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I need to provide how poverty is contributing to challenges faced by young people in south africa
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Dear Phindile,
With reference to your question, In general poverty/Low Socio-economic status directly/indirectly have below mentioned impacts on young adults life-
1. Inadequacy of appropriate nutrition will make young adults prone to infectious disease.
2. Lower socio-economic level is accountable for no/very less access of basic health care facilities which impact life expectancy.
3. Studies have also revealed that poverty leads to poor cognitive development of adolescents and young adults.
4. This also responsible for development of antisocial behaviour among young adult.
Regards,
Dr. Yashpal
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Does parenting styles have an effect on whether their children emerge as young adults with psychological dependence or independence
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Yetunde, you said authoritative when you meant authoritarian. Authoritative is the ideal parenting style. These two words are often confused.
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There is better bonding between the mother and baby at home because there is less interference. There are studies showing better weight gain, calmer babies, better adaption of microbiome. I am curious if this extends for 20 years.
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Antonio, have you ever attended a planned attended homebirth?
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I am looking for a standardized scale related to financial literacy / financial behaviour for the young adult population.
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Yes, there are several standardized scale. Please refer the following:
1. Development of a financial
literacy model for university
2. Measuring Financial Literacy:
Questionnaire and Guidance Notes
for Conducting an Internationally Comparable
Survey of Financial Literacy
3. Financial Literacy: Conceptual Framework
and Scale Development
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In an age where the teacher is grappling with the uphill task of competing with a multimedia 'short', what are the ways in which one can truly mesmerize a class of young adults for 50 mins approximately?
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Thankyou Sir. Will definitely look it up.
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Can anyone help me to find some good articles on Knee OA in context to young adult population? between the age of 18 to 30
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Hello sir
What you mean by knee oa (knee osteoarthritis ?)
You can search by writting the key words in pub med, google scholar, science direct and you will find what you search
And thank you direct,
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The section on physical activity will be part of a large survey that intends to collect information on adolescent and young adults health behavior.
We are aware of the limitations of the self-reported method, yet this will be the most suitable method for our study.
Thank you in advance
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Physical activity assessment tools in monitoring physical activity: the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) or accelerometers – choosing the best tools.
  • January 2018
  • Health Problems of Civilization 12(1):57-63
  • DOI:
  • 10.5114/hpc.2018.74189
  • 📷Marian Jan Stelmach The researcher is here on RG
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Students have been asked about their favorite songs and the results show a preference for reggaeton and love songs. Would I conclude young adults are not really involved in social conflicts but merely in a superficial and hedonistic conception of life?
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Music probably has little to do with their view of social justice issues in the world. I would ask them that and then compare with the music they listen to. I like opera, can't even understand the lyrics, but I know they all die in the end. Does that mean anything,
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I hv made open ended question to found out the preference of young adult toward digital platform in education. What best and easy way to analyze?
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You can consider for grading the answers from open ended questionnaire ie average (1) good (2), very good (3) or excellent (4).
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I would like to find any questionnaires to find out the knowledge and attitude and behaviors towards cerebral palsy among young adults. References with the three topics separately are also appreciated. Thank you
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Ragab K. Elnaggar
Thank you so much!
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I am an undergraduate Psychology major looking for individuals within the age range of 18-25 who are diagnosed with ADHD.
I would greatly appreciate responses to this survey from anyone who meets these criteria. I'm also looking for ADHD organizations where this form can be circulated, so please reach out if you know of any. Here is the survey link:
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Update: The survey is now open to any 18-25 year olds with ADHD - not restricted to India.
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I am seeking best practices on providing students in our charter school (ages 17-24) means by which they can be successful in completing their high school credits.
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We do not yet know which came first – the social media use or the perceived social isolation,” says senior author Professor Elizabeth Miller. “It’s possible that young adults who initially felt socially isolated turned to social media. Or it could be that their increased use of social media somehow led to feeling isolated from the real world.”
How do we recognize the symptoms of isolation so that we can judge individuals by isolation and at the same time make sure that the communication sites are the direct cause?
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I think through the (focus groups) method, as this method motivates the respondents to talk and debate.
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The study is a Residential nature-based intervention programme to be conducted for 5 days focussing on strengthening the environmental behaviour of the young adults (18 to 25 age group). The study involves a Pre-Post control group design in which the participants to treatment groups (control and experimental group) will be assigned based on their pre-test scores (of a standard questionnaire). Moreover, matching of the participants to the two groups will be done based on the gender of the participants as well.
The participants shall be assessed at three intervals of time; pre-test prior to the programme and an immediate post-test and a follow-up test after a month of the programme completion.
The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the nature-based intervention programme on the environmental behaviour of young adults.
In this regard, I am unable to find relevant literature to calculate the minimum sample size required for the study. To be precise, the study area falls under the field of "Educational Psychology". On a high note, conducting a pilot study to determine the sample size, with fewer resources and funds also becomes not feasible.
Considering all these, it would highly be appreciable if I get help in deciding the minimum samples required for this residential intervention programme with proper literature cited.
ANY OTHER SUGGESTIONS ARE ALSO WELCOME WITH REGARD TO THE STUDY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY.
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As Daniel P. Moriarity said - G*Power and R are very good options to estimate how many participants you need. It is good not only for dissertation, but also in any kind of research.
In longitudinal study you should also remember to recruit more people in first measurement than you need basing on estimations to have at the end to do proper analysis. For example, I have conducted longitudinal study with short- and medium-term post-tests (day, two weeks, and two months after experiment) few months ago. Our plan was to have ~ 215 participants who will take part in all measurements, so we've recruited ~ 400 people at the beginning of the study. Finally, we had planned number of participants.
Drop-out rate depends on many conditions (e.g. length of intervals, financial gratification, subject of the study, how time-consuming the study is for participants). So, you should consider how many people can leave your study between the first and the last measurement.
