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Mexicos maquiladora industry is currently the focus of much attention in the media, in corporate boardrooms, and among Mexican government officials. After watching the maquiladora industry sustain its biggest ever employment decline in recent years, many observers now question the industrys future in Mexico. The 2001 U.S. economic recession took a...
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... The Mexican Maquiladora Industry (MMI) has driven the US-Mexico border economy for decades, favoring job creation and economic growth. Academics and the government are interested in it (Cañas et al., 2011), and it is considered one of Mexico's essential economic activities as it contributes to employment, trade, and overall economic development. LM in the Maquiladora industry can enhance performance and sustainability by implementing tools that positively impact social, economic, and environmental aspects . ...
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... If anything, B-M arguably held a slight edge in terms of location on the Gulf of Mexico, which brought with it the deepwater Port of Brownsville, a rail crossing between the United States and Mexico, and a strong maquiladora manu- facturing sector. B-M's manufacturing sector was composed of exactly the types of firms, especially in the electronics and automotive sectors, that would be the most robust through the maquiladora downturn of the early 2000s (Cañas, Coronado, & Gilmer, 2004, and they had developed workforce agglomeration advantages in terms of an established base of high-productivity workers (Alvarado, 1993;Pérez Llanas, 1991). Thus, to surpass B-M in cross- border manufacturing, M-R would have to get better at what its neighbors were already doing. ...
How can local actors manage the regional-level impacts of trade liberalization? Most scholarship focuses on how given endowments, such as geographic location and existing industries, affect the local economic impacts of these contentious policies. This study considers local actors’ room for maneuver by focusing on a controlled case comparison of two city pairs along the Texas–Mexico border. These city pairs possessed very similar resource endowments and formal institutions prior to the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement, but diverged dramatically afterward in their economic growth patterns. A detailed comparison of policy implementation reveals that distinct local informal institutions were a key source of their economic divergence. The identification of the role of these “repertoires” of unwritten local habits and practices underscores the potential impact of collaborative efforts on long-term economic outcomes while adding to our understanding of the basis on which such collaborations are built.
... The two main attributes of economic interdependence are sensitivity and vulnerability, which have been well-studied in the field of international relations, but not extensively in the field of applied economics. In the past, the economic interdependence between the U.S. and Mexico has been examined exclusively from either an international relations perspective, see, e. g., Ronfeldt and Sereseres (1983) and the Bilateral Commission on the Future of United States-Mexico Relations (1988) or by using economic integration theories, e. g., Cañas, Coronado, and Gilmer (2004), Castillo, Varela, and Ocegueda (2010), Hanson (2001) and Phillips and Cañas (2004). ...
We developed a theoretical model capable to analyze U.S. fiscal and monetary policy effects on Mexican exports in order to provide an alternative approach to the study of economic interdependence. The model was estimated for the sample period of 1980–2013. The existing literature evidences quantified interdependence through trade flows and ignores the role of the U.S. fiscal and monetary policies. This paper uses the concept of sensitivity, from the economic interdependence literature, to verify the long and short run relationships between the U.S. and Mexico in a context of trade integration. Our findings confirm Mexico’s sensitivity to unanticipated shocks in particular coming from the U.S. monetary policy, the exchange rate and the world oil price.
... Bilateral Commission on the Future of United States-Mexico Relations (1988) or by using economic integration theories, e.g., Cañas et al. (2004), Castillo et al. (2010), Hanson (2001) and Phillips and Cañas (2004). ...
We developed a theoretical model capable to analyze U.S. fiscal and monetary policy effects on Mexican exports in order to provide an alternative approach to the study of economic interdependence. The model was estimated for the sample period of 1980-2013. The existing literature evidences quantified interdependence through trade flows and ignores the role of the U.S. fiscal and monetary policies. This paper uses the concept of sensitivity, from the economic interdependence literature, to verify the long and short run relationships between the U.S. and Mexico in a context of trade integration. Our findings confirm Mexico’s sensitivity to unanticipated shocks in particular coming from the U.S. monetary policy, the exchange rate and the world oil price.
