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Brazil: Minas Gerais State: municipality of Minas Novas; Rio Fanado, tributary to rio Jequitinhonha; typelocality of Hypostomus nigrolineatus.
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Hypostomus nigrolineatus, new species, is described from the rio Jequitinhonha and rio Pardo basins. It is diagnosed by having dark spots over head, anterior portion of trunk and fins, and dark longitudinal stripes on flanks on posterior portion of body; incomplete scutelet coverage on abdomen in young specimens; 9-37 teeth on premaxilla, and 10-39...
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... minae, sendo que esta última engloba o gênero Hypostomus Lacépedè, 1803(LUJAN et al., 2015. Espécies de Hypostomus são encontradas na maioria dos rios e riachos sulamericanos, sendo o gênero mais diverso dentro de Loricariidae, contendo mais que 135 espécies válidas (ZAWADZKI; HOLLANDA CARVALHO, 2014;ZAWADZKI et al., 2016). Hypostomus possui alta diversidade de espécies, ampla distribuição na América do Sul e, consequentemente, grande variação morfológica (tamanho, coloração, formas, etc.). ...
Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering, 1911) é uma espécie amplamente distribuída na bacia do alto rio Paraná e, também é uma das espécies mais abundantes desta região hidrográfica. Considerando a premissa de que populações isoladas em ambientes com características ambientais distintas podem ser influenciados por fatores abióticos e bióticos intrínsecos do local, os quais culminam na seleção de certos atributos adaptativos de caráter ecológico, foi testada a hipótese de que populações de H. ancistroides residentes em diferentes bacias hidrográficas apresentam diferenças nos atributos ecomorfológicos. Foram analisados 150 indivíduos de H. ancistroides provenientes de 10 bacias diferentes dentro do sistema do alto rio Paraná. Para testar as diferenças foram utilizados 15 exemplares de H. ancistroides de cada população, sendo tomadas 26 medidas morfométricas e calculadas seis áreas, de maneira que foram calculados 22 índices ecomorfológicos. Para evidenciar diferenças ecomorfológicas entre os espécimes foram realizados Análises de Variáveis Canônicas (AVC) e um teste "post hoc" de comparações pareadas de Hotelling. Todas as relações comparativas entre as populações apresentaram diferenças significativas. Os fatores que influenciaram as variações populacionais foram creditados às diferenças hidrodinâmicas na dimensão longitudinal dos rios providas, principalmente, por represamentos em cascata e suas consequências. Palavras-chave: Barramentos, cascata de reservatórios, morfologia, rio Ivaí, rio Paranapanema. Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering, 1911) is a widely distributed species in the upper Paraná river basin and is also one of the most abundant species of this hydrographic region. Considering the premise that isolated populations in environments with distinct environmental characteristics may be influenced by intrinsic abiotic and biotic factors of the site, which culminate in the selection of certain adaptive attributes of an ecological character, we have tested the hypothesis that populations of H. ancistroides resident in different basins present differences in ecomorphological attributes. A total of 150 individuals of H. ancistroides from 10 different basins were analyzed within the upper Paraná River system. Fifteen specimens of H. ancistroides from each population were used to test the differences. Twenty-six morphometric measures were taken and six areas were calculated, so that 22 ecomorphological indices were calculated. In order to demonstrate ecomorphological differences between the specimens, we performed Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) and a post hoc test of paired comparisons of Hotelling. All comparative relationships among populations showed significant differences. The factors that influenced the population variations were credited to the hydrodynamic differences in the longitudinal dimension of the rivers provided, mainly, by cascade of reservoirs and their consequences.
... minae, sendo que esta última engloba o gênero Hypostomus Lacépedè, 1803(LUJAN et al., 2015. Espécies de Hypostomus são encontradas na maioria dos rios e riachos sulamericanos, sendo o gênero mais diverso dentro de Loricariidae, contendo mais que 135 espécies válidas (ZAWADZKI; HOLLANDA CARVALHO, 2014;ZAWADZKI et al., 2016). Hypostomus possui alta diversidade de espécies, ampla distribuição na América do Sul e, consequentemente, grande variação morfológica (tamanho, coloração, formas, etc.). ...
Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering, 1911) é uma espécie amplamente distribuída na bacia do alto rio Paraná e, também é uma das espécies mais abundantes desta região hidrográfica. Considerando a premissa de que populações isoladas em ambientes com características ambientais distintas podem ser influenciados por fatores abióticos e bióticos intrínsecos do local, os quais culminam na seleção de certos atributos adaptativos de caráter ecológico, foi testada a hipótese de que populações de H. ancistroides residentes em diferentes bacias hidrográficas apresentam diferenças nos atributos ecomorfológicos. Foram analisados 150 indivíduos de H. ancistroides provenientes de 10 bacias diferentes dentro do sistema do alto rio Paraná. Para testar as diferenças foram utilizados 15 exemplares de H. ancistroides de cada população, sendo tomadas 26 medidas morfométricas e calculadas seis áreas, de maneira que foram calculados 22 índices ecomorfológicos. Para evidenciar diferenças ecomorfológicas entre os espécimes foram realizados Análises de Variáveis Canônicas (AVC) e um teste "post hoc" de comparações pareadas de Hotelling. Todas as relações comparativas entre as populações apresentaram diferenças significativas. Os fatores que influenciaram as variações populacionais foram creditados às diferenças hidrodinâmicas na dimensão longitudinal dos rios providas, principalmente, por represamentos em cascata e suas consequências. Palavras-chave: Barramentos, cascata de reservatórios, morfologia, rio Ivaí, rio Paranapanema. Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering, 1911) is a widely distributed species in the upper Paraná river basin and is also one of the most abundant species of this hydrographic region. Considering the premise that isolated populations in environments with distinct environmental characteristics may be influenced by intrinsic abiotic and biotic factors of the site, which culminate in the selection of certain adaptive attributes of an ecological character, we have tested the hypothesis that populations of H. ancistroides resident in different basins present differences in ecomorphological attributes. A total of 150 individuals of H. ancistroides from 10 different basins were analyzed within the upper Paraná River system. Fifteen specimens of H. ancistroides from each population were used to test the differences. Twenty-six morphometric measures were taken and six areas were calculated, so that 22 ecomorphological indices were calculated. In order to demonstrate ecomorphological differences between the specimens, we performed Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) and a post hoc test of paired comparisons of Hotelling. All comparative relationships among populations showed significant differences. The factors that influenced the population variations were credited to the hydrodynamic differences in the longitudinal dimension of the rivers provided, mainly, by cascade of reservoirs and their consequences.
... Information about congeners was based on both comparative material and literature (e.g. Günther 1880; Boulenger 1897; Regan 1913, Starks 1913, Fowler 1943Boeseman 1968;Weber 1985;Mazzoni et al. 1994;Armbruster 2003;Oyakawa et al. 2005;Armbruster et al. 2007;Garavello et al. 2012;Weber et al. 2012;Zawadzki et al. 2013Zawadzki et al. , 2016Zawadzki et al. , 2017Zawadzki et al. , 2021Alonso et al. 2016;Cardoso et al. 2016Cardoso et al. , 2019Matamoros et al. 2016;Ramos et al. 2017;Lustosa-Costa et al. 2022). Type material of the species here described is deposited in the following ichthyological collections: Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Coleção Ictiológica do Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Chapadinha (CICCAA); and Coleção Ictiológica da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís (CIUEMA). ...
Hypostomus krikati sp. n. is described from the Mearim River basin, state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. This new species shares all the diagnostic features defining the Hypostomus plecostomus super-group. Three species of the H. plecostomus super-group are geographically close to the species described here (Hypostomus jaguribensis, H. pusarum and H. papariae). Hypostomus krikati sp. n. is easily distinguised from them by having conspicuous keels along the lateral series of plates. There are other species geographically close to H. krikati sp. n. that do not belong to the H. plecostomus super-group (H. johnii, H. velhomonge and H. velhochico). Hypostomus krikati sp. n. differs from these species by having a lower number of teeth, conspicuous keels along the lateral series of plates, abdominal region totally covered by plates, dark spots horizontally not aligned along lateral series of plates, and large-sized adults. The recently described species for the Maranhão hydrographic systems, as well as the new species here described reinforce the hypothesis that the Maranhão hydrographic systems may present a high level of endemism for freshwater fishes.
