Figure - available from: Frontiers in Public Health
This content is subject to copyright.
Source publication
Most cervical cancers were closely associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Therefore, understanding the ecological diversity of HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among various populations in different geographical regions was essential for optimizing HPV vaccination and maximizing the vaccination effects. A total of 12,053 pat...
Similar publications
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been confirmed as a major causative factor for malignant transformation of cervical epithelial cells and for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer. We carried out this study to investigate the association of different HPV genotypes and ages with immediate h...
The rising cases of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer cases in Nigeria are alarming. Only a few studies have looked at secondary school students in Nigeria’s understanding of HPV infection and vaccine acceptance, whereas earlier studies have mostly focused on screening. In this study, 400 students from two secondary schools i...
Citations
... This study aimed to investigate the association between vaginal microbiome and HPV infection using a large cross-sectional survey. The overall HPV positive rate in the target population was 12.47%, slightly lower than the rates reported in other regions of China during the same time period [10,[14][15][16][17]. Notably, the incidence of HR-HPV types was significantly higher than that of LR-HPV types. ...
... In the Asian population, HPV 18,52, and 58 are more common. A study in Hunan, China showed that the HPV infection rate was approximately 10.16%, among which HPV16 was the most common sub-type, with an infection rate of 2.19% [12]. ...
... In this study, among the total 14,608 women evaluated, 3,267 tested positive for HPV: 22.36% of postmenopausal women had HPV infection. The HPV infection rate in this study was higher than that reported in previous studies [12], which may have been related to the postmenopausal population being more susceptible to HPV infection. In addition, since cervical screening is performed more frequently, an increasing number of individuals in the community could undergo screening. ...
Background
Cervical cancer is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the data of postmenopausal women who were tested for HPV in Nanjing First Hospital from 2019 to 2021.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of 14,608 postmenopausal women aged 45–90 years, who underwent HPV examination in Nanjing First Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. All participants were tested for 23 HPV genotypes. We subsequently analyzed the infection rate and evaluated the distribution of HPV using the chi-square test.
Results
Our results showed that the HPV infection rate in postmenopausal women in Nanjing, China was 22.36%. In terms of age group, the infection rate was 19.54%, 24.30%, 26.58%, and 14.99% in those aged ≤ 50, 51–60, 61–70, and ≥ 71 years, respectively. The most common HPV subtypes were HPV52 (22.1 3%), HPV58 (15.86%), HPV53 (14.17%), HPV16 (12.61%), and HPV81 (11.66%), in that order. The single-HPV infection rate was 14.23%, and the multiple-genotype infection rate was 8.14% (1189/14,608).
Conclusions
This study showed that in Nanjing, China, the different age groups of post-menopausal women could have different rates of HPV infection, and the most common types were HPV52, HPV58, HPV53, HPV16 and HPV81. These findings highlighted the importance of understanding the epidemiology of HPV infection in specific populations, such as postmenopausal women in Nanjing, China. The results could provide valuable information for healthcare professionals and policymakers to develop targeted prevention and screening strategies for reducing the burden of HPV-related diseases in this population.
... HPV prevalence and type distribution vary across the countries and the different regions of a country [15]. HPV-16 is the most oncogenic HPV type, with relevance to above 50% of cervical cancer worldwide [16]. ...
Background
Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is an important factor in the development of cervical cancer, and human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is the most common HR-HPV type worldwide. The oncogenic potential of HPV-16 is closely related to viral sequence variation.
Methods
In order to clarify the variant characteristics of HPV-16 E6 and E7 genes in central China, E6 and E7 sequences of 205 HPV‐16 positive samples were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. PCR products of E6 and E7 genes were further sequenced and subjected to variation analysis, phylogenetic analysis, selective pressure analysis and B-cell epitope prediction.
Results
Twenty-six single nucleotide variants were observed in E6 sequence, including 21 non-synonymous and 5 synonymous variants. Twelve single nucleotide variants were identified in E7 sequence, including 6 non-synonymous and 6 synonymous variants. Four new variants were found. Furthermore, nucleotide variation A647G (N29S) in E7 was significantly related to the higher risk of HSIL and cervical cancer. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the E6 and E7 sequences were all distributed in A lineage. No positively selected site was found in HPV-16 E6 and E7 sequences. Non-conservative substitutions in E6, H31Y, D32N, D32E, I34M, L35V, E36Q, L45P, N65S and K75T, affected multiple B-cell epitopes. However, the variation of E7 gene had little impact on the corresponding B-cell epitopes (score < 0.85).