Good luck!
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Hi, I'm looking for the normative data of the semantic task "clothes" ("ropa") from the Spanish Verbal Fluency Assessment in a sample of young adults (20-49 years old). If someone has it, please, tell me, it would be extremely helpful for my current research. Thank you so much.
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Dear Emma,
I think the following article might be of help. Although most articles on the topic I came across are focused on animals and fruits, the following one includes clothes as well.
Kind regards
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Hi,
I am looking for a scale to measure psychological health, sort of like the Brief Symptom Inventory or the General Health Questionnaire, both of which are excellent but pretty costly for a student like me. Ideally I would want a tool that is in English, can be used on a young adult population, psychometrically sound AND has multiple domains or subscales (like these both do). I don't want to use different scales to make a composite dependent variable.
Any leads or ideas would be greatly appreciated.
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At least, in Spain and several other European countries, they are accessed free of charge by Google and / or by the attached WEB pages. Thanks
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Hi everyone, I am conducting a cross-sectional survey (online-based) and wants to assess physical activity level among young adults (university students). Initially I wanted to use IPAQ but it seems that W.H.O just released new PA guidelines which removes the word "at least 10 mins" bout criterion for the adult recommendation on aerobic activity. So I am unable to use the IPAQ, same goes for GPAQ. Is there any other questionnaire suitable to be used especially for young adults?
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As for a Quiz, as such, perhaps the best.
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ)
Department of Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion. Population-based Surveillance and Prevention WHO
For more information: www.who.int/chp/steps
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I require this scale in order to conduct research for my post-graduate degree in masters in counseling psychology. Where can I request the author for the original version of the scale?
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Hello Keith
Thank you so much .
Regards,
Akshara
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Good evening everyone, I'm writing the methodology section for my Bachelor Thesis and I'm quite confused about what the underpinning of my Thematic Analysis actually should be. My research's title is: "Exploring young adults' perceptions of the contribution of social media in wellbeing, self-esteem and body image amidst of the pandemic".
The only thing I have come to terms with is that I am going to adopt an inductive TA and now the question is: should I include a critical realist constructivist thematic analysis as well? I base this thought on the fact that in the previous paragraph of my methodology section (the research design paragraph) I mentioned that I chose the qualitative approach for my research thematic due to the fact that previours researches regarding social media and body image/self-esteem, conclude with social media's role in the (social) construction of beauty, body image and self-esteem. Also, I used Thin's (2018) reasoning for qualitative research of wellbeing due to the many ways that it is culturally defined, expressed and generally "socially constructed". So I was thinking maybe I should adopt this underpinning. The problem is, this is the very first time I am conducting such research fully on my own and I have to decide about the theoretical underpinning of my thematic analysis (my supervisor does not provide me any help on this one even though this is the first time we are asked to choose an underpinning for thematic analysis) and unfortunately after many hours of online reading, I still do not fully understand this approach. If anyone could provide me with some insight or further enlighten me in any way, it would be much appreciated! If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask!
Thank you very much! :))
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First, a bit of history. Starting in the middle of the 1980s (Guba & Lincoln, 1985), there was movement to promote qualitative research as relying on an alternative philosophy (constructivism) as compared to quantitative research (positivism). But the initial authors in this debate were always careful to say that it was about philosophical assumptions and not about the use of methods, which they considered to be a technical issue. This debate did a great deal to promote the legitimacy of qualitative research, but it also lead to a lot of confusion.
In particular, this debate somehow somehow got collapsed into being about qualitative and quantitative methods as well. Which leads to problems such as searching for a philosophical justification for a particular method, such as thematic analysis. And many older researchers who were trained back in the days of the "paradigm wars" still insist on such philosophical justifications.
If a power differential (usually advisor and student) is an issue, then the simplest answer is simply to put up with this outdated way of thinking when you really have no choice. In other words, tell the person what they want to hear, which in this case is that thematic analysis can be used within a constructivist paradigm.
Of course, Braun and Clarke actually say that their method does not depend on any particular philosophical basis, but notice how I have reworded this into "thematic analysis can be used within a constructivist paradigm."
Later, when you publish your work, you can delete all the references to philosophy and instead concentrate on explaining to your readers why your research questions are important and why your methods are appropriate for addressing them.
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My study is on the gender difference in character strength of Indian young adults. My second objective is to find the most prevalent character strength in Indian young adults. Which statistical analysis should I use to find it?
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If your measures are continuous and roughly normally distributed, you could use a MANOVA, followed by post hoc tests. Gender would be the independent variable, and the different characters the dependent measures. Knowing what your character strength measures are would allow a more precise answer, since I might be misunderstanding your design.
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I am researching the effect of social media on social physique anxiety of young adults. What statistical test do I use when analysing data from the social physique anxiety scale? (Leary, 2013)
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إرسال نموذج عام واطلب وارسله من خلال اي تطبيق تراه مناسبا واعمل إحصائية من خلال ردود المواطنين
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Hi, I am doing a research on 'Exploration of befriending services in tackling Loneliness and Social Isolation in Young Adults.' My original plan was to interview the participants myself and do a semi structured interview with IPA. However I had trouble finding participants who wants to be interviewed by me. One of the organisation's manager offered to interview the participants for me if |I can provide her research questions and participants have agreed to be interviewed by her. Now my question is I can send her interview questions which are open ended but structured. I have added enough probes where clarification is needed. Can I still do IPA on that data or can I use another method of data analysis?
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By IPA I assume that you mean "Interpretative phenomenological analysis".
below is my own view, but I am aware that others might not agree with me, as there are strong feeling regarding the legitimacy of research that is more structured, or employs procedures that parallel those of quantitative research.
