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We investigate how universities research quality shapes their engagement with industry. Previous research has predominantly found a positive relationship between academics research quality and their commercialization activities. Here we use industry involvement measures that are broader than commercialization and indicate actual collaboration, i.e....
Context in source publication
Context 1
... operationalize this as a proportion of research-active staff in each discipline grouping, calculated by dividing the number of research-active staff in each grouping with an RAE score of 4 or above by the total number of academic staff in that grouping. Table 3 shows how faculty quality is distributed across all universities. ...
Similar publications
We provide a systematic review of the literature on academic engagement from 2011 onwards, which was the cut-off year of a previous review article published in Research Policy. Academic engagement refers to knowledge-related interactions of academic scientists with external organisations. It includes activities such as collaborative research with i...
Citations
... No solo las actividades de actualización son fuentes de CDI, sino las actividades diarias de formación, en las que participan académicos de dichas instituciones, quienes pueden trasladar sus CDI económicos y no económicos, lo que produce un sesgo de la formación y competencias profesionales de los estudiantes (27,28) . ...
En el proceso de atención a la salud, la confianza que pacientes, cuidadores y redes de apoyo depositan en el proveedor de salud desempeña un papel importante. Esta confianza puede perderse por la interposición de conflictos de interés (CDI), los cuales se describen como condiciones, en los que el objetivo primario del profesional (atención a la salud o integridad científica) se ve alterado por un objetivo secundario, económico o no. Dadas estas implicaciones, en este texto presentamos un análisis de la conceptualización de los CDI en la atención a la salud, así como las particularidades y orígenes de estos en la nutrición, para brindar estrategias que permitan gestionarlos efectivamente desde la investigación hasta la práctica clínica. En la nutrición, los CDI relevantes no son solo económicos, inclusive los no económicos pueden afectar agendas de investigación y la atención de la población o el individuo. Se pueden observar los CDI en la formación de recursos humanos, investigación en salud, diseño de guías de práctica clínica, proceso editorial, asociaciones profesionales, educación continua y práctica diaria de la nutrición clínica. La identificación y declaración de los CDI son los primeros pasos para una correcta gestión. Sin embargo, esto no es suficiente: se necesita integrar comités institucionales de gestión de CDI que construyan lineamientos éticos que acompañen a los profesionales de la nutrición en la identificación, declaración y gestión oportuna de los CDI, adecuando estos lineamientos a las particularidades observadas en cada una de las áreas vulnerables a CDI.
... Wynikać może to z faktu, że innowacje przełomowe są mniej wrażliwe na dystans przestrzenny między współpracującymi podmiotami ze względu na większy stopień kodyfikacji wiedzy, która jest źródłem takich innowacji, oraz dłuższy czas potrzebny na ich opracowanie (Mattes, 2012). Ponadto innowacje o charakterze radykalnym są częściej związane z wynikami badań podstawowych, a przedsiębiorstwa, które angażują się we wdrażanie innowacji radykalnych, są bardziej atrakcyjne z punktu widzenia uczelni, bez względu na dzielący te podmioty dystans geograficzny (Perkmann, King, Pavelin, 2011). ...
Problematyka uwarunkowań współpracy uczelni i przedsiębiorstw budzi coraz większe zainteresowanie. Wynika to z faktu, że z jednej strony istnieją duże oczekiwania związane z efektami kooperacji, np. w formie wzrostu innowacyjności, a z drugiej strony, szczególnie w przypadku przedsiębiorstw usługowych, zakres współpracy jest nadal niewielki. Do istotnych czynników mających wpływ na nawiązanie współpracy należy bliskość przestrzenna. Dzięki osobistym kontaktom i efektywnej komunikacji opartej na zaufaniu mały dystans przestrzenny ułatwia transfer złożonej i nieskodyfikowanej wiedzy akademickiej. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja roli bliskości przestrzennej jako determinanty współpracy uczelni i przedsiębiorstw. Osiągnięcie tego celu wymagało przeprowadzenia badania empirycznego na próbie 383 losowo wybranych przedsiębiorstw. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że związek między bliskością przestrzenną a skalą i intensywnością współpracy jest niejednoznaczny. Z uczelniami współpracują najczęściej przedsiębiorstwa zlokalizowane najbliżej i najdalej w stosunku do ośrodków akademickich. Bliskość przestrzenna sprzyja natomiast intensyfikacji współpracy. Praca poszerza rozumienie bliskości przestrzennej jako determinanty współpracy, dzięki uwzględnieniu w analizie nie tylko bezpośredniego wpływu dystansu na podejmowanie i intensywność współpracy, ale także przez identyfikację przestrzennego zróżnicowania sposobów, motywów i efektów zaangażowania się przedsiębiorców we współpracę z uczelniami.
