability of myosin molecules at low ionic strength (Li, Li, Zhu, Ning, Cai, & Zhou, 2019). In addition, Han, et al., (2022) inhibited the generation of myosin filament aggregates and improved the water solubility of MP by high-intensity ultrasound binding of dextran by interfering with the electrostatic interactions of myosin rods. ...
This study investigated the impact of low-voltage electrostatic field-assisted freezing on the water-holding capacity of beef steaks. The enhances mechanism of water-holding capacity by electrostatic field was elucidated through the detection of dynamic changes in the myofilament lattice and the construction of an in vitro myosin filaments model. The findings demonstrated that the disorder of the myofilament array, resulted from the aggregation of myosin filaments during freezing, is a crucial factor responsible for the water loss. The intervention of the electrostatic field can effectively reduce the myofibril density by 18.7%, while maintaining a regular lattice array by modulating electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between myofibrils. Moreover, the electrostatic field significantly inhibited the migration of immobilized water to free water, thus resulting in an increase in the water-holding capacity of myofibrils by 36%. This work provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of water loss in frozen steaks and its regulation.
... Locust bean gum is a non-ionic polysaccharide with a lot of hydroxyl groups that may change the structure of MRNs by forming hydrogen bonds [38]. In the UMP/LBG system, hydrogen bonding between locust bean gum and the myosin tail in MRN may disrupt the myosin tail's equilibrium and prevent the tail polymer from assembling [39]. In this sense, sonochemical radicals may have a greater effect on UND-assisted MOI processing owing to the relative stability of the UMP/LBG system. ...
... In addition, the incorporation of various polysaccharides decreased the D [4,3] of MRNs. This might be a result of the impact of these polysaccharides on protein structure, electrostatic interaction, and steric hindrance [39]. Intriguingly, the sizes of the UMP/LBG group are the smallest within the range of particle size distribution from 10% to 90% (Table 1). ...
... Also, in UND-assisted MOI modification, the strong turbulence force may break intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions, which lowers the α-helix content [23,43]. The steric hindrance induced by the covalent alteration of MOI may also reduce the hydrogen bond between MRN molecules, resulting in a decrease in a helical structure [39]. ...
This study aimed to examine the sono-physico-chemical effects of ultrasound (UND) and its impact on the conjugate rates of morin (MOI) following the addition of polysaccharides in various conditions. In comparison to the control group, the incorporation of quaternary ammonium chitosan decreased the rate of MOI conjugation by 17.38%, but the addition of locust bean gum enhanced the grafting rate by 29.89%. Notably, the highest degree of myofibrillar protein (MRN) unfolding (fluorescence intensity: 114435.50), the most stable state (-44.98 mV), and the greatest specific surface area (393.06 cm2/cm3) were observed in the UMP/LBG group. The outcomes of atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the inclusion of locust bean gum led to a different microscopic morphology than the other two polysaccharides, which may be the primary cause of the strongest sono-physico-chemical effects of the system. This work demonstrated that acoustic settings can be tuned based on the characteristics of polysaccharides to maximize the advantages of sono-physico-chemical impacts in UND-assisted MOI processing.
... Cavitation occurs during ultrasound, and bubbles are generated, grown and violently collapsed, resulting in extreme temperatures and pressures in the liquid. This extraordinary high-energy environment provides a special platform for the growth of novel nanostructures [33,34]. Our previous study found that under ultrasonic conditions, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of LDH were excited to generate highly reducing hydrogen radicals ( • H), which successfully reduced the supported noble metal cations [35,36]. ...
N-ethylcarbazole/dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (NEC/12H-NEC) is one of the most attractive LOHCs, and it is of great significance to develop catalysts with high activity and reduce the hydrogen storage temperature. Layered double hydroxides-carbon nanotubes composites (LDH-CNT) were synthesized by a simple in-situ assembly method. Due to the introduction of CNT, a strong interaction occurred between LDH and CNT, which effectively improved the electron transfer ability of LDH-CNT. Ru/LDH-CNT catalysts were prepared via ultrasound-assisted reduction method without adding reducing agents and stabilizers. Under the cavitation effect of ultrasound, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of LDH were excited to generate hydrogen radicals (•H) with high reducibility, which successfully reduced Ru³⁺ to Ru NPs. Ru/LDH-3.9CNT-(300-1) catalyst was of 1.63 nm average Ru particle size with CNT amount of 3.9wt% and the ultrasonic power of 300 W at 1 h, and its electron transfer resistance was less than that of Ru/LDH-(300-1). The synergy of ultrafine Ru NPs and fast electron transfer made it exhibit exceptional catalytic performance in NEC hydrogenation. Even if the reaction temperature was lowered to 80°C, its hydrogenation performance was better than that of commercial Ru/Al2O3 catalysts at 120°C. The ultrasound-assisted method is efficient, green and environmentally friendly, and the operation process is simple and economical. It is expected to be used in practical industrial production, which provides a reference for the preparation of high-activity and low-temperature hydrogen storage catalysts.