Conclusion
HPV-16 E6 and E7 sequences variation data may contribute to HR-HPV prevention and vaccine development in Jingzhou, central China.
... In contrast, HR-HPV 18 was not a common infection type in this study, with an infection rate of 1.17%, which is in line with the findings of a study conducted in 37 cities in China. 17 The first three HPV genotypes (16, 52 and 58) were consistent with previous research of Shandong province, 18 Human province 22 and Hangzhou city, 24 but in some other Chinese cities, such as Wuhan, 25 Jiangsu, 26 Beijing 27 and Shanghai, 28 the three most common HPV genotypes were HPV 52, 16 and 58, indicating that there are some differences in the prevalence of HPV genotype throughout China. One study suggested that HPV 52 infections are more common among healthy individuals, and HPV 58 has been linked to cervical cancer. ...
Objectives
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is closely associated with cervical cancer, especially the persistent infection of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes. Therefore, investigating the HPV prevalence, age-specific, genotype distribution and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among large populations was essential for HPV screening and optimising vaccination.
Design
This was a cross-sectional study.
Methods
A total of 38 056 cervical epithelial cell specimens were collected in Weifang city from January 2018 to December 2022. The study was divided into seven age groups based on the age of the participants. HPV genotype testing was performed by using a commercial kit which is designed for the detection of 23 HPV genotypes.
Result
A total of 8998 women were infected with HPV, with an overall positive rate of 23.64% (8998/38 056). Single infection of HPV was dominant among different age groups, which accounted for 71.33% of total infections. The most prevalent genotype was HR-HPV 16 (4.33%), followed by 52, 58, 53 and 68. Low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) 42 exhibited the highest prevalence (2.19%) among six LR-HPV genotypes, representing a novel finding. There was a significant difference in the prevalence across different age groups (p<0.01), with the highest prevalence in the group under 25 years old. During the 3 year COVID-19 breakout period, the number of HPV samples received in 2020, 2021 and 2022 was reduced by 24.03%, 14.79% and 24.76%, respectively. In 2018–2022, the annual prevalence varied between 21.09% and 25.30%, with a decreasing trend, while the prevalence of HR-HPV 39, 56, 31 and LR-HPV 42 increased.
Conclusion
This study indicates a high-HPV infection rate and age-specific distribution characteristics of HPV genotype infections, as well as analyses of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the HPV prevalence, which provides an epidemiological basis for the control and prevention of HPV infection in this region.
... In addition, differences in prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes were observed in different geographical regions of China. At present, relevant studies have been conducted in Beijing [25], Hengyang [26], Nanjing [27], Yangzhou [28] and Chongqing [29]. ...
... Our data revealed the average HPV infection was 19.41% in patients admitted at Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital over the past 5 years. The total HPV infection rate in this study was higher than that in Taiyuan (8.92%) [31], Hengyang (10.16%) [26], Zhengzhou (12.09%) [32] and Xinjiang (14.02%) [33], but lower than that in Zhejiang (22.3%) [34], Hangzhou (22.41%) [35], Shandong (28.4%) [36] and Sichuan (31.5%) [37]. Differences in HPV infection rates were partly related to population samples and geographical differences in China. ...
... In other cities in China, the prevalent HPV subtypes also varied greatly. For example, HPV52, HPV16 and HPV58 were the most common subtypes in Yunnan and Huzhou [42,43], HPV16, HPV52 and HPV58 in Beijing [44], HPV16, HPV58 and HPV52 in Hunan [26], HPV16, HPV52 and HPV18 in Hangzhou [35], and HPV52, HPV16 and HPV53 in Taizhou and Xi'an [45,46]. ...
Aim: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of high-grade lesions and carcinogenesis such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer (CC). The prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection varies greatly in different geographical areas. Patients & methods: This study enrolled 92,932 patients from January 2017 to December 2021 and analyzed the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes. Results: 18038 (19.41%) specimens were HPV-positive. No significant difference in infection rates between men and women (19.05 vs 19.41%). The most prevalent HPV subtypes are HPV52, HPV58, HPV16, HPV53, HPV51 and HPV81. Single infection of HPV has dominated in HPV-positive patients. Conclusion: Our results show that the prevalence and distribution of HPV subtypes have obvious region-specific and age-specific characteristics.