... Perkmann et al. found that "faculty quality" was associated with enhanced engagement with related industries. 33 This was found to be particularly the case with "star scientists", who are more likely to forge relationships that facilitate technological advancements, patents, co-funded grants, and mutually beneficial training opportunities for faculty and students, alike. This might especially be the case in the current environment of a shrinking student applicant pool and diminishing extramural funding opportunities, and with the remaining funding opportunities increasingly geared toward collaborative efforts and community partnerships that serve as regional economic engines. ...
Objectives: Gather Chief Executive Officer (CEO) deans’ perspectives on: distinguishing a “star” faculty versus one that is “productive”; faculty who are “deadweight” to the organization; the role of organizational fit in defining stars and deadweight faculty; current efforts to recruit and retain star faculty; and the actions taken in regard to deadweight faculty.
Methods: A focus group panel of CEO deans was convened at the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) 2019 Interim Meeting. A semi-structured interview based on an organizational behavior framework was used to guide discussion in the focus group. Content analysis with axial coding was used to uncover themes from the data.
Results: Panelists indicated productivity to be a given, but that star faculty are the ones who exhibit extraordinary citizenship and leverage their talents and networks to make the program and their peers more effective. They identified nascent activities with the need to strengthen those in regard to recognizing star faculty. The panelists explicitly distinguished between deadweight, or unproductive faculty versus those who are more deleterious, even while the former might actually present a more challenging human resources management situation.
Conclusions: The research corroborated the growing recognition of the importance of faculty comportment with behaviors that extend beyond performance metrics, alone. The findings can serve as a platform for additional studies that guide decision making for organizational effectiveness in academic pharmacy.
... From industry perspective, U-I is very fruitful in terms of technological development, lower cost of research, cheap labor, and pool of expertise at one place. From university perspective, academicians get to know the latest demand of the local, national and international market, according to which, they grab and improve the knowledge and transfer it to the students through improved pedagogy [8]. Other benefits universities can attain are; the research and development funding from public and private institutions and new income through patenting and licensing etc. ...
... Universities are not interested to collaborate with us 0.278 8 We are not aware of expertise/ facilities available at universities 0.066 9 We do not know whom to contact at universities to initiate collaborative activities -0.047 10 ...
To assess the current situation of collaborative university-industry (U-I) linkages in Pakistan, a questionnaire was disseminated to both public and private universities and industries, checking the propensity for such linkages. The results show multiple constraints imposed on collaborative U-I linkages from both sides. Factor analysis allows comparing whether both universities and industries identify the same constraints or not. Apparently, engineering departments exhibit more collaborative U-I linkages than other disciplines, while humanities departments are awarded the minimum of such linkages. The paucity of proper arrangements, procedures, mechanisms, and structures for collaboration seems to be one of the most important impediments to collaborative U-I linkages. Furthermore, on the one hand, university people see the lack both of time, owed to a heavy workload, and of laboratory facilities for research and development work, as predominant constraints to U-I interactions. On the other hand, industry people cite as prominent barriers the low commercialization potential of university research and the lack of interest among academics to collaborate with the industry. Despite its qualifications, the study concludes with practical policymaking recommendations and future research suggestions.
