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Capparis kenaboiensis Julius, sp. nov. A infructescence branch B inflorescence C flower D flower with sepals and petals removed exhibiting the stamens and ovary on gynophore E stamen F the outermost sepals pair G the dorsal petals H the ventral petals I the cross- and longitudinal-section of fruit J the stipular thorn close-up. (Drawn by Mohamad Aidil Noordin from FRI57784).
Source publication
As part of the Flora of Peninsular Malaysia Project, a species checklist of the genus Capparis in Peninsular
Malaysia is presented here with a total of 11 species, two subspecies and four varieties. A new species
and two varieties, endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, are described and illustrated: Capparis kenaboiensis,
C. scortechinii var. ruthiae...
Similar publications
The Indochinese Peninsula is a main center of speciation of Capparis, but the taxonomic treatment of the genus is still critical in this area. With regard to Vietnam, a discordant number of species was recorded by different authors during the last century, whereas various new species have been recently described. An updated checklist of the intrage...
Citations
... For example, four new Ardisia Sw. (Primulaceae) species have been discovered since the FPM project launched in 2005 (e.g. Julius and Utteridge (2012, 2022; Julius et al. (2017)), as well as a new species of Maesa Forssk. (Primulaceae; Utteridge (2012)). ...
... (Primulaceae; Utteridge (2012)). Other findings include the discovery of the Himalayan genus Gardneria Wall. in Pahang and the Neotropical naturalised species Spigelia anthelmia L. (both Loganiaceae) in Selangor (Julius et al. 2013 Many other new species have also been described from various other plant families, including Aristolochiaceae (Yao 2012), Balsaminaceae (Kiew 2016), Capparaceae (Julius 2022), Gesneriaceae (Kiew and Lim 2019;Syahida-Emiza et al. 2020), Orchidaceae (Ong et al. 2020;Ong 2021), Thismiaceae (Siti-Munirah 2021Siti-Munirah andDome 2019, 2022;Siti-Munirah et al. 2021) and Zingiberaceae (Sam et al. 2009(Sam et al. , 2012Sam and Ibrahim 2018). This highlights the rich biodiversity of Peninsular Malaysia and opportunities for more discoveries (Middleton et al. 2019). ...
Recent fieldwork in Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia, resulted in the collection of an endemic new species of Ardisia, described here as Ardisia recurvipetala Julius, Siti-Mu-nirah & Utteridge. The species is a member of subgenus (§) Crispardisia on account of its vascularised glands (bacterial nodules) on the leaf margin and the terminal inflores-cence on a specialised lateral branch subtended by a normal leaf (rather than a reduced bract-like leaf). Ardisia recurvipetala is unique amongst all members of §Crispardisia by having leaf margins with both vascularised glands and pustule-like structures and can be further distinguished from other Peninsular Malaysian members of this subgenus by the lamina raised between the leaf venation giving a somewhat bullate appearance, unbranched inflorescences, brownish-red pedicels and recurved corolla lobes, each with a creamy-white apex and a small pink patch at the base. Ardisia recurvipetala is known only from a single location in Terengganu and its conservation status is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
... and Thilachium Lour. After the treatment in Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (Hadj Moustafa Haddade 1965), little attention has been paid to these genera in the area, apart from the description of two new species of Capparis and Thilachium (Fici 2011(Fici , 2021a, while several studies were carried out during the last decades in southern Asia (Viswanathan 2000; Srisanga & Chayamarit 2004;Sy et al. 2013Sy et al. , 2015Sy et al. , 2016Sy et al. , 2017Sy et al. , 2020Fici et al. 2018Souvannakhoummane et al. 2018Souvannakhoummane et al. , 2020Murugan et al. 2020;Julius 2022), Indonesia (Fici 2012(Fici , 2021b and New Caledonia (Fici 2017). The genus Thilachium includes 15 species of trees or shrubs (with a single herbaceous species), with 1-or 3-foliolate leaves, occurring in eastern Africa, Madagascar and Mauritius along a wide range of habitats (Elffers et al.1964;Thulin 1993;Harvey et al. 1995;POWO 2019; A new species of Thilachium (Capparaceae) from the Analanjirofo Region, Madagascar 2021a). ...