... HPV genotyping can provide the baseline hrHPV infection, thus supply a reference to evaluate the protective effects of vaccination with different genotypes of hrHPV. Currently available HPV genotyping studies were mostly regional and relatively small in size (6)(7)(8), and their cohorts were stratified according to cytology interpretations which included some nondefinitive diagnosis such as atypical squamous cells (ASC) of undetermined significance (ASC-US), ASC cannot exclude an high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H) and atypical glandular cells (AGC) etc. In this study, we presented a large cohort of 61,422 patients with definitive cervical histologic diagnosis and HPV genotyping results from HPV assays with broad spectrum of genotypes from the largest academic women's hospital in China, covering a large population in East China. ...
Objectives
We investigated HPV genotypes in a large cohort of patients with definitive cervical histologic diagnosis.
Methods
HPV testing was performed by real-time PCR assay, including 18 high-risk HPV (hrHPV) and 3 low-risk HPV (lrHPV). Totally 61,422 patients with documented HPV genotyping results within 6 months before cervical histologic diagnoses were included.
Results
HrHPV positive rate was 55.1% among all tested cases with the highest in adenosquamous carcinoma (94.1%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (93.7%), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3) (92.8%). HrHPV positive rates were significantly higher in high-grade squamous lesions than in those in glandular lesions. HPV16 was the most common genotype followed by HPV52 and HPV58 in CIN2/3. The most frequent hrHPV genotype in adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) was HPV18, followed by HPV16, HPV45 and HPV52. In SCC cases, HPV16 was the most common type followed by HPV58, HPV52, HPV18 and HPV33. However, HPV18 showed significantly higher prevalence in adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma than in that in SCC. Theoretically, the protective rates of 2/4-valent and 9-valent vaccine were 69.1% and 85.8% for cervical cancers.
Conclusions
The prevalence of HPV genotypes in Chinese population was different from that in Western population. Some hrHPV types were identified in cervical precancerous lesions and cancers, which are not included in current HPV vaccines. These data provide baseline knowledge for future HPV vaccine development.
... In the context of the causative agents of cervical cancer, HPV 51 is not included in the top ten most frequent HPV genotypes registered worldwide [6]. However, the detection of this genotype within this research, as well as previous studies from our region [26] and certain European countries [35][36][37][38][39][40][41], places it among the first four most prevalent genotypes detected in precancerous lesions of the cervix. Since HPV vaccines do not protect against all oncogenic HPVs, such as HPV 51, a complete understanding of its oncogenic activity is particularly significant [42]. ...
Cervical cancer caused by persistent infection with HR HPV genotypes is the second leading cause of death in women aged 15 to 44 in Serbia. The expression of the E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes is considered as a promising biomarker in diagnosing high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). This study aimed to evaluate HPV mRNA and DNA tests, compare the results according to the severity of the lesions, and assess the predictive potential for the diagnosis of HSIL. Cervical specimens were obtained at the Department of Gynecology, Community Health Centre Novi Sad, Serbia, and the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Serbia, during 2017–2021. The 365 samples were collected using the ThinPrep Pap test. The cytology slides were evaluated according to the Bethesda 2014 System. Using a real-time PCR test, HPV DNA was detected and genotyped, while the RT-PCR proved the presence of E6 and E7 mRNA. The most common genotypes in Serbian women are HPV 16, 31, 33, and 51. Oncogenic activity was demonstrated in 67% of HPV-positive women. A comparison of the HPV DNA and mRNA tests to assess the progression of cervical intraepithelial lesions indicated that higher specificity (89.1%) and positive predictive value (69.8–78.7%) were expressed by the E6/E7 mRNA test, while higher sensitivity was recorded when using the HPV DNA test (67.6–88%). The results determine the higher probability of detecting HPV infection by 7% provided by the mRNA test. The detected E6/E7 mRNA HR HPVs have a predictive potential in assessing the diagnosis of HSIL. The oncogenic activity of HPV 16 and age were the risk factors with the strongest predictive values for the development of HSIL.
... Cervical cancer is the 6th most frequent cancer among Lebanese women aged 15-44 years [4,5], and the 12th leading cause of deaths among all women [5,6]. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established risk factor for cervical cancer, of which around 200 genotypes were identi ed, with pathogenic potential limited to few genotypes [7,8]. ...
Purpose
This study assesses HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in Lebanon, and to identify differentials in HPV infection, infection with multiple genotypes, and with high-risk genotypes, by sex, age, and year of data collection.