... Accordingly, we must pay attention to the quality of the university's faculty, as this quality is positively related to the faculty's involvement in patenting and to the students' entrepreneurial capacity. In this context, professors who have greater involvement with entrepreneurship are those who transmit this ability and motivation inside the classroom, thus training young people committed to the economic development of a country (Perkmann et al., 2011). ...
Purpose
This paper aims to research how technology transfer occurs, based on the Schumpeterian approach to innovation trilogy focusing on the interaction between the university and the company.
Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used for this study was the analysis of two cases with an exploratory and qualitative approach. The case study subjects were two Brazilian universities: University of Campinas (UNICAMP) and University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS). Semi-structured interviews were used as the data collection technique, whereas content analysis was used as the analysis technique.
Findings
The main results showed the need of companies and universities to understand that working in collaborative technology research contributes to the transformation of applied research into technological innovations that can transform society.
Research limitations/implications
The research’s limitations were the unfeasibility of studying the government helix, the lack of clear and established processes within universities so that a comparison between the cases would be possible and the lack of access to technology contracts, as they are considered confidential. In addition, the use of two cases is considered a limitation, as it is not possible to generalize the conclusions pointed out by the study.
Originality/value
With this research, the authors were able to conclude that the university–industry interaction process has been improving, but it still needs to advance in organizational aspects. Some of the aspects to be considered are the adjustments for the institutions’ internal policies, the existing negotiations, the researchers’ behavior regarding the dissemination of the innovation culture and the performance of the technological innovation centers, which gradually are being trained to work in the market as well as in the university. It is necessary that primarily companies and universities understand that they must join efforts in collaborative technological research, so that the financial resources invested are not only accepted as published articles in qualified journals but also turn into technological innovations accepted by the market. All this investment must return as new products, services and technologies that generate local, regional, national and even international impact, implementing new types of businesses and new markets and yielding an economic impact in the country, thus generating innovation and social well-being.
... The collaboration between academia and industry is encouraged by governments as a means of enhancing national competitiveness and wealth creation ( Barnes, Pashby, & Gibbons, 2002). As such, initiatives such as collaborative R&D projects being supported through national funding are appearing ( Perkmann, King, & Pavelin, 2011). There are several incentives for industry to collaborate with a university, namely the access to research and critical competencies, which allows firms to reach the very edge of contemporary technology ( Hanel & St-Pierre, 2006), financial support for costly R&D equipment and enhancement of reputation in general ( Grimaldi & Von Tunzelmann, 2002). ...
While the literature provides some advice on managing programmes and projects in general, the specific context of the university–industry collaboration is being scarcely reported, demanding a strong research effort to produce effective guidelines. Pursuing this effort, a Programme and Project Management Office (PgPMO) structure, specifically devoted to support collaborative university–industry R&D funded contracts, is proposed. This paper is focused on the set of key functions and responsibilities established for the overall PgPMO, as well as on the equivalent ones for the four proposed PgPMO roles: the PgPMO Officer, PgPMO Finance, PgPMO Communication and PgPMO Quality Assurance Management. Additionally, it discusses the implementation process of such structure, shedding light on the success factors for its implementation. The PgPMO described in this paper has been implemented in two case studies. The programme stakeholders of both case studies perceived that such PgPMO structure has contributed to achieve the success of the corresponding university–industry programmes.
... Accordingly, we must pay attention to the quality of the university's faculty, as this quality is positively related to the faculty's involvement in patenting and to the students' entrepreneurial capacity. In this context, professors who have greater involvement with entrepreneurship are those who transmit this ability and motivation inside the classroom, thus training young people committed to the economic development of a country (Perkmann et al., 2011). ...