... For example, the hydrographic freshwater ecoregions Northeastern Mata Atlântica (NMA) and São Francisco (SF) (Abell et al., 2008) are characterized by high levels of endemism and an intricate biogeographic history, with several examples of shared species and remarkable Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls (e.g., Argolo et al., 2020). (Starks, 1913), Hypostomus jaguar (Zanata, Sardeiro & Zawadzki, 2013), Hypostomus leucophaeus (Zanata & Pitanga, 2016), Hypostomus nigrolineatus (Zawadzki, Carvalho, Birindelli, & Azevedo, 2016), and Hypostomus velhochico (Zawadzki, Oyakawa & Britski, 2017). The species Hypostomus paulinus (Ihering 1905) and H. auroguttatus (Gosline 1947) described for the Upper Paraná ecoregion are also reported in SF and NMA, respectively. ...
Hypostomus Lacépède, 1803, is a species-rich and widespread fish genus from the Neotropical region, but its evolutionary history and systematics remain largely unclear. In addition, species from regions with high levels of species richness and endemism such as the Northeastern Mata Atlântica (NMA) and São Francisco (SF) hydrographic freshwater ecoregions are underrepresented in phylogenetic studies so far. In this study, we performed a broad sampling of Hypostomus in NMA and SF to investigate the interspecific boundaries and phylogenetic relationships using a multilocus approach based on one mitochondrial and three nuclear markers. Seven genetic groups were found for both ecoregions, in addition to one lineage exclusive to the SF represented by populations of the species Hypostomus velhochico. Moreover, multilocus analyses validated 16 formally described species and two new lineages for the NMA and SF ecoregions, as well as putative cases of species complexes. In general, lineages with independent evolutionary histories were revealed within the same ecoregion alongside genetically related groups between NMA, SF, and other ecoregions. These data reinforce the intricate scenario of this group of Neotropical fish and are useful to outline further phylogeographic studies in Hypostomus.
... Among the Hypostominae, Hypostomus Lacépède 1803 is the richest genus, currently having about 140 species (Queiroz et al., 2020;Zawadzki et al., 2016). Generally, representatives of this genus have benthic habits (Garavello & Garavello, 2004) and feed mainly on rocky bottoms by scraping the substrate (Delariva & Agostinho, 2001). ...
In a recent expedition to the rio Grande basin, a tributary of the rio Paraná in southern Brazil, individuals of the armoured catfish genus Hypostomus with a peculiar and beautiful colour pattern composed of pale vermiculations on the head and four to five horizontal stripes on the flanks were collected. Initially, the specimens were identified as a colour morph of the pale‐spotted H. margaritifer. However, when we compared their partial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene to sequences of some typically pale‐spotted H. margaritifer, the striped specimens were genetically distinct. Further analysis of the striped individuals revealed that they are the poorly known but valid species Hypostomus variipictus, which was described by Ihering in 1911 from the rio Pardo, a tributary of the rio Grande, upper rio Paraná basin, in São Paulo State, Brazil. Since its descriptions, no robust taxonomic work has been published concerning this species. In this study, the newly sampled population was compared to the original description and to the holotype of H. variipictus, providing the foundation for a complete redescription, proper diagnosis, and first live colour illustration and description of the previously hidden H. variipictus.
... Hypostomus Lacépède, 1803 is the most species-rich catfish genus in the Neotropi- cal subfamily Hypostominae (Loricariidae), which comprises around 135 species ( Zawadzki et al. 2016). The species-level taxonomy of this genus is complex, being hampered by the considerable morphological variation found in local populations and the presence of numerous cryptic species with major intraspecific variation in mor- phology and body pigmentation patterns ( Dias and Zawadzki 2018). ...
A cytogenetic analysis based on the integration of a number of different chromosomal methodologies, including chromosome microdissection was carried out to characterize the chromosomally polymorphic Hypostomusregani population from the Paraguay River basin, state of Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil. All specimens had 2n=72 (FN=116) but two distinct karyotype formulas: karyomorph A (12m+14sm+18s+28a) and karyomorph B (13m+14sm+17st+28a). Karyomorph A and B differed only for pair 19 that consisted of two subtelocentrics in karyomorph A and a large metacentric and a subtelocentric in karyomorph B. This heteromorphism was due to extensive heterochromatinization of the short arm of the large metacentric, as highlighted by C-banding. The microdissection of the large metacentric of pair 19 allowed the production of a probe, named HrV ( Hypostomusregani Variant), that hybridized to the whole p arm of the large metacentric and the pericentromeric region of the short arm of its (subtelocentric) homologue (karyomorph B) and of both homologs of pair 19 in karyomorph A. Additional cytogenetic techniques (FISH with 18S and 5S rDNA probes, CMA 3 and DAPI staining) allowed a finer distinction of the two karyomorphs. These results reinforced the hypothesis that the novel large metacentric of H.regani (karyomorph B) was the result of the amplification of heterochromatin segments, which contributed to karyotypic diversification in this species.