Methods
Study participants comprised 1,042 female and 160 male participants between 2006–2018. HPV genotyping was done by PCR and hybridization (2006–2013) or real-time PCR (2013 onwards). Diversity of HPV genotypes across gender, age groups, and years of data collection was tested by applying Shannon Diversity Index.
Results
The overall HPV prevalence was 44.8% among study participants, and 3-fold higher in women than men. Single HPV infection was seen in two-third of HPV-positive participants. Women were less likely to be infected with multiple HPV strains, but more likely to be infected with high-risk or mixed risk HPV genotypes. HPV16 (11.0%, 9.8%) and HPV53 (8.5%, 4.9%) were the most prevalent high-risk HPV genotypes in women and men, respectively, while HPV18 prevalence was 4.9% in men and 3.1% in women, while HPV59 prevalence was 6.6% in men and 2.1% in women. Samples collected post-2011 from women showed twice higher odds of HPV infection than those collected earlier and were 3-fold more likely to be infected with multiple HPV strains, and twice more likely to be infected with high-risk genotypes compared to those tested earlier. Women scored higher on Shannon index indicating high diversity in HPV types and frequency, with trend of increased diversity over time. While the odds of HPV infection remained associated with sex and temporal trend in multivariable analysis, odds of having high-risk genotypes was mainly associated with infection with multiple HPV strains.
Conclusion
Our study showed high diversity in HPV genotypes and an increasing trend of infection with multiple and high-risk genotypes in recent years. Findings underscore the need for effective screening/surveillance and HPV vaccination programs.
Background:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a key initiative to promote the WHO global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer, and this study aimed to investigate the current status of HPV infection and genotypic characteristics of the population under the impact of age-expansion of nine-valent HPV vaccination policy in China.
Methods:
The clinical data of 60,685 subjects who were admitted in the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and underwent HPV genotyping from January 2017 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results:
The total number of positive HPV genotyping in the included population was 10,303, with a positivity rate of 17.0 %. The HPV positivity rate in the male and female populations increased slowly year by year, with a higher rate of positivity in men (32.7 %) than in women (16.7 %) (P < 0.001). HPV was predominantly single infection in all populations, with higher prevalence of high-risk HPV than low-risk HPV in females, while low-risk HPV infection was predominant in the male population. The age distribution of female subjects infected with HPV, with HPV52 as the most common type, showed a bimodal pattern. As for HPV infected male subjects, HPV6 was the main type, and there was no bimodal age distribution. The expanded age vaccination of the nine-valent HPV vaccine will result in 42.4 % efficiency of vaccine protection for 49.9 % of age-eligible women. If the nine-valent HPV vaccine were open to males in China, it would reduce HPV infections in men by 56.4 %.
Conclusions:
The HPV positivity rate in the population remains high and tends to increase, and the age-expansion of the nine-valent HPV vaccine would contribute to reducing the threat of disease caused by HPV infection for age-eligible women. Moreover, attention should be paid to enhancing HPV screening in males and opening up vaccination when appropriate.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and its associated disease are major problems affecting millions of individuals around the world. The distribution of HPV genotypes is specific to different areas and different populations. Therefore, understanding the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in different populations in different geographical regions is essential to optimize HPV vaccination strategies and to maximize vaccine effects. In this study, 34,076 women from January 2016 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed at Liaocheng People's Hospital. Of these, 7540 women were high-risk HPV positive and the infection rate was 22.13%. The top ten genotypes were as follows in descending order: HPV16, HPV52, HPV58, HPV53, HPV39, HPV59, HPV66, HPV51, HPV18, and HPV56 and the least frequent genotypes were, in order, HPV 26, HPV45, and HPV82. The HPV16 positive infection rate was 25.37% and was reduced with the increase in the number of individuals who had undergone HPV screening. The HPV52 infection rate increased with increasing numbers of individuals undergoing HPV screening, and then remained unchanged. The proportion of 20–29-year-olds among all positive women began to decrease since the vaccine was available in 2018. The 30–39-year-old group accounted for the highest percentage of positive women, and the 50–59-year-old group of HPV-positive women with cervical cancer accounted for most infections. This study confirmed that HPV16, HPV52, HPV 58, and HPV53 is widely distributed in this population and the total HR-HPV infection rate remains high in this region. Our findings indicate that prevention of HPV infection in this region still faces important challenges.
