helminths - Science topic

The initial period of colonization of the Pskov region by a new mammal species is considered. In 2023 and 2024, two Canis aureus individuals were caught in the northwest of the region. The jackal is known to inhabit neighboring countries - Estonia and Belarus, but the first reliable fact of the jackal presence in the Pskov region was noted only in...

Обобщены результаты многолетних исследований авторов и данные научной литературы по изучению гельминтофауны шести видов птиц семейства Alcidae (чистиковые), обитающих в Баренцевоморском регионе, – люрика (Alle alle), гагарки (Alca torda), тупика (Fratercula arctica), атлантического чистика (Cepphus grylle), тонкоклювой (Uria aalge) и толстоклювой (...

Traditional medicine has made use of a herb known as Anisomeles malabarica. Medicinal plant extracts and their components have been shown to be biodegradable, and their effects are similar to those of prescription drugs. Anisomeles malabarica (Family-Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant found in tropical and subtropical regions of India that is used to...

Background Intestinal parasitic infections remain very common, particularly in areas with a high prevalence of immune-compromised patients, such as HIV/AIDS patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors in people living with HIV/AIDS at an ART clinic in Mizan-Tepi University Teach...

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of integrating seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with mass drug administration for helminth control among school‐aged children living in communities where the burden of malaria and helminths is high in Ghana, West Africa. Methods This cluster randomised controlled trial will enro...

Hox genes are central to metazoan body plan formation, patterning and evolution, playing a critical role in cell fate decisions early in embryonic development in invertebrates and vertebrates. While the archetypical Hox gene cluster consists of members of nine ortholog groups (HOX1-HOX9), arrayed in close linkage in the order in which they have the...

The gut mycobiota is crucial for intestinal homeostasis and immune function¹. Yet its variability and inconsistent fungal colonization of laboratory mice hinders the study of the evolutionary and immune processes that underpin commensalism2,3. Here, we show that Kazachstania pintolopesii is a fungal commensal in wild urban and rural mice, with an e...

Nowadays, antimicrobial resistance is a burning issue all over the globe and has been addressed with higher priority. Anthelmintic resistance (AhR) is also becoming a threatening issue since control of helminths mainly depends on deworming using anthelmintics. Therefore, anthelmintics are frequently used around the year. However, the issue regardin...

This study reports the first confirmed case of infection by Entamoeba sp. in an equine in the Federal District. An English Thoroughbred equine showed non-specific clinical signs, such as weight loss and behavioral changes. The parasitological examination of the feces revealed the presence of Entamoeba sp., in addition to other helminths. After diag...

Background: Haemonchosis is a major parasitic infestation in ruminant livestock , causing significant economic losses annually. The causative organisms are helminths of the genus Haemonchus spp. Detection of the causative agent is important for effective management and control of the disease. Molecular detection and characterization of parasites is...

Background/Objectives: Despite efforts within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goal to end malnutrition by 2030, malnutrition and soil-transmitted helminth infections persist in sub-Saharan Africa. A significant barrier to success is the inadequate understanding of effective intervention methods. Most research on the gut microbiota’s ro...

Helminthic infections, particularly those caused by trematodes, pose a significant health risk to both animals and humans. This study investigates hepatobiliary platynosomosis (HP) caused by Platynosomum illiciens in black-tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) in Central Brazil. Data were retrospectively collected from autopsy records at the La...

Studies on Brazil’s helminthological fauna began in the early 20th century, and since then several zoologists from different parts of the country have focused on parasitology. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of helminthological biodiversity in the Amazon region, especially in fish, which is essential for the Amazonian economy. This s...

Background Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections occurring during pregnancy may pose adverse health consequences to the mother and the developing baby. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and STHs, and their association with adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in Jimma Town. Methods A...

Dioctophyme renale is a zoonotic nematode that parasitizes mainly right kidney of domestic and wild canines, and can affect humans, and its eggs are eliminated in urine. The duration of egg dissemination after surgical treatment is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify, quantify, and verify the duration of the elimination...

Background: Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, is a major helminth disease in terms of morbidity and mortality that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. This study aimed to use real-time PCR (RT‒PCR) for the detection of Schistosoma sp. DNA in both urine and faeces samples before and after praziquantel (PZQ) treatment, and th...