To me, the essence of an IPA approach is that allows participants to respond in a way that utilise their own word view, or "construction of reality", without constraining responses to those reflect some other one, in particular that of the researcher. If the interview was to be conducted by a manager without training in qualitative research, you would need to give very strict instructions that the questions provided by you were very strictly adhered to, so that the managers own assumptions would not influence the direction of the participants' replies. I suggest that the only prompts to be allowed would be for the manager to encourage further elaboration on ideas that were produced by the participant. Also, the session should be recorded, and your analysis should be based on that, rather than notes taken by the manager. If possible, it would be best if the session could be videotaped, so that affective responses can be recorded via facial expression or body language.
Regarding possible alternative research approaches, it is difficult to give specific suggestions, without understanding the exact nature of your research. When you state that it is the "Exploration of befriending services", would your participants have already experienced such services, and the purpose of you research to investigate their evaluations? Or will you be examining their views on what sorts of services would be most effective for themselves? Either way, the would be a choice between a formal content analysis could be applied to responses to a fairly open-ended question. Or a more qualitative "purist" approach could be used that gives more emphasis on surfacing of the participants' cognitive constructs.
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I have been looking for a frequency-based vocabulary test to determine the proficiency of (young) adult learners of Swedish as a foreign language for a while now, but no luck so far. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated!
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Truly speaking this kind of test does not exist in our Country, neither in our Universities. Note that we are in a Portuguese speaking Country. Apart from Portuguese which is the official language, our Country tries to promote other foreign languages such us English, French and Chinese(Mandarin). Thanks
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Background: I am offering a modest monetary incentive for the completion of an online survey and have publicized the survey on social media in order to reach the adolescent and young adult population. I have been inundated with 500+ fake responses (indicated by inconsistent responses, extremely quick response times, or made-up facilities in their open-ended responses). I realize this treads a fine line - I do not want to "cherry pick" the responses that I delete so I would prefer to have a concise way to identify spam responses or (even better) prevent them from occurring.
I have tried adding a CAPTCHA (did not work). I also recently added a password which could only be obtained upon emailing the research team. This also did not work - the fake respondents identified the password and the spam started back up again. I am hesitant to take the survey off of social media since it was the bulk of my participant recruitment plan.
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This is an interesting one; and makes me wonder what possesses people into going to this amount of "effort" to skew research (obviously, the prospective incentive, but jeeze).
Similar to Emmanuel ^^^, i'd have suggested screeners or attentional checks throughout the survey. While I know trying to find the sweet spot in making it as accessible for participants as possible, it does open us up to bots. The multiple IP suggestion seems good, HOWEVER, i've had the experience of some organisations using a similar router that repeats IPs, or if students (for example) share a computer in a library, they will flag. One solution I use was the response time, and working it into the methodology section to outline that bots are becoming (and are) a significant issue and the researchers will review the data to objectively identify suspicious participants.
Combining all of the above, writing a protocol on how you deal with this would mitigate the perception of your cherry-picking of the data, I would think.
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Underlying health conditions that play a role in increasing vulnerability to coronaviruses and risks of higher mortality among young adults and children
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What is the best way to learn young adults how to differentiate between measurements used in scaled drawings?
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Im sorry i have no idea about it..
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I am hoping to locate recent studies (and data sets) on the health effects of vaping cannabis oil in young adults. Can anyone direct me?
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Hi Donna, thank you! Tara
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Much has been discussed about the policy that best contributes to the incorporation into the labor market of young workers. In this discussion, I liked to focus the question on three points of view, higher education, vocational or professional training or the promotion by the governments of entrepreneurship and self-employment of young people. Regarding university education, during the last half century it has been seen as a tool for social mobility. However, many countries with high rates of university graduates have high levels of youth unemployment and important percentages of graduates work below their qualifications, while inequalities in the labor market grow. I thank you in advance for your opinions.
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What is the best method(s) to encourage and motivate young adults to take their academic studies seriously? Many young people (age 18 to 25) don't seem to take their college courses serious. How can instructors/professors motivate them to study hard and be more serious about their college courses?
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  1. Give lots of examples.
  2. Encourage students to share their ideas and comments, even if they are incorrect. You'll never know what students don't understand unless you ask them.
  3. Provide opportunities for students to speak to the class
  4. Return assignments and tests to students as soon as reasonably possible. Provide constructive feedback.
  5. Make sure that your exams are current, valid, and reliable. Tie your assessment to your course objectives.
  6. Plan around 15-20 minute cycles. Students have difficulty maintaining attention after a longer period of time.
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I will be following up a cohort of participants who were last interviewed 10 years ago. At the time we used validated measure for all sorts of health, educational and social outcomes suitable for adolescents e.g. Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. These adolescents are now young adults. Should I be using the same measures I used in previous rounds of data collection to allow for comparability and application of methods such as growth curve modeling, or should I be using validated adult measures?
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Just to clarify. The study has not started. This is an independent follow- up 10 years after the particpiants were originally interviewed for which funding has become available. I agree that protocols are important but the protocol for that original study ended with the original study.
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I m thinking to write a paper on the perceptions of citizens in developing on types on human trafficking (with special focus on forced labor and forced marriage)?
How do young adults view it? Is it a stigma, what makes it turn into stigma?
What do you think? Looking forward to hear opinions...
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Nice topic. But it will be wise not make any predetermined opinion like its stigma. It will be better to start from the neutral point of view because adult trafficking and child trafficking is different. Adults more know whats going on. So, even if they say its not their own wish sometimes they intended to go but things gone wrong in the way. So, it will be better if the hidden psychological issues came out through this research.
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We are living in the world of fast-paced changes, and thanks to ICT. It is really easing learning, especially among the the young adults. That notwithstanding, adult learning seem not to really receiving attention the support in it deserves in the global arena. If it does, we wouldn't be experiencing unwarranted conflicts, political vigilantism, massive poverty and mass extensive unemployment today.