... Hypostomus Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) has about 135 valid species (Eschmeyer and Fong 2017) in Central to South America (Zawadzki et al. 2016a). The taxonomy of most species of the genus is usually difficult due to old type materials, poor morphological descriptions and the great morphological variation found in local populations, especially regarding the widely distributed species. ...
... The rio Ivaí basin recently has become the subject of scientific studies related to fish populations, due to increasing efforts in the sampling of its ichthyofauna (Luiz et al. 2003, Zawadzki et al. 2004, Luiz et al. 2005, Portela-Castro et al. 2007, Graça and Pavanelli 2008, Maier et al. 2008, Araújo et al. 2011, Delariva and Silva 2013, Paiva et al. 2013, Viana et al. 2013, Roxo et al. 2014, Tencatt et al. 2014, Frota et al. 2016, Zawadzki et al. 2016a. The recognition of areas of endemism is essential for species preservation (Löwenberg-Neto and Carvalho 2004). ...
The rio Ivaí flows through the left margin of the upper rio Paraná basin with 798 km of extension, being one of its largest tributaries. In this study, we analyzed 586 specimens of Hypostomus Lacépède, 1803 from the rio Ivaí basin deposited in the Coleção de Peixes do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (NUP) and Coleção Ictiológica do Grupo de Pesquisas em Limnologia e Recursos Pesqueiros (CIG). Herein, 14 species of Hypostomus were recorded from the rio Ivaí basin (10 already described and 4 possible new). The most representative species was H. ancistroides , corresponding to 23.5% of all the specimens, followed by Hypostomus sp. 3, with 15.2%, and Hypostomus sp. 2, with 13.8%. Considering Hypostomus , this study suggests that the rio Ivaí has high species richness compared with adjacent basins, such as rio Paranapanema, rio Tibagi, rio Piquiri and rio Iguaçu. Knowing the difficulties founded by many ichthyologists and researchers in identifying species within this genus, we also present here an identification key for its species present in the rio Ivaí basin.
... Currently, cytogenetic, molecular and taxonomic papers have been published concerning species of Hypostomus from several Neotropical river basins (e.g. Bueno et al. 2013;Cardoso et al. 2016;Zawadzki et al. 2008Zawadzki et al. , 2016. However, papers dealing with species of Hypostomus from the rio São Francisco basin are still scarce. ...
Hypostomus velhochico sp. n., is described from the rio São Francisco basin, in the states of Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil. The new species is mainly distinguished from its congeners by a combination of characters such as slender bicuspid teeth, dentaries angled more than 90 degrees, conspicuous keels along lateral series of plates, small roundish dark spots, one plate bordering supraoccipital, spots aligned along lateral series of plates, and by attaining small to medium size. Hypostomus velhochico is widespread in the rio São Francisco basin and has a more similar general pattern of external morphology to species from the Northeastern Brazilian Coastal drainages than to species of the rio São Francisco basin. Aspects about its ecology and its putative relationship are discussed.
This study aims to provide an annotated list of the type-material housed in the fish collection of the Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (NUP), Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. NUP’s fish type collection hosts type-material of 157 species, distributed in 503 lots (11 holotypes and 492 lots of paratypes) totalling 2,915 specimens. For each species, catalog numbers of all available lots are provided, and for each lot, total number of specimens, range of variation of standard length, number of cleared and stained specimens (when any), locality data, collectors, and date of collection, are provided.
A redescription of Hypostomus hermanni is presented herein along with the description of a new species of Hypostomus, which is apparently endemic to the Ivaí River basin, a tributary of the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Hypostomus hermanni is diagnosed from congeners mainly by having: usually large black blotches on body and fins; absence of keels on compound pterotic, on pre-dorsal plates, and on lateral series of bony plates; by having parieto-supraoccipital and predorsal region flat; and by having less than 46 teeth per each premaxilla or dentary ramus. The new species is distinguished from congeners mainly for lacking conspicuous blotches, parieto-supraoccipital non-carinate, and villiform bicuspid teeth.
