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The number of road traffic casualties is still very lofty and the trend shows a boost with each passing day. The road traffic accidents involve fatalities due to which economic resources are damaged and the productivity of the economy is correspondingly impaired. Costs resulting from traffic accidents represent the largest single part of the overal...
Citations
... The indirect benefits of road safety countermeasures most especially with network level analysis is not always included in a CBA. Since the accuracy of a CBA depends highly on accurate estimation of costs and benefits (Ejaz 2010), it is important that analysts consider indirect benefits as these might have a substantial impact on the value of benefits and in the selection of countermeasures. This appears to be the future of road safety economics as public expenditure must be justified amongst competing alternatives and in a bid to present improved business cases for road safety investments. ...
Objective:
In cost benefit analysis of road safety countermeasures, all relevant effects on safety, travel time and environment have a substantial impact during economic appraisal. However, in the most widely used road safety appraisal tools such as SafetyAnalyst and International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP), indirect effects related to travel time and environment are not considered. Most economic appraisal studies conducted for road safety countermeasures consider only the safety benefits and ignore the indirect benefits due to lack of models to evaluate them. This study attempts to document the quantitative impact of indirect benefits during economic appraisal of road safety infrastructure investments particularly from the angle of reduced crashes.
Methods:
To this effect, data from 9 European countries and the 20-year infrastructure improvement programme developed for the Netherlands are applied to demonstrate the impact of these indirect benefits through a quantitative study.
Results:
The results show that indirect benefits increase the value of benefits by 7%, which improves the cost effectiveness of countermeasures. Consequently, the number of countermeasures selected for implementation are increased due to addition of these benefits. Travel time benefits constitute the largest share of indirect benefits with a contribution of 6% to the overall benefits due to countermeasure implementation.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, indirect benefits have a substantial impact on the computation of benefits and countermeasure selection process. In order to present improved business cases for road safety infrastructure investments, there is need to include these benefits during economic appraisal process. Travel time benefits have the highest portion of all indirect benefits compared to vehicle operating costs (VOCs) and emission benefits. The study recommends conducting more research related to travel time benefits due to countermeasure implementation.
... Kenya has a death rate of 9.2 per 100,000 , Uganda 8.1 deaths per 100,000 and Tanzania 5.1 per 100,000 [8]. In Africa the mortality rate is 28 per 100,000 populations while in Europe it is 11 per 100,000 people and when comparing death Vs number of vehicle, in Africa it is 50 per 100,000 while in developed countries it is 1.7 deaths per 100,000 [9]. ...
Backgrounds:
Sixty percent of the global deaths and injuries occur in the developing world and mostly are due to Road traffic accidents (RTAs. looking at the etiological related factors which include, carelessness of the driver, condition of the vehicle or motorcycle, poor condition of roads, risky behavior of the driver, most of these factors can be prevented to some extent. This study therefore, determined the pattern of cases and deaths due to traffic road accidents in Mwanza City Tanzania.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, records, registers and case notes In the surgical ward and causality, medical records and central police station from 2008 to 2011 were used. The study focused on the two referral hospitals (Sekouture regional hospital and Bugando Medical Center).
Results:
There were 3450 cases due to accidents reported at both centers (Sekouture regional hospital and Bugando Medical Center of which 3224 (93.4%) had complete information for analysis.2225 (69%) were male and 999 (31%) were female, and the most affected group were male. Among the RTAs2809 cases (87%) were due to motor cycle accidents which were the leading cause of RTAs with case fatality rate of 5% while motor vehicle has case fatality rate of 24% which is 5 times that of motor cycle.
Conclusion and recommendation:
Among all RTAs the leading cause of injuries is Motor cycle traffic accidents followed by motor vehicle. RTAs are on increase particularly the motor cycle traffic accidents and has claimed a good number of innocent people's lives however most of them are preventable, therefore driving course to be introduced to motor cycle drivers with emphasize on the road posters signal, rules and regular checkup of their motor cycles especially commercial motor cycle.
Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням економічного оцінювання безпеки автомобільних доріг через призму визначення можливих втрат від зміни стану безпеки автомобільних доріг України. Проаналізовано стан аварійності на автомобільних дорогах України у середньострокову періоді з ранжуванням основних причин. Доведено наявність прямого та тісного зв’язку між рівнем економічного розвитку регіонів та кількістю ДТП з загиблими та/або травмованими. Запропонована формула розрахунку соціально-економічних втрат від усіх дорожньо-транспортних пригод, що стались за розрахунковий рік у певному регіоні. Визначено, що найбільші соціально-економічні втрати від ДТП були у Київській, Львівській, Дніпропетровській, Одеській, Харківській областях, що пояснюється високими значеннями валового регіонального продукту на одну особу та великою кількістю ДТП з загиблими та/або травмованими.
Road accidents are a socio-economic problem for the entirety of society; the consequences of which, although different in nature for different groups of subjects, always involve bearing certain costs. Given the economic operators, the negative consequences of road accidents are of particular importance to the TSL sector. For the operators in this sector road accidents may, in certain situations, prevent the running of gainful activities or cause it to reduce significantly by the destruction of vehicles or by eliminating the driver that is licensed to carry dangerous goods. Despite many actions being taken to improve road safety, including the application of modern solutions in heavy goods vehicles to better vehicle safety, the administration of legislative changes, or the improvement of road infrastructure, the scale of the phenomenon that is road accidents, and the costs associated with them are still high. In the article with a theoretical background that is funded on the basis of an in-depth analysis of the literature on the subject, I will identify the factors important for the TSL sector companies that influence the costs of road accidents and attempt to estimate the cost of a liability insurance and its changes depending on the time of the accident-free driving on selected examples.