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Hello, yes the global report about adult learning and education is attached.
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The topics involved are social media and food involving young adults. Majorly to bring the facts in the front that an ordinary user doesn't think of but still got impact in food decision making. It's going to be an online survey questionnaire.
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Thank you for supporting my finding as well :) !
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Hi all,
I hope this finds you well. I am a graduate student studying occupational therapy at Utica College. My colleague and I are researching current practice in occupational therapy for promoting self-determination with young adults with intellectual impairments, up to age 21. We hope to discuss the topic, explain what is currently done, and give ideas for ways to incorporate it in practice.
-what is current practice for promoting self-determination in young adults with intellectual impairments? (This includes skills such as decision making, goal setting, and problem solving.)
-what could be improved upon in this practice area?   
Any and all insight on the topic you wish to provide is helpful! Feel free to email us! lnsicker@utica.edu and mlkazour@utica.edu
Thank you and we hope to hear from you! Take care,
Lindsey and Mona
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Frielink, N., Schuengel, C., & Embregts, P. J. (2018). Autonomy support, need satisfaction, and motivation for support among adults with intellectual disability: Testing a self-determination theory model. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 123, 33-49.
It is a Dutch study, maybe ity will be of any help.
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i need your experience as many middle aged patients the leading complain is knee osteoarthritis and no specific meniscal symptoms , actually i proceed in OAK management conservative or surgical, on the contrary some young adult came with knee pain and MRI shows Grade I degeneration also i start with conservative measures till the specific meniscal symptoms appear or the patient become free of complain.
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The management is physiotherapy. A physiotherapist experienced working with these type of patients can make a very positive difference and help improve their quality of life. One important point/exercise is teaching the patient to avoid twisting, for example when turning to the right with the trunk the right foot should be in line with the shoulder. This will decrease the combination compression/rotation about the meniscal layers. Also, the type of tear; location, extent and stability has to be taken into consideration. A thorough examination of the hip, knee and ankle as well as footwear can help with development of an individualized program that could be very effective. Prior research has shown that P.T. can be effective with pt's with small tears.
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false consensus effect and age
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You could start with:
Prinstein, M. J. & Wang, S. S. (2005): False consensus and adolescent peer contagion: Examining discrepancies between perceptions and actual reported levels of friend’s deviant and health risk behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 33, 293-306.
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Sickle cell disease is a lifelong, genetic condition characterised by acute and chronic painful exacerbations. There is increasing evidence about experiences of patients transitioning from paediatric to adolescent care. But little is known of the life experiences of young adults (18-35 Yrs) with sickle cell disease.
Our research consortium of 2 UK universities and 2 Nigerian Universities (De Montfort univ, Leeds univ, Lagos State univ, + univ of Ibadan) is interested in understanding the experiences of young adults with sickle cell disease.
We will like to hear from researchers, working with young adults with sickle cell.
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Adil has nailed the underlying issue. As a clinician, I feel "it's a crime to be between 16 - 18 years of age if you have a chronic health problem"
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what are the reaons and what are your opinion about that
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Through both recession and recovery, the share of young adults living in their parents’ home continues to rise. Today’s young adults are also more likely to be at home for an extended stay compared with previous generations of young adults who resided with their parents, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of U.S. census data.
As of 2016, 15% of 25- to 35-year-old Millennials were living in their parents’ home. This is 5 percentage points higher than the share of Generation Xers who lived in their parents’ home in 2000 when they were the same age (10%), and nearly double the share of the Silent Generation who lived at home in 1964 (8%).
It doesn’t appear that a lack of jobs is keeping Millennials at home. As of the first quarter of 2016 (when the living arrangements data were collected), only 5.1% of older young adults were unemployed, down from 10.1% in the first quarter of 2010. Yet the share of 25- to 35-year-olds living at home rose during that span, increasing from 12% in 2010 to 15% in 2016.
The living arrangements data are based on the Census Bureau’s Annual Social and Economic Supplement, collected in March. These data also serve as the basis for the nation’s long-running statistics on geographic mobility. Using the mobility information provides some insight into the extent to which the nation’s young adults are moving in and out of certain living arrangements. (The supplement does not accurately capture moves to and from college dormitories and may not accurately estimate the mobility of a population likely to live in a dorm. That is why 18- to 24-year-olds are not included in this analysis.)
Millennials – whether living with their parents or not – are moving significantly less often than earlier generations of young adults. Among 25- to 35-year-old Millennials who were living at home in 2016, 91% reported that they resided at the same address one year earlier. This does not preclude the possibility that the young adult moved out and “boomeranged” back in the intervening year (perhaps multiple times); the data simply indicate that they lived with their parent or parents one year earlier as well.
Best Regards Catia Cillóniz
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WHO cutoff of less than 13.0 g/dL to define anemia.
A young adult (20-30 years old) with hemoglobin level around 12-13 g/dL. Normocytic, boderline hypochromic, but RBC count within normal limits. All other examination (WBC, PLT, Ferritin, Albumin, Total protein, bilirubin, HbEP, No blast among peripheral blood).
Note:
1. Hemoglobin level around 12-13 g/dL has been noticed for more than 7 years!
2. Reticulocyte = 1.3%
Question:
1. Could it be a normal variant that showed hemoglobin below lower normal limits?
2. If yes, how about the incidence of hemoglobin level below lower normal limits?
3. If not, what other differential diagnosis?
4. The reticulocyte 1.3% is normal in non-anemic patient, but abnormal in anemic patient. How to make the interpretation?
