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In this study, we produced a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against triadimefon (TDF) and triadimenol (TDN). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration for TDF and TDN was 5.25 and 9.98 ng/mL, respectively, with a linear detection range (IC20–IC80) of 1.09–25.35 and 2.29–43.61 ng/mL, respectively. Subsequently, we developed a colloidal gold immu...
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Given the application of αB-VxXXIVA-conotoxin (αB-CTX) in analgesics and cancer chemotherapeutics, and its threat to humans, it is urgent to develop a rapid, effective and accurate method for the analysis and detection of αB-CTX in real shellfish and medicine drug samples. In the present study, two different immunochromatographic strips were establ...
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... Colloidal gold immunochromatography is an immunolabeling technique using colloidal gold as a tracer marker, which has the advantages of high specificity, rapid detection, easy operation and visualization of detection results, and has been widely used in the fields of biomedicine, food detection and animal disease diagnosis [20][21][22][23] . In this study, a rapid test strip for the detection of cypermethrin residues in tobacco was developed using colloidal gold immunochromatography. Compared with chromatography and enzyme-linked immunoassay, this technique has better operability and higher detection efficiency, and its technical parameters and detection indexes were evaluated by colloidal gold reader, which solved the operational errors caused by the different readings of the test strip by different experimenters. ...
In this study, the establishment of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic method for the detection of cypermethrin in tobacco was achieved by using colloidal gold immunochromatography: strong specificity and high sensitivity of cypermethrin semi-antigens and encapsulants were prepared during the study. The best colloidal gold solution was prepared by spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscope screening; the preparation process of gold-labeled antibodies was optimized, and finally the product of colloidal gold rapid detection test strips for cypermethrin was developed. The results of technical parameters and detection indexes showed that the detection limit of cypermethrin in tobacco was 1 mg/kg, and there was no cross-reaction with bifenthrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin and phenothrin, and the detection results of 30 tobacco samples were consistent with those of gas chromatography.
... The four pads were successively pasted onto a plastic carrier plate. The assembly of the test strip was carried out as previously reported (Lin et al. 2020). ...
In China, harmful algal blooms (HABs) are one of the most prominent ecological disasters in the coastal areas. Among the harmful algae species that cause HABs, Karen mikimotoi is a kind of algae that appear frequently. It can secrete hemolytic toxins and fish toxins such as glycolipids and unsaturated fatty, posing a significant threat to marine life. In order to establish a fast and effective detection technology for Karen mikimotoi that can be promoted and applied on site, we have developed a test strip which is based on monoclonal antibody technology and the colloidal gold immune-chromatography assay (GICA). The experimental results show that this test strip can detect different growth stages including growth, and stable and recession period of Karen mikimotoi. The detection results can be displayed within 3–15 min. It had high sensitivity and specificity, with a detection limit of 754 cells/mL. A colorimetric card was made to further determine the concentration of algae detected. What is more, we had developed a method that can be used for on-site enrichment of algae cells using a syringe to detect lower concentrations of Karen mikimotoi, with a minimum detection concentration of 100 cells/mL. Also the test strip was used for on-site testing along the coast of China. This test strip not only serves as a warning for the outbreak of red tide, but also provides a new approach for the development of rapid detection technology for red tide algae.
... Compared with other detection methods, GICA has the advantages of fast and sensitive results. It also does not need any instrument and can be directly observed with the eyes (Lin et al., 2020;Sun et al., 2005). Therefore, it is widely used in many fields, such as food security and medicine (Shim et al., 2006). ...
... These four parts were successively pasted onto a plastic carrier plate. The assembly of the test strip was carried out as previously reported (Guo et al., 2015;Lin et al., 2020). ...
... If neither T-line nor C-line was colored, the test strip was invalid (Fig. 1e). The similar detection principle was also widely used in the detection of viruses and toxic residues in food and water (Lin et al., 2020;Yu et al., 2019;Zhu et al., 2008). ...