Background and Aims: parasitic infections are becoming more common in non-endemic countries because of intensified immigration and international travels; however, the parasitic disease burden is often underestimated because of underdiagnosis and lack of surveillance in industrialized countries. Also, in Italy, epidemiological data on intestinal par...

Background Trichuris trichiura is humans’ second most prevalent soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection after Ascaris lumbricoides , affecting approximately 4.6 million people worldwide. Despite its sub-optimal sensitivity, especially in low prevalence and infection intensity settings, the modified Kato-Katz (K-K) is still recommended as a diagno...

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in devastating health and economic consequences worldwide. Vaccination has been a central pillar for COVID-19 prevention and control. Understanding the immunomodulatory effects of helminth infections on COVID-19 vaccine induced immune responses and vaccine efficacy is cruci...

Freshwater ecosystems in Lithuania are threatened by the introduction of invasive fish species in-cluding Neogobius fluviatilis, N. melanostomus, Perccottus glenii, and Pseudorasbora parva. Data on helminth parasites of these fishes have not been comprehensively studied, with only two reports on parasites of N. melanostomus from the Curonian Lagoon...

Life history theory predicts that a trade‐off may occur when an increased investment in one fitness component causes a reduced investment in another. Parasites generate changes in the optimal life history traits of organisms, causing compromises for their hosts. The objective of this research was to determine whether trematodes Clinostomum sp. and...

The harlequin toad ( Atelopus cruciger Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856) is an endemic species of Venezuela’s Cordillera de la Costa, found at elevations ranging from 30 to 2,000 m. Currently, only three populations are documented, all on the northern slope of Henri Pittier National Park. Despite the ecological importance of anurans, knowledge of their...

Wild animals host a wide variety of parasites, and the disorders caused by these parasites are among the most prevalent and significant infectious diseases affecting wildlife. The investigation of parasitic fauna is crucial for the conservation of wild animals, domestic populations, and humans. Therefore, the aim of the study was to survey endo- an...

Los perros ofrecen múltiples beneficios en su relación con los humanos, pero también pueden ser portadores de parásitos zoonóticos que afectan la salud humana y animal. Las zoonosis representan alrededor del 58 % de todas las enfermedades infecciosas en los humanos. Se evaluó el parasitismo intestinal en perros con dueños en la ciudad de Barranquil...

Poor sanitation, improper food handling, limited access to safe drinking water sources, and limited access to healthcare services contribute to a high prevalence of infections caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) among the BaAka Pygmies, an indigenous community living in Central Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the rates of STH...

This study investigated the microbiological and parasitic quality of sewage sludge treated in drying beds in Algeria, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the factors influencing sludge safety for potential agricultural applications in the Algerian context. The research focused on various sludge types (liquid, semi-solid, and solid) an...

Background and Aim: Rodents are carriers or reservoirs of various bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and ectoparasites. Given the proximity of various rodent species and humans, there is a potential for the transmission of pathogens. Data on ecto- and endo-parasite prevalence in rodent populations in Gabon are limited. To fill this gap, we conducted a st...

INTRODUCTION: Zoonoses caused by protozoa and helminths affect around 3.5 billion people in the world. Dogs are a source of infection and environmental contaminants of these pathologies. Although there is information on this problem in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA), the socio-environmental heterogeneity makes it necessary to analyze al...

Recent developments in microscopic and molecular tools have allowed the implementation of new approaches for assessing parasitic infections in wildlife populations. This is particularly important for the noninvasive detection and quantification of endoparasites in live animals. Here, we combined copromicroscopic (Mini‐FLOTAC) and molecular (qPCR) t...

The objectives of the present work were the investigation of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in dogs in small ruminant farms in Greece, the elucidation of potential predictors for these infections and the description of practices related to administration of anthelmintics to dogs. This study was carried out in 444 small ruminant farms in Gree...

Background Intestinal parasitic (IP) infections caused by helminths are among the most significant public health concerns that mainly affect deprived people in Sub-Sahara African countries. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic helminths among patients attending Mekaneselam hospital....

Study’s Excerpt Water quality and the prevalence of waterborne diseases in Chikun Local Government Area, Kaduna State, were assessed. Microbiological analyses revealed microbial, helminth and protozoan contamination in water sources while Physicochemical analyses revealed heavy metal contamination. There is a need for enhanced water treatment and c...