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Hi Yi-Jhih
Your question is an important one. Basically you need to enrol clinically well and fit men and women of varying age (18-60) who are not on any long term medication for some chronic illness. Age range is quite important other wise you may get a biased results. You could divide the population into age groups (18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and so on) and have equal numbers of volunteers in each group. It is also important that you get comparable numbers of male and females. If the study is big enough (>1000), you may get some valuable information about your population (eg normal values for a male vs female for a particular age group)
I personally think each and every country/population should establish their own 'normal' values rather than using somebody else's.
Good luck.
Best wishes
Siva
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I am starting to work in the area of psychological counseling of children and young adults with CHD. I would be very grateful to get information on seminal psychological work in this area.
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I am the parent of a child with CHD if you would like to ask questions. I found out when she was 2 weeks old, She had open heart surgery at 5 months and again at 13. She is now 16.
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During my interaction with the young researcher (age less than 30), I found many of them are stressed and are not happy with their work/outcome of the work.
Many of them are not able to state the proper objective of doing research, although they have immense potential.
I want to hear from the senior Professors actively dealing with young researcher.
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Making a living by research has become a hard job, due to the economization (assembly line) of science. Many topics can be methodically perfected, but are 'spirit or soul killers' and can cause unhappiness (sensing emptiness). Disconnection from a 'higher meaning' of your work causes stress and pain, even if you get paid well for it.
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Fracture dislocation of shoulder is challenging case for novice and veterans alike. Inviting tips, tricks and valuable opinions for one such case with no associated injuries.
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Thanks all for educative inputs...
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I'm exploring innovative ways of conducting research with teens and younger children. We are looking to measure positive youth development, and normal surveys are not very engaging for this demographic, so I'm curious if anyone has explored any creative ways - e.g., gamification, turning survey into a fun quiz, using apps, etc. Looking for quantitative suggestions at this stage.
Thank you!
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I agree with photo vice techniques, however they are more efficient in qualitative than in quantitative, you can use them as early technique of involving teen in your study and then when you're connected with them you can distribute a survey for them to fill in.
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The majority of the texts have young adults manipulated by adults or exploited by them. most of them have female protagonists . The major observation is that young adults are colonized by adults whether male or female that the child is marginalized in all spheres.
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I agree with Nazir Ali that an exclusive theory "to explore this specific issue is yet to arrive". It is, however, possible to use the Marxist theory to examine such texts. This theory states that whoever controls economic and other resources also controls power (over others). I believe colonization of young adults in literary texts is possible because the adult "colonisers" control economic power.
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Dear all
Im preparing my master thesis in human nutrition and I was a sub-investigator in a RCT. We tested the effects of a fiber drink on gastrointestinal health.
My focus is on the endproducts from intestinal fermentation such as SCFA's and expiratory gasses.
We did not measure compliance in the intervention, and my question is if anyone knows anything about the general compliance of young adults (majority were students, average age 22 y) in clinical trials and (how) does is effect the generalizability of the study.
Kind regards,
Selma
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Research with human test subjects, unable to comply 100%, therefore compliance becomes a control that should be taken into account after the entire series of research stages has been completed. There must be a subject's obedience rejection limit to get into the analysis phase. But this matches the targets you set earlier in your proposal. How to improve adherence to clinical trials include the subject of signing an agreement to participate in all stages of your research. This Agreement is not only an adamination requirement but a test subject commitment that we must measure before the research runs. There is a way to improve compliance with the commitment of preparing independent reports, but this will be a nuisance variable if it is not applied carefully.
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What are the tools available to measure decision making in the armed forces aspirants( preferably young adults)
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Thank you. I am looking for Youth Decision- Making Questionnaire (YDMQ; Ford, Wentzel, Wood, Stevens, & Siesfeld, 1990 )
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I am using YAMC as a benign cell line for overexpression of a oncogene, it is producing a lot of mucous and because of that, it has stopped proliferating. The mucous is making it difficult to culture. I have made a scrambled control variant of the cell line but it is also behaving in the same manner so i can say that it is not because of the oncogene.
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I would suggest checking the media in which you kept the cells, as well as the incubator. they might be contaminated. once you can exclude these two variables then the reason for the observed behavior could be the cells.
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i'm doing a research on the role of family background and emotional intelligence as a predictor of anger/negative affect in young adults.
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Here is a model that integrates both direct and indirect factors on internalizing symptoms and affect among young children.
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Bonded amalgam Vs. Non- Bonded amalgam Vs. Composite.
In terms of flexion, leakage prevention and cuspal fractures
Thank you
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Porcelain crown is the best choice.
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I am wondering whether it is possible for healthy young adults to exhibit negative cortisol awakening response (CAR) (cortisol level 30min after awakening lower than cortisol level at awakening) or if on the contrary negative CARs are for sure due to non-compliance. In this latter case should negative CARs be discarded from further analyses?
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Dear Béatrice,Thank you for your suggestion. Best regards Patrick
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I've met some adults who were unexpectedly diagnosed as Congenital solitary kidney in ultrasound examination, almost all of them were asymptomatic, one of them (male, 27 years old) measured the function of single kidney with GFR=80%, as there were less related articles and information of this disease, i want to ask if there were any standard guidelines of suggestions for those adults in their daily life to prevent a possibility of late stage renal failure?
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Hello,
Do can you recommend any research about the integrative approach of acting out (among adolescents of young adults) which crosses data from :
- Attachment theory
- Mechanism defenses
- aggressive or violent acting out
- emotional regulation
Thanks,
O. Moyano
PhD
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Thank You Pat !
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I am doing literary analysis of Young Adult fiction addressing cultural issues. I have planned to address the themes but I think addressing the characters might be more effective. I wonder if someone has a better plan.
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To address the cultural issues, analyzing the impacts of the variables of Time (era), Size (depth of issue), & space (social environment & religion) could be beneficial.  