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are major ecological and environmental problems in China’s coastal waters and seriously threaten the stability of the marine ecosystem and human health. Gymnodinium catenatum is a toxic red tide dinoflagellate. It can produce paralytic shellfish toxins (PSP), which cause serious hazards to marine organisms, public health, and safety. In this paper, a test strip based on colloidal gold immunochromatography (GICG) was developed for the rapid detection of Gymnodinium catenatum. The experimental results showed that the test strip has good specificity and sensitivity. It not only detects the different components of Gymnodinium catenatum but also may detect algal toxins. The lowest density of Gymnodinium catenatum that can be detected by this test strip is approximately 120 cells/mL. Cross-reaction indicated that the test strip had a high specificity for Gymnodinium catenatum. This test strip provides a rapid method for in situ detection of Gymnodinium catenatum and a reference method for the monitoring of other harmful algae to serve as an early warning of upcoming red tides. It also provides a new way to prepare more detection methods for toxic algal toxins.
... Compared with other detection methods, GICA has the advantages of fast and sensitive results. It also does not need any instrument and can be directly observed with the eyes (Lin et al., 2020a;Sun et al., 2005). Therefore, it is widely used in many elds, such as food security and medicine (Shim et al., 2006). ...
... These four parts were successively pasted onto a plastic carrier plate. The assembly of the test strip was carried out as previously reported (Guo et al., 2015;Lin et al., 2020a). ...
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are major ecological and environmental problems in China's coastal waters and seriously threaten the stability of the marine ecosystem and human health. Gymnodinium catenatum is a toxic red tide dinoflagellate. It can produce paralytic shellfish toxins (PSP), which cause serious hazards to marine organisms, public health and safety. In this paper, a test strip based on colloidal gold immunochromatography (GICG) was developed for the rapid detection of Gymnodinium catenatum . The experimental results showed that the test trip has good specificity and sensitivity. It not only detects the different components of Gymnodinium catenatum but also may detect algal toxins. The lowest density of Gymnodinium catenatum that can be detected by this test strip is approximately 120 cells/mL. Cross-reaction indicated that the test strip had a high specificity for Gymnodinium catenatum. This test strip provides a rapid method for on-site detection of Gymnodinium catenatum and a reference method for the monitoring of other harmful algae to serve as an early warning of upcoming red tides. It also provides a new way to prepare more detection methods for toxic algal toxins.
... After vortexing, the sample was centrifuged at 6500 r/min for 15 min, and the supernatant was removed. The pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 7.4 with 0.75 M sodium hydroxide [28]. Five instances of dilution with HBS were used to obtain the final sample extract. ...
Mercury is a major pollutant in food crops. In this study, we synthesized an anti-mercury monoclonal antibody (mAb; IC50 was 0.606 ng mL−1) with high sensitivity and specificity and different immunogens and coating antigens and developed an immuno-chromatographic assay (ICA) for the detection of mercury in rice. The ICA strip had a visible detection limit of 20 ng g−1 and a cut-off value of 500 ng g−1 in rice. The performance of the ICA strip was consistent with that of ICP-MS and ic-ELISA. The recoveries of mercury in rice ranged from 94.5% to 113.7% with ic-ELISA and from 93.6% to 116.45% with ICP-MS. Qualitative analysis by ICA can be obtained with the naked eye. The ICA strip is an effective and practical method for the rapid and high-throughput determination of mercury in rice.
... Finally, 50 μL/well of the 0.01 M H 2 SO 4 solution was used to stop the color reaction, and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader. 25,26 Several parameters can affect the performance and sensitivity of the ic-ELISA, and this study optimized two of the important terms of the working solution, namely, pH and ionic strength. 27−29 A series of standard dilution buffers at different pH values (pH 4.0, 5.5, 7.4, 8.8, and 9.6) were used to dilute the imidocarb standards. ...