... Muestra de ello han sido las diferentes crisis económicas que ha confrontado Estados Unidos, por ejemplo, la de 2001 y, en particular, desde 2007. Con la crisis económica de 2001, el principal impacto se dio a partir de la reducción de las exportaciones del sector maquilador y del número de empleos que producía dicho sector(Cañas et al., 2004;Gruben, 2004). En tanto, la crisis que inició entre 2007 y 2008 ha tenido un impacto más expansivo en la actividad económica de Estados Unidos. ...
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... La industria maquiladora es la de mayor dinamismo en M?xico, en la actualidad enfrenta una competencia cada vez m?s en?rgica en mercados mundiales (Ca?as, Coronado, Gilmer, 2004). Ha incrementado su importancia de 1965 a la fecha (40 a?os), este tipo de industria (Mortimore, 2000) se convirti? en el programa base para el desarrollo del pa?s. Sin embargo a?n con la amplia apertura comercial de M?xico, se cuestiona el poco o nulo avance, en cuanto a dise?o y decisi?n propio (Naumann, 2001 ) y mecanismos para miti ...
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Capítulo 13. Creando un valor compartido
a través de la responsabilidad social
empresarial y la sustentabilidad
Clara Molina Verdugo
Silvia Leticia Sánchez Fuentes
María del Rosario Soto Federico
Universidad de Sonora
Resumen
El presente capítulo aborda el tema de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) y la
Sustentabilidad, como una opción de creación de valor compartido entre empresa y sociedad.
Constituye una investigación documental, en la cual se expone la Teoría del valor compartido
y la concepción filosófica de la RSE. Todo ello desde un enfoque teórico conceptual,
a partir del análisis de la literatura sobre el tema, se concluye que es imperante visualizar a
la RSE y la Sustentabilidad, como un punto de enlace de valores entre empresa y sociedad,
para lo cual las organizaciones empresariales deberán aprovechar la oportunidad de crear
valor compartido, entre éstas y la sociedad en la que se encuentran inmersas. Se requiere
de una nueva visión de negocios, que permita generar simultáneamente más valor social,
medioambiental y económico (interna y externamente) para entrelazar la visión de corto
y largo plazo, concertar compromisos entre los públicos de interés y fomentar el diálogo
continuo, así como para mejorar la rendición de cuentas de la práctica ética de las organizaciones
empresariales.Todo ello considerando que la sustentabilidad no debe amenazar
la rentabilidad económica de las compañías porque es uno de los elementos por los cuales
existen, claro sin menoscabo de los fines sociales que también persiguen
... Certainly the use of Asian inputs has grown, as documented by Cañas, Coronado, and Gilmer (2005b). In 2000, U.S. inputs represented more than 90 percent of imported maquiladora inputs, and that share has now contracted to nearly 50 percent. ...
... The maquiladora industry has encountered booms and busts in recent years, and competition from low-wage countries around the world has slowly reshaped the maquiladora's role in the U.S.-Mexico production sharing scheme. Gilmer (2004, 2007) document that during the 2000-2001 period the maquiladora industry faced significant challenges that resulted in the permanent contraction of low valueadded industries such as apparel, footwear, leather, and toys while high valueadded industries such as electronics and transportation enjoyed a significant expansion. After 2001, whether we seek to evaluate the continued effects of NAFTA or the new security standards on the border, rapid change was driven by a combination of U.S. recession and increased globalization of manufacturing ...
... However, when looking at the effects by border city and by sector, cross-border maquiladora elasticities become larger in some sectors after 2000, especially in transportation, wholesale trade, and personal and business services sectors. Such findings confirm that the maquiladora industry is now more important for employment growth in services-related sectors in U.S. border cities. NOTES 1. Cañas, Coronado, and Gilmer (2004) found empirical evidence that China's entrance into WTO resulted in a structural break for the Mexican maquiladora industry. 2. For more details on the maquiladora industry and its impact on the U.S.-Mexico border economy, see Cañas and Gilmer 2009;Cañas, Coronado and Gilmer 2007;Cañas, Coronado and Gilmer 2005a,b. ...