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I am seeking information in regards to a new research project I am undertaking. It is an International and National (NZ) review of the available literature on ‘alternative interventions for youth traffic offenders’. Youth in our project covers those between the ages of 14-19 years of age. I am seeking information on interventions that have been proven to have a more positive impact on both reoffending and road safety than the traditional sanctions of custodial sentences, fines and licence demerit points. I will be reviewing information that covers three key areas:
·         Graduated Driver Licence System (GDLS) breaches and Unlicensed Driving
·         Drink/drug driving
·         Other offending (Speed, careless/reckless driving and restraints)
If you are able to furnish me with any information regarding the above or point me to any resources where such information may be available or put me in contact with anyone you believe would be of help in such matters I would be extremely grateful. Kind Regards,
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Dear Gerald and Jose
You are not really surprised, are you? This phenomenon is illustrated by the following example (cited from http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/moral-hazard):
"You have not insured your house from any future damages. It implies that a loss will be completely borne by you at the time of a mishappening [sic] like fire or burglary. Hence you will show extra care and attentiveness. You will install high tech burglar alarms and hire watchmen to avoid any unforeseen event.
But if your house is insured for its full value, then if anything happens you do not really lose anything. Therefore, you have less incentive to protect against any mishappening. In this case, the insurance firm bears the losses and the problem of moral hazard arises."
Moral hazard, as the reaction to insurance is called, has been mentioned many times in recent years in discussions in the United States about problems that might arise (extra burden on the provision of medical assistance) as a result of state-funded medical insurance. A Swedish study found evidence that calling in sick from the job became less frequent when workers' compensation for sick leave were reduced (   ). Moral hazard has also been noticed by several other analysts,  like Boyer, M. and Dionne, G. (1987). The economics of road safety. Transportation Research-B, 21B, 413-431; Worrall, J.D. (198).
Others reported that increases in workers’ compensation payments for injuries may increase the rate of workplace accidents. (Worrall, J.D. (1983). Safety and the workforce: Incentives and disincentives in workers’ compensation. ILR Press, New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University).
Phrased in simple terms: to offer people protection against the consequences of risky behaviour encourages risky behaviour; to offer people better protection against the consequences of risky behaviour encourages riskier behaviour still.
Automobile and other insurance sells peace of mind, which is nice, but it is also a problem for that very reason. This is, as mentioned earlier, why automobile insurance at one time was forbidden by law in some countries.
This is not to say that we should not have automobile insurance, but obviously the consequences should be seriously considered and insurance practices should take them into account.
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1.   Modern life is said to have become more stressful, including for adolescents and youths. Some of the stressors studied included exam & school pressure, relationship issues in the family, and boy-girl relationship, among others. Some of these stressors were even reported in literature to have caused adolescents and early youths to commit suicide, and suicide rate in this age group has been reported to be on the rise.
2.   Some literature suggested that our adolescents and youths nowadays have poor coping skills and problem-solving skills in dealing with increasing life challenges. Some literature suggested that our adolescents and youths nowadays are more emotionally vulnerable to external stressors.
3.   Will bringing up our children today who are adolescents and youths of tomorrow, by emphasising more religious upbringings and appropriate religious tenets help them in better dealing with their future increasing life challenges when they grow up?
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The topic is obviously complicated. May I respectfully refer you to the book   Psychological Perspectives on Religion and Religiosity (2015), which offers a detailed review of research on religiosity and coping.
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Can anyone point me to a retrospective self-report measure of pubertal onset for young adults?
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You can also refer to Pearson Educational Assessment site 
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Hello everyone, Does anyone know how to measure the use of screen time by young adults? I'm trying to quantify this (TV, cellphones, Facebook, Twitter, etc.) for finding any relationship with food choices, eating patterns, fitness activities, and overall overweight/obesity, etc. Is there a scale of tool that I can use? Thank you in advance.
Sadguna
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With the exception of the developing world, just about every young adult carries a cell phone. Every cell phone has a stopwatch. You could ask participants to use their stopwatch to monitor screen time and then have them text the length the stopwatch ran at the end of each day.
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My research is on Reciprocity in friendship and its effects on academic performance in adolescents and young adults
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Hi Rabia,
Try to apply the relational model theory by Fiske 1991, 1992.  Fiske assumes 4 relational model which are reciprocal. 'Equality Matching' would be the model of friendships relationships you are looking for. 
Sincerely,
Eugene
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I am looking specifically for implementation protocols and/or research around its use for substance use or procrastination (and in young adults would be ideal). 
Thanks in advance! 
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Also 2 articles from American Journal of Public Health
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cost of living
Cost of education 
Cost of entertainment.
* These are the 3 factors i found. How does GST effect this 3 factors
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Depends on jurisdiction - in Canada, GST/HST is not applied to things like rent, and "basic food" as defined by CRA, and not on tuition. "Entertainment" is only taxed if it costs money in a retail environment, which may not be the case among college-aged kids in their various leisure pursuits.
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I've found some contradictory information about acceptable International age classification. Can you share with me the information about the new age limits of youth and adult.
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I use this classification from Goossens, L. (2006): 
10-15 early adolescence;15-18 Middle adolescence; 18 - 22 older adolescence 
I hope I've helped
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I am currently analysing the findings of research I undertook with a uniformed youth organisation. To all intent and purpose they bare the hall marks of a CoP but I feel that there is more. After all these communities are brought together often to solve a problem, my initial thoughts are that as a lens this concept is insufficient to explain the individual motivations of group members. 
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There may indeed be ground for examining with a little more intent what value communities of practice can bring to members, not just the organizations that host them. A Guide to Communities of Practice, a short presentation available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274899367_A_Guide_to_Communities_of_Practice, identifies the short-term value to members as (i) help with challenges, (ii) access to expertise; (iii) confidence; (iv) fun with colleagues; and (v) meaningful work. The long-term value to members may lie in (i) personal development; (ii) reputation; (iii) professional identity; (iv) collaborative advantage; and (v) marketability. These attributes are certainly even more valuable in the context of youth organizations, as explained above.