Madagascar is a centre of speciation for the genus Thilachium Lour., which includes several species of small trees and shrubs occurring in a wide range of habitats. A new species of Thilachium, T. latifolium Fici, from the Analanjirofo Region of northeastern Madagascar is here described and illustrated. It is characterised by 1-foliolate leaves, leaf blades widely ovate or elliptic with shortly acuminate or acute apices, flowers in terminal, dense subumbels or corymbs, short pedicels and ellipsoid, ribbed fruit. The new species is related to T. madagascariense Fici, a species recently described from eastern Madagascar, differing in the wider, coriaceous leaves with shorter, mucronulate tip, flowers in terminal, 7–16-flowered subumbels or corymbs, shorter pedicels and longer anthers. The distribution, autecology and affinities of the new species are discussed, its conservation status is assessed, and an updated key is provided for the species of the genus Thilachium known from Madagascar.
... Section Capparis, Busbeckea and Monostichocalyx were identified using the outer pairs of sepals' shape, size, and length. Following Jacobs (1965), subsequent workers recognised many Capparis taxa using sepal characters (Sundararaghavan, 1993;Maurya et al., 2020;Julius, 2022). However, the character evolution analyses showed an independent evolution of the sac morphology in Capparis. ...
... Gynophore characters were used to identify and demarcate many species (De Candolle, 1824;Wight and Arnott, 1834;Hooker, 1872;Jacobs, 1965;Sundararaghavan, 1993;Thuong et al., 2015Thuong et al., , 2018Julius, 2022) of Capparis and allied genera (Luber et al., 2021;Cornejo et al., 2021). Our phylogenetic tree divided the ingroups into two groups based on the length of the gynophores. ...
Capparis is the largest genus of the family Capparaceae, represented by 142 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World. Despite being one of the medicinally and economically important genera with its unique distribution pattern, the evolutionary history of Capparis remained unexplored. Moreover, the phylogenetic relationships, origin, dispersal, and character evolution of the genus were poorly understood. With the objectives to (i) test the congruence between the molecular and morphological datasets, (ii) validate Jacobs' hypothesis on the origin, dispersal, and speciation pattern of Capparis using new fossil data, and (iii) understand the possible evolutionary role of some key morphological characters, we sampled across the five speciation centres of Capparis. The results derived from three plastidial markers (matK, trnL-F and rbcL) revealed incongruence with the morphology based delimitations and suggested a new sectional classification in Capparis. Divergence dating analysis revealed that Capparaceae originated in Africa at 47.25 MYA and Capparis in Peninsular India at about 29.32 MYA. Capparis followed multiple forward and backward dispersal, supporting the “into and out of India” hypothesis. These dispersal events were consistent with the various land bridges in different parts of the Old World during the Eocene to Miocene. The only long-distance dispersal event was observed in the case of the New World Capparaceae, corroborating the earlier findings. Our results suggest West Asia to the North African region as another centre of speciation for Capparis and present a robust age estimate for the genus. The character state reconstruction of Capparis revealed a unique evolutionary adaptation due to exposure to various climatic conditions and the acquisition of suitable pollination strategies. We hypothesize that the gynophore length, sepal shape, and blotches on petals contribute substantially to the pollination success.
A taxonomic revision of the genus Capparis in Laos and Cambodia was undertaken. Based on examination of historical and recent herbarium collections coupled with field investigations, 25 species and 7 intraspecific taxa, all belonging to sect. Monostichocalyx , were recognised in the study area. Among these, a new species, C. averyanovii , and a new subspecies, C. acutifolia subsp. thamphae , from central and northern Laos are described and illustrated. A key to the species is provided, along with descriptions, synonyms, distribution ranges, autecological and phenological data, and 31 lectotypes are selected. When available, vernacular names and traditional uses of the species are also given, based on information from herbarium labels or bibliography. The occurrence of various taxa known only from type material is underlined. Based on the available data, C. diffusa and C. rotundifolia , two species formerly recorded from Cambodia, are excluded from the flora of the study area.
The Indochinese Peninsula is a main center of speciation of Capparis, but the taxonomic treatment of the genus is still critical in this area. With regard to Vietnam, a discordant number of species was recorded by different authors during the last century, whereas various new species have been recently described. An updated checklist of the intrageneric taxa occurring in the country is here presented, including a new species from the island of Hon Tre, Khanh Hoa Province. The genus comprises in Vietnam 37 species, 9 subspecies and 3 varieties, all belonging to Capparis sect. Monostichocalyx. The study area, with 10 endemic species, is confirmed as one of the hotspots of the genus. Three lectotypes are also selected. The new species here described and illustrated, C. oxycarpa, is related to C. pranensis, differing in the few-flowered subumbels, narrower sepals, smaller petals, longer filaments and smaller, apiculate fruit; its affinities with related taxa and conservation status are discussed, and data on its ecology and phenology are given.