Background: Wild animals often suffer from infections with multiple species of parasites simultaneously. The exchange of parasites between different host species is common in nature and often involves intermediate hosts or sharing space such as pastures or watering holes. Supplementary feeding, leading to large aggregations of individuals, can have...

Infecting humans with controlled doses of small intestinal helminths, such as human hookworm, is proposed as a therapy for the colonic inflammatory disease ulcerative colitis. Strengthening the colonic mucus barrier is a potential mechanism by which small intestinal helminths could treat ulcerative colitis. In this study, we compare C57BL/6 mice in...

Abstract: The presence, on sugar beet plants, of the invasive complexes of parasitic nematodes of the genus: Heterodera, Dytilenchus, Helycotilechus, Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus has been detected in all phytotechnical systems on the territory of the R.Moldova, being capable of seriously compromising the harvest of sweet roots. Following the helmin...

Helminth infections, a significant global health concern, are effectively treated with anthelmintic drugs. However, the rise of anthelmintic-resistant strains in livestock threatens both animal and human health. Understanding the factors influencing anthelmintic resistance is crucial to mitigate the threat posed by these parasites. Due to difficult...

Background: Helminth infections are associated with cognitive deficits, especially in school-age children. Deworming treatment in heavily infected children improves their short- and long-term memory recall. In mice, intraperitoneal helminth infection with Taenia crassiceps (T. crassiceps) shows sexual dimorphism in terms of the parasite load, immun...

Immunopathology of human tuberculosis (TB) in a subgroup of patients is characterized by aberrantly high concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, for example Interleukin (IL)-6. Concomitant (co-)infections by parasites can affect host immunity, but the impact on immunopathology in TB patients is poorly defined. Here we characterized a group of pat...

The prevalence of parasites species in the gills, skin, operculum, muscle, liver, gut, intestine and stomach of Clarias gariepinus was determined. Out of total of 506 sample of both Adult and juvenile of Clarias gariepinus were purchased from Fishermen at Omi Dam in Omi from January-December, 2022. This study was done in both dry and rainy season,...

Introduction The aim of this study was to estimate the occurrence of Echinococcus spp. and other helminth infections in grey wolves in south-eastern Poland. Material and Methods Overall, 74 samples of wolf faeces were examined with a multiplex PCR and a system of real-time quantitative PCR methods to detect and identify Echinococcus spp. The faece...

Background Helminth coinfection with tuberculosis (TB) can alter the phenotype and function of macrophages, which are the major host cells responsible for controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, it is not known whether helminth infection stimulates the release of host-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to induce or maintain their r...

Lactuca sativa representa a verdura mais utilizada na alimentação humana sendo consumida através de saladas. A ingestão de Lactuca sativa pode apresentar riscos à saúde humana devido à probabilidade de transmissão de parasitas intestinais. No entanto, as condições higiênicas e sanitárias de hortaliças como alface proveniente de restaurantes são pou...

Biological control of undesirable organisms and pathogens often involves the introduction of alien species into new regions. However, alien species themselves pose a potential threat to local ecosystems and economies. The Eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki is recognised as a dangerous invasive species, but despite this, it is still used for bi...

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colorectal cancer, and it has the potential to diminish the quality of life. Clinical and experimental evidence demonstrate protective aspects of parasitic helminth infection against IBD. However, studies on the inhibition of inflammation by helminth infection have overlooked a key d...

Alongside their well-established role in hemostasis, platelets are key modulators of immune cell function. This is particularly the case for macrophages, as platelets can either promote or dampen macrophage activation in a context-specific manner. Whilst the role of platelets in modulating classical (M1) macrophage activation following bacterial ch...

Background Gastrointestinal helminths are considerable constraints in cattle farming in Sub-Saharan Africa causing significant ill health and economic losses to rural communities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with gastrointestinal helminths in cattle in Bulambuli District, Eastern Uganda. Methods A cross-secti...

Introduction: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic worms, transmitted via mosquito bites. Significant global efforts have led to the interruption of LF transmission, with eight of the 16 previously endemic Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) validated by WHO as having eliminated the disease as a...