Based on the successful derivation of a hapten, we prepared and optimized a murine monoclonal antibody against imidocarb, with an IC50 of 2.22 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.45 ng/mL. Cross-experiment results showed that the cross-over rate for 4,4′-dinitrocarbanilide was 18.12%, and the cross-reactivity with other analogues when using the ic ELISA was less than 0.1%. We used the developed ic-ELISA to detect the addition and recovery of imidocarb in milk and beef samples, and values were 86.0–93.5 and 84.5–101.2%, respectively. The preparation of an immunochromatographic test strip based on gold nanoparticles was used for the rapid identification of imidocarb in milk and beef samples. When assessed by the naked eye, the visual LOD for imidocarb in milk and beef samples was 5 and 10 ng/mL, and the cut-off values were 20 and 50 ng/mL, respectively. Because of its high sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity, the test strip can be used for on-site testing and rapid screening of imidocarb in food samples.
Zearalenone (ZEN), also known as an F-2 toxin, is a secondary metabolite in the toxic Fusarium species with estrogen properties. ZEN and its derivatives can cause developmental and reproductive disorders in humans and other mammals. In this study, colloidal Au spheres (AuSPs) and Au nanoflowers (AuNFs) were used as signal labels to detect ZEN in cereals, and the critical factors affecting the sensitivity of the immunochromatographic strip (ICS), namely the volume of antigen, antibody, and probe quantities were optimized and compared in detail. Since the large specific surface area of AuNFs reduces the steric hindrance of proteins, it is more conducive to improving the fixation rate of antibodies and proteins. Compared with the traditional colloidal AuSP immunochromatographic strip (AuSP-ICS), the volume of the antibody used in the AuNF immunochromatographic strip (AuNF-ICS) was 0.6 times that in the AuSPs-ICS. At the same antigen volume, a lower amount of probe can achieve the desired visual detection effect and higher sensitivity. For the AuNF-ICS, the limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 0.08 ng mL-1. ZEN could be detected quickly and accurately from 0.08-10.2 ng mL-1. And the AuNF-ICS had a high degree of specificity and sensitivity to ZEN. In summary, the AuNF-ICS serves as a valuable tool in large-scale on-site detection of ZEN.
Pendimethalin (PDM), a dinitroaniline group herbicide, is extensively used for controlling weeds in amounts of agricultural crops. In this work, Hapten-1 and Hapten-2 were synthesized for the preparation of an anti-PDM monoclonal antibody (mAb), which was used to establish an indirect competitive ELISA. Based on the anti-PDM mAb, we developed an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for detection of PDM in potato and apple. Under optimal conditions, the ICA exhibited a cut-off value of 200 ng/g and the visible limit of detection was 10 ng/g for apple and potato samples in qualitative detection. Analysis of quantitative detection suggested that the limit of detection were 5.4 and 3.2 ng/g in apple and potato samples, respectively. Moreover, the results obtained from the developed ICA strip were shown to coincide with those of LC-MS/MS in the analysis of apple and potato samples. In addition, the ICA exhibited excellent performance with regard to sensitivity, speed, and portability in contrast to previous determination methods for PDM. Hence, the proposed ICA strip showed superior prospects in PDM residue determination.
Difenoconazole is triazole fungicide, widely used to prevent the growth and reproduction of fungi and to control fungal diseases in fruits and vegetables. In this work, we prepared a hapten of difenoconazole and produced a highly-sensitive anti difenoconazole-monoclonal antibody (mAb) with an IC50 of 0.64 ng/mL. Using the mAb, an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was developed to analyze difenoconazole residues in pear and cucumber samples. The ICA exhibited LOD values of 2.60 and 2.30 ng/g for difenoconazole in pear and cucumber samples, respectively. The ICA showed average recoveries of difenoconazole ranging from 94.3% ± 3.6%–105.4% ± 1.6%, and CVs of 1.5–4.2% in cucumber and pear samples. When used to measure difenoconazole in samples, the ICA results were compatible with those detected by LC/MSMS. The results of this study support the idea that an ICA is a practical and effective tool for high-throughput and rapid analysis of difenoconazole residues in vegetables and fruits.