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I'm looking to make a correlation between negative social stigma in Saudi Arabia and suicide in young adult males, particularly those who find difficulties in finding a job, lack the money for a dowry/wife and how it creates negative associations on the family.  
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I am currently working on such research studying the suicidal incidences as per cases presenting to Forensic & toxicology departments in eastern region of Saudi Arabia, & yes strong correlation existed between religion and low incidence of suicide among Saudi nationals, but you can not ignore covering up by family members for real suicide cases that in my opinion I consider them under estimated due to poor or non  reporting  of cases. As you know the rates of suicide vary greatly between countries, with the greatest burdens in developing countries. Trends of suicide fluctuate widely based on time, region, age group, sex, and race. In spite of diverse trends of increases or decreases in suicide rates around the world, suicide is still considered as an important public-health problem. 
Best of luck
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I am testing the use of the Hope Scale (Snyder) with young adult, known to be violent offenders (ages 18-30) who are on probation and parole. My principal components analysis offers a 5 factor structure rather then the 2 offered by the original Hope Scale. When I force it to only have 2 loads it gives a nice pretty picture, and doing so is supported by the scree. The eignevalues and the rotated component matrix (which I believe is the most valuable) support 5 components. I can't decide whether to go with 2 or 5. When you look at the component plot in rotated space graph, 2 sure looks neater. If I go with 2 I don't know how to justify it though. There are 4 tests to determine factor loading, and we are 2 and 2 with what to do.
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It depends what you call a factor analysis. In her initial question, Sandy mentionned principal component analysis (PCA) which does not rely on normality assumption (at all !).
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I have seen some questionnaires about social class but it always factors in household income, marital status, and other things that are not fit to ask young adults (college students). Does anyone know of a good questionnaire for determining social class among young adults? Also, if it helps, I'm conducting the study in a 3rd-world country, the Philippines.
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Hello Benjamin,
I am dealing with the same problem right now. One idea that I had was to ask them about the social class of their parents (e.g. parents household income). However I came up with a different solution by deciding to measure their subjective social class because for my research question the self perception of their social class is more interesting. In addition I expect a higher variance in measures of subjective social class within students. Maybe thats a possible solution for you too. If you want to have a look at measures for subjective social class maybe have a look at a paper by Adler et al. (2000), link see below. They developed a simple yet very effective measure of subjective social class. They gave the participants a drawing of a  ladder with 10 rungs and the particpants should think about the ladder as representing their society and place themself on the rung that best represents their standing on this ladder.
This measure seems to work very well and has been used in many studies.
I suggested this solution in another discussion, where you might find other helpful comments:
Furthermore you might consider to visit this website, that I found very helpful. They discuss their measure of subjective social class and its relationship to objective measures:
I hope this helps!
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Is gender difference linked to employment barriers for youth? If yes, what type of barriers in Pakistan?
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In my opinion, the public sphere is as engendered as the private spaces of home and family. For instance, the discourse around certain professions is extremely gendered.  Youngsters are trained in such a manner throughout their academic journeys that they believe in the legitimacy of gender as a key factor when they make professional choices. I am cautious that the constructs of gender, profession and discourse are not monolithic and assume different meanings in different socio-cultural context. 
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I am working on my literature review with an emphasis on Haitian young adults. There appears to be limited literature on this age group. If anyone has any suggestions of databases that would assist me other than the usual PsychINFO, or PsycArticles  would be very appreciative. Thank you.
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Again, thank you. I actually found several articles from Google Scholar.
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We are planning survey research with an emerging adult population, and would like to find a measure of psychological conformity with solid psychometric properties.  Thank you for any suggestions you may have. 
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They can be about gender roles and their framing in Young Adult Novels, comparative studies on local vs foreign Young Adult Fiction/Novels, or reflection of the society or young adult social group in Young Adult Novels.
*By local I meant local to any country/society. 
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Dear Alexandra Fernando,
I hope the following references may be of help.
Kind regards,
Paul Chaney
Kokesh, Jessica; Sternadori, Miglena (2015) The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: A Qualitative Study of How Young Adult Fiction Affects Identity Construction, Atlantic Journal of Communication, Volume 23, Number 3, 27 May 2015, pp. 139-158. Publisher: Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
Sara K Day, ‎Miranda A Green-Barteet, ‎Amy L Montz  (2014) Female Rebellion in Young Adult Dystopian Fiction, Ashgate Publishers http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9781472431493
Glaus, Marci  (2014) Text Complexity and Young Adult Literature, Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, Volume 57, Number 5, 1 February 2014, pp. 407-416. Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Bean, Thomas; Harper, Helen (2007) Reading Men Differently: Alternative Portrayals of Masculinity in Contemporary Young Adult Fiction, Reading Psychology, Volume 28, Number 1, January 2007, pp. 11-30. Publisher: Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
Belbin, David (2011) What is Young Adult Fiction? English in Education, Volume 45, Number 2, Summer 2011, pp. 132-145. Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell.
Susanne, Greenhalgh (2012) Secret Stratford: Shakespeare's Hometown in Recent Young Adult Fiction, Critical Survey, Volume 24, Number 2, Summer 2012, pp. 22-38. Publisher: Berghahn Journals.
M Rothbauer, Paulette; McKechnie, Lynne E.F. (2000) The treatment of gay and lesbian fiction for young adults in selected prominent reviewing media, Collection Building, Volume 19, Number 1, 2000, pp. 5-16. Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Clark, R.; Kulkin, H. (1996) Toward a Multicultural Feminist Perspective on Fiction for Young Adults, Youth and Society, Volume 27, Number 3, 1 January 1996, pp. 291-312. Publisher: Sage Publications
HS Crew 2000 Is it really Mommie dearest?: Daughter-mother narratives in young adult fiction, Scarecrow Press
Marsha M. Sprague,Kara K. Keeling (1998) Discovering Their Voices: Engaging Adolescent Girls with Young Adult Literature, Publisher Twayne Publishers, 1998, University of Michigan Press, ISBN 0805782206, 9780805782202
Charles William Sullivan – 1999 Young Adult Science Fiction, Greenwood Press.