Introduction. Parasitic diseases continue to affect the population of many countries of the world. About 2 billion people on the planet are infected with helminths, including Toxocara canis. Invasion with Toxocara canis represents a strong endogenous factor in the formation of the regulatory imbalance of the immune system. The integral evaluation o...

Histopathological studies of parasitic infections in fish from the natural environment of Brazilian Amazon, are quite scarce. In this study, we investigated the histopathological changes of the proximal intestine of specimens of the Amazonian fish Hoplias malabaricus infected by the hematophagous nematode Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) paraensis....

Background: Helminth infections are one of the utmost health and economic problems in developing tropical countries. Synthetic anthelmintics are present and have some limitations, like inaccessibility and drug resistance, and so alternative anthelmintics become inevitable. Among medicinal plants, Macaranga peltata shows many bioactive compounds. Th...

Free-ranging Chacma baboon species are known to harbour a wide range of zoonotic parasites, and their frequent close interactions with humans pose a risk of transmission of zoonotic parasites between the two species. This research study focused on understanding parasite dynamics in free-ranging baboon populations that inhabit human-wildlife interfa...

Schistosomiasis a ects approximately worldwide, with , million people deaths annually. It has been documented that the granulomatous response to Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) oviposition is the root cause of progressive liver fibrosis in chronic infection, in % of the patients, and can lead to liver cirrhosis and/or liver cancer. The influence...

Helminths are diseases which exist frequently with the poultry. To cure these parasitosis, breeders use very often synthetic products which are source of food poisoning for the consumers. However, past studies showed that some plants are known to their anthelmintic properties. For sanitary biosafety, the current study aimed to gauge helminthic capa...

Free-ranging Chacma baboon species are known to harbour a wide range of zoonotic parasites, and their frequent close interactions with humans pose a risk of transmission of zoonotic parasites between the two species. This research study focused on understanding parasite dynamics in free-ranging baboon populations that inhabit human-wildlife interfa...

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a significant global health burden, affecting over 1.5 billion people worldwide. In the Philippines, STH infections continue to be prevalent, despite ongoing control efforts. The Integrated Helminth Control Program (IHCP), whose cornerstone is mass drug administration (MDA) with benzimidazole drugs,...

Living organisms are exposed to multiple environmental factors that can affect their fitness. The negative effects of these simultaneous stressors can be additive or can interact in negative synergistic or antagonistic ways to affect the health of exposed individuals. Parasites can accumulate pollutants in their own tissues and have been shown to i...

There are numerous challenges associated with helminth control in captive animals. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of the research on deworming of captive herbivorous mammals, the associated problems and the solutions sought, in order to derive recommendations for practice in the relevant institutions. The research was conduc...

Background Manual screening of a Kato-Katz (KK) thick stool smear remains the current standard to monitor the impact of large-scale deworming programs against soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). To improve this diagnostic standard, we recently designed an artificial intelligence based digital pathology system (AI-DP) for digital image capture and an...

Helminth infections are a major public health problem as they can cause long-term chronic infections in their hosts for which there is no effective vaccine. During the long-term interaction between helminths and their hosts, helminth-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can participate in host immunomodulatory processes by secreting bioactive molec...

BACKGROUND Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by the helminth Taenia solium . Racemose neurocysticercosis is a rare form of the disease that specifically involves cerebrospinal fluid–filled spaces in the brain and carries a high rate of complications and mortality. OBSERVATIONS This report describes th...

As animals age, they exhibit a suite of phenotypic changes, often including reductions in movement and social behaviour (‘behavioural ageing’). By altering an individual’s exposure to parasites, behavioural ageing may influence infection status trajectories over the lifespan. However, these processes could be confounded by age-related changes in ot...

Gastrointestinal parasites are widespread in cattle worldwide, causing both clinical and sub-clinical infections that can lead to significant financial losses. This study investigated the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths infection in cattle slaughtered in the abattoir at Gwagwalada area council, federal capital territory, Nigeria. A total o...

Background: I. khasiana Purkay. is an evergreen tree of the family Aquifoliaceae and is classified critically endangered as only few of them are identified in Northeast India. In Khasi traditional medicine, it is used for the remedy of tuberculosis and viral infections, while it is therapeutically used for all sorts of infections, blood diseases an...