For decades, the maquiladora industry has been a major economic engine along the U.S.–Mexico border. Since the 1970s, researchers have analyzed how the maquiladora industry affects cities along both sides of the border. Gordon Hanson (2001) produced the first comprehensive study on the impact of the maquiladoras on U.S. border cities, considering the impact of these in-bond plants on both employment and wages. His estimates became useful rules of thumb for the entire U.S.–Mexico border. These estimates have become dated, as Hanson's study covered the period from 1975 to 1997. The purpose of this paper is to update Hanson's results using data from 1990 to 2006 and to extend the estimates to specific border cities. For the border region as a whole, we find that the impact of a 10 percent increase in maquiladora production leads to a 0.5 to 0.9 percent change in employment. However, we also find that the border average is quite misleading, with large differences among individual border cities. Cities along the Texas–Mexico border benefit the most from growing maquiladora production. We also estimate the cross-border maquiladora impacts before and after 2001 when border security begins to rise, the maquiladora industry entered a severe recession and extensive restructuring and global low-wage competition intensified as China joined the World Trade Organization. Empirical results indicate that U.S. border cities are less responsive to growth in maquiladora production from 2001 to 2006 than in the earlier period; however, when looking into specific sectors we find that U.S. border city employment in service sectors are far more responsive post-2001.
... Certainly the use of Asian inputs has grown, as documented by Cañas, Coronado, and Gilmer (2005b). In 2000, U.S. inputs represented more than 90 percent of imported maquiladora inputs, and that share has now contracted to nearly 50 percent. ...
... The maquiladora industry has encountered booms and busts in recent years, and competition from low-wage countries around the world has slowly reshaped the maquiladora's role in the U.S.-Mexico production sharing scheme. Gilmer (2004, 2007) document that during the 2000-2001 period the maquiladora industry faced significant challenges that resulted in the permanent contraction of low valueadded industries such as apparel, footwear, leather, and toys while high valueadded industries such as electronics and transportation enjoyed a significant expansion. After 2001, whether we seek to evaluate the continued effects of NAFTA or the new security standards on the border, rapid change was driven by a combination of U.S. recession and increased globalization of manufacturing ...
... However, when looking at the effects by border city and by sector, cross-border maquiladora elasticities become larger in some sectors after 2000, especially in transportation, wholesale trade, and personal and business services sectors. Such findings confirm that the maquiladora industry is now more important for employment growth in services-related sectors in U.S. border cities. NOTES 1. Cañas, Coronado, and Gilmer (2004) found empirical evidence that China's entrance into WTO resulted in a structural break for the Mexican maquiladora industry. 2. For more details on the maquiladora industry and its impact on the U.S.-Mexico border economy, see Cañas and Gilmer 2009;Cañas, Coronado and Gilmer 2007;Cañas, Coronado and Gilmer 2005a,b. ...
... En todo caso, lo que interesa destacar aquí es que la crisis de la maquiladora no depende solamente del ciclo de la economía norteamericana (Cañas et al.,2004;Sargent and Matthews, 2004). Gerber y Carrillo (2002) encontraron que la pérdida real del trabajo en la IME (2001)(2002)(2003) se explicaba por factores que van más allá de la crisis. ...
... Authors in both the academic and the popular press have proposed two alternative evolutionary paths for maquilas in a post China/WTO world (cf. Gerber & Carrillo, 2003;Sargent & Matthews, 2004;Brezosky, 2004;Gaynor, 2004;Lange, 2004;Lindquist, 2004;Moreno, 2004;Cañas et al., 2004;Farrell, Puron, & Remes, 2005). Advocates of what we refer to as the technology hypothesis state China has been successful because it offers MNCs a very low wage workforce. ...