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I am looking at SES among young people and adults with Type 1 Diabetes 
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Hello Jacqueline!
I agree with Mary-Helen regarding defining Young adults as people between 18-25 years old as many researchers are defining this age group nowadays in USA and in some European countries. Be aware that in some countries, young adults are like teenagers - developing their identity and testing many fields, so many do not have stable works as adults over 30 years old. Even in the injury field you can find that Young adults have higher injury rates in comparisson to teenagers and adults over 30 years old because they are like teenagers with legal rights to drive and drink.
About SES: search for level of education, type of employment, level of income and type of housing. As well as parents' level of income and occupation. If it is possible: disponible income and/or capacity to save 100 euros every month.
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The WHO's adverse childhood questionnaire international questionnaire could be an option, but it is still in under development. Besides, this questionnaire is long. I am looking for a validated and short scale to measure adverse childhood experience (ACE) of young adults. I am interested to investigate mediating role of mindfulness and physical activity between ACE and adult well-being. Thanks!
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It's become pretty standard to use a modified version of the original Felitti items.. this is what is administered in the CDC's BRFSS. Links to those items are here:
In general, its very difficult to ask these items, they are very biased items. But at least if you use the BRFSS items you can compare your sample to this national sample.
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It is because I need academic texts on this topic for my research project.
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Gustavo,
There is an excellent book on Aesthetic Experience in Science Education by Per-Olof Wickman (2006), published by Taylor and Francis, but not sure if your interests are specific to science.
Norm
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Adolescence education
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I agree and support the points outlined by the two colleagues arguing that differences emerge much earlier than puberty, showing in this latter age a more definitive outline. Regarding the question on no gneder difference language the mother language is essential because even in Italina, my language it's impossible do not mention gender differences by talking. Anyway I don't know any reserch finding on this topic and we could likely only infer that not mentioning geneder differences up to five year old could have an impact on socioemotional development of that child.
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Assessment of life skills in young Deaf adults. 
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At first observing. Of course we must to prepare observing list.
Of course, specialist can to prepare chek list, but it will be self evaluation for skills (not identity of specialists). When persons answer for himself, it means self evaluation
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What are the determinants for contraceptive use among unmarried youth in the higher institution?
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level of knowledge about family planning methods and fear of effects of an unplanned pregnancy play a major role among university students
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Harvard University conducted a study of 600 women under the age of 40, finding at least half of early-onset breast cancer resulted in early mortalities. In terms of early diagnostic service for young women under age 40, I addressed this in my dissertation research related to the pros and cons of the recommendations of the United States Preventative Service Task Force. The attached article examines research conducted by Harvard University in young women under age 40. The critical issue relates to a standard needs to be established for young women related to breast cancer.
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Faustino, thank you for those interesting comments, I am aware breast cancer is a heterogenous disease, however since the USPSTF made a clinical recommendation related to early diagnostic services being performed at age 50. The critical question relates to age 50 being considered early?  The prevalence of breast cancer in women prior to age 50 is the concern.
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I am looking for a questionnaire to measure family psychiatric history among young adult informants. I have come across a number of procedures for acquiring this information via structured interviews, but nothing questionnaire-based. Any recommendations? I am primarily interested in family history of psychosis and mood disorders.
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What do you mean by 'measuring" family  psychiatric history? Do you mean having it on record? Would something simple like:
Family Psychiatric History:
Any thought or mood disturbances, mood altering substance abuse, neurological  deficits, learning problems noted or  diagnosed?  Include grandparents, parents, siblings, cousins.
Please list relationship, followed by diagnosis/problem.
....   ....    ....
(You could create a check-off list of problems but this may be less likely to be answered)
You may also wish to inquire about exposure to mental illness + substance abuse in the environment of care, since a patient may have been raised outside of their family, or in multiple environments.
Good luck finding what you require.
PS You may alsowish to consier possible drug/medication exposure dure pregnancy.
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I'm looking for the relations between Massive alcohol consumption or Binge Drinking and bone mineral density in young adults or students.
Thank you.
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I can suggest to you other articles
Best wishes
González-Reimers E, Alvisa-Negrín J, Santolaria-Fernández F, Ros-Vilamajó R, Martín-González MC, Hernández-Betancor I, García-Valdecasas-Campelo E, González-Díaz A.
Prognosis of osteopenia in chronic alcoholics. Alcohol 2011;45: 227-238
Shimizu Y, Sakai A, Menuki K, Mori T, Isse T, Oyama T,Kawamoto T, Nakamura T. Reduced bone formation inalcohol-induced osteopenia is associated with elevated p21 expression in bone marrow cells in aldehyde dehydrogenase2-disrupted mice. Bone 2011; 48: 1075-1086
Lobo E, Dufouil C, Marcos G, Quetglas B, Saz P, Guallar E,Lobo A, ZARADEMP Workgroup. Is there an association between low-to-moderate alcohol consumption and risk of cognitive decline? Am J Epidemiol 2010; 172: 708-716
Herrera A, Lobo-Escolar A, Mateo J, Gil J, Ibarz E, Gracia L.Male osteoporosis: A review. World J Orthop. 2012 Dec 18;3(12):223-34
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Allegory for adolescence?
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Hi Douglas,
I really appreciate this information.  Thanks so much.
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Hi friend I would like to ask your help regarding a research protocol or surveillance assessment regarding the to