Universities have a history based on the contribution to the advancement of knowledge and technology on the economic and social context of a country, through teaching, research and extension courses. The knowledge developed by students and researchers can lead to the interaction within different entities, including the government and companies, resulting in a technology transfer from the university to the market. Technology transfer can be considered a process which starts by the disclosure of an invention followed by its patent registration, licensing, commercial use of the licensed technology, and, finally, royalties received by the university. This article researched how technology transfer occurs, based on the Schumpeterian approach to innovation trilogy focusing on the interaction between the university and the company. The methodology used for this study was the analysis of two cases with exploratory and qualitative approach. The case study subjects were two Brazilian universities: University of Campinas and University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos. Semi-structured interviews were employed as the data collection technique, while content analysis was used as the analysis technique. The main results showed the need of companies and universities to understand that working in collaborative technology research contributes to the transformation of applied research into technological innovations that can transform society.
... Biotech firms affiliated with Nobel Laureates succeed in raising their firm value by more than $30 million as compared to firms without such affiliations. Perkmann et al. (2011) University scientists are classified as 'stars' based on data from the UK Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), which uses a peer review process to gauges research excellence. ...
A firm's ability to produce high-impact innovations depends upon the nature of its R&D alliances as well as its composition of scientific human capital. The firm's scientific human capital is made up of its scientists, who produce valuable research outputs and who engage with the broader scientific community, thus helping the firm to integrate new knowledge from universities and other firms. In this paper, we examine heterogeneity within the firm's scientific human capital, emphasizing the distinct role of ‘bridging scientists’ who engage in two related but dissimilar scientific activities: patenting and publishing. Using a panel dataset of 222 firms in biotechnology between 1990 and 2000, we show that bridging scientists have a positive and significant impact on patent performance relative to other scientists within the firm. Looking closer at bridging scientists, we draw a distinction between Pasteur bridging scientists and Edison bridging scientists, with the latter having less of an orientation towards fundamental research. We show that both types of bridging scientists complement the focal firm's R&D alliances with other firms. However, Pasteur bridging scientists are substitutive with university R&D alliances while Edison bridging scientists are complementary. Our findings suggest that the composition of a firm's scientific human capital and its R&D alliances interact in subtle ways to impact patent performance.
... Biotech firms affiliated with Nobel Laureates succeed in raising their firm value by more than $30 million as compared to firms without such affiliations. Perkmann et al. (2011) University scientists are classified as 'stars' based on data from the UK Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), which uses a peer review process to gauges research excellence. ...
We assess the roles of internal human capital and strategic alliances as antecedents of innovation at the firm and the network levels, respectively, and investigate the effects of their interdependence on firms' innovation performance. At the firm level, we identify three types of human capital that contribute directly to innovative capability: (1) pure scientists (2) bridging scientists, and (3) pure inventors. At the network level, we explore the performance effects of the firm's strategic alliances with universities as well as with other firms. Building upon the literature on innovation, we highlight two perspectives on human capital and strategic alliances, which predict opposite moderating effects of the two antecedents of innovation. We reconcile these disparate views by showing that the direction of the moderating effect is contingent upon the types of human capital and strategic alliances involved. Using patent, publication and alliance data from 222 biotechnology firms, we find diminishing returns to university alliances when pure scientists and bridging scientists are involved, whereas the benefits of industry alliances are enhanced in the presence of all three forms of human capital. The findings also suggest that the benefits derived from strategic alliances depend on whether or not they are an extension of the social relationships of human capital within the firm. The reinforcing and substitutive effects of internal human capital on the alliance benefits imply the possible roles that company scientists can play in shaping the alliance portfolios of biotechnology firms.
Between 1995 and 2007, the Irish Government implemented a variety of measures designed to enhance the infrastructure and profile of research activities in Irish Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The aim was to foster a culture of innovation-led academic entrepreneurship and, thereby, develop links between HEIs and indigenous industry in Ireland, with particular emphasis on research and development (R&D) links. This paper analyses the barriers and stimulants to the creation and maintenance of links between HEIs and industry and focuses specifically on R&D and consultancy links. The findings indicate that indigenous high-tech firms are not the key benefactors of Ireland’s science and technology (S&T) base. Whilst firms are engaging in innovative activities, HEIs are excluded from such developments. Teaching and training links constitute the most common form of interaction, not R&D links and consultancy links, as might have been expected.
