Workplace - Science topic

Eftychia Aslanidou Thank you! The book didn't come up when I clicked, but the other two did. I think that last one might be the most helpful, but I need to get the full text to be sure. I suspect (since I've read a newer comprehensive meta-analysis) it won't have the answers but it's worth checking out!

To me, its like biological warfare. In order to conquer/weaken a nation by keeping them sick by erradicating the medical care including doctors and nurses etc. A fertile area of research.

Once upon a time, review articles summarised contributions to a particular theory in order to identify gaps in that theory that need to be filled. Unfortunately, these times are over, and reviews have become semi-automated annotated bibliographies. Without knowing your field I can only speculate but my speculation is this:

- Social identity theory and stigma theory are highly abstract, parsimonious and closed theories that explain processes in the field only in very general terms. They function as interpretive schemes rather than explanatory tools. What they are unlikely to do is explain why employees adhering to a particular religion in a specific way face specific difficulties in particular circumstances. For this, you would need a middle-range theory that links specific sets of conditions to particular social mechanisms and their specific outcomes.

- Because the two theories serve as interpretive schemes rather than explanatory tools, it is very difficult to contribute to them with empirical research. The literatureyou reviewed uses them without changing them (i.e. without contributing to them).

- Because the literature you reviewed does not contribute to these theories, your review cannot contribute to them either.

- What would be necessary (and could be your contribution) is pointing out the things that cannot be explained by the two theories and outlining what a more specific (less abstract) theory could contribute to advancing the field. For example, a more specific theory would need to include typologies of workplaces, workplace struggles, religious employees, conflict resolution processes, and outcomes.

I apologise again because this is all ill-informed speculation. I mainly outlined a pattern that I have seen in fields I know more about.

The article appended below will be able to provide you with an answer.

Continuous Integration for Verification of Simulink Models

By David Boissy, Paul Urban, Krishna Balasubramanian, Pablo Romero Cumbreras, Colin Branch, and Jemima Pulipati, MathWorks

This is the first article in a two-part series. Part 1 looks at leveraging GitLab® for version control and Jenkins® for continuous integration (CI). Part 2, Continuous Integration for Verification of Simulink Models Using GitLab, looks at using GitLab for both version control and CI.

Continuous integration (CI) is gaining in popularity and becoming an integral part of Model-Based Design. But what is CI? What are its benefits, and what problems does it attempt to solve? How does Simulink® fit into the CI ecosystem? And how can you best leverage CI for your projects?

If you are familiar with Model-Based Design but new to CI, you may be asking yourself these questions. In this technical article, we explore a common CI workflow and apply it to Model-Based Design. Then, we walk through an example of that workflow using Jenkins, GitLab, and Simulink Test™.

The project used in this example is available for download.

What Is CI?

CI is an agile methodology best practice in which developers regularly submit and merge their source code changes into a central repository. These “change sets” are then automatically built, qualified, and released. Figure 1 illustrates this basic CI workflow together with the development workflow.

CI workflow diagram. Developers and test authors develop, test, merge, review and submit changes to version control that are built, tested, packaged, and deployed through a CI pipeline. When complete, build output, artifacts and reports are available

Figure 1. CI workflow.

In the development part of the workflow, models and tests are developed, verified, merged, reviewed, and submitted to a version control system on the developer desktop. The version control system then triggers the automated CI portion of the workflow. The key parts of the CI workflow are:

Build: Source code and models become object files and executables.

Test: Testing is performed as a quality gate.

Package: Executables, documentation, artifacts, and other deliverables are bundled for delivery to end users.

Deploy: Packages are deployed to the production environment.

Together, these four steps are known as the CI “pipeline.” The pipeline is typically automated, and it can take anywhere from minutes to days to complete, depending on the system. It is worth noting that throughout these steps, numerous artifacts are created, such as bills of materials, test results, and reports.

CI workflows are often paired with developer workflows related to version control systems. In these workflows, developers often keep their changes in local repositories and use a local CI pipeline to qualify their changes prior to deployment.

What Are the Benefits of CI?

Teams that have implemented CI typically report the following benefits:

Repeatability. The CI pipeline provides a consistent and repeatable automated process for building, testing, packaging, and deployment. Repeatable automation allows developers to focus on necessary work and save time on a project. It is also an important aspect of risk reduction and is often a requirement for certification.

Quality assurance. Manual testing is effective, but it is often based on days-old snapshots and lacks repeatability. With CI, changes are always tested against the most recent code base.

Reduced development time. Repeatable processes with built-in quality assurance led to faster delivery of high-quality products. Automated deployment means that your code is always production ready.

Improved collaboration. With CI, developers have a defined process for managing change sets and merging their code into the production line. Consistent processes make managing large teams possible and reduce the cost of ramping up new developers.

Audit-ready code. The CI workflow provides an extensive audit trail. For every change making its way through the CI pipeline, it’s possible to identify who made the change, who reviewed it, and the nature of the change, as well as dependencies, tests and their results, and any number of related reports and artifacts generated along the way.

How Does Model-Based Design Fit into CI?

By design, the CI workflow and tools are language- and domain-neutral. This means that the challenge is to teach CI tools, systems, and processes to speak Model-Based Design—in other words, to make Simulink® and related tools the lingua franca of the CI workflow.

This can be done by integrating three key components of Model-Based Design into the CI workflow: verification, code generation, and testing (Figure 2). Model-Based Design emphasizes early verification, which maps to the CI pipeline with a Verify phase before the Build phase. Code generation takes place in the Build phase. Dynamic testing through simulation and static analysis of generated code can be done in the Test phase.

An illustration of a Model-Based Design C I workflow in which a change to the model triggers the C I pipeline to verify the change, build, test, package, and deploy the artifacts.

Figure 2. Model-Based Design mapped to CI pipeline.

Here is an overview of how we teach the CI workflow to speak Model-Based Design:

Develop. MATLAB®, Simulink, coders, and toolboxes are used for development activities. MATLAB Projects are used to organize work, collaborate, and interface with version control systems.

Test. Simulink Check™ is used to perform model quality checks before simulation and code generation. Simulink Test is used to develop, manage, and execute simulation-based tests. Simulink Coverage™ is used to measure coverage and assess test effectiveness. The quality checks, test results, and coverage metrics can then be used as a quality gate for developers to qualify their work.

Merge. The Compare Files and Folders feature of MATLAB is used to compare and merge MATLAB files. The Model Comparison Tool is used to compare and merge Simulink models.

Review. Review is the final step in the quality process before changes are submitted to the version control system. Changes to MATLAB scripts and Simulink models are reviewed here. Test results from prequalification are also reviewed as a final quality gate prior to submission.

Submit. MATLAB projects provide an interface to version control systems.

Verify. Simulink Check, the same tool used for local verification, is used for automated verification within the CI system.

Build. MATLAB Coder™, Simulink Coder™, and Embedder Coder® are used to generate code for software-in-the-loop (SIL) testing.

Test. Simulink Test, the same tool used for local testing, is used for automated testing within the CI system.

Package and deploy. Packaging is where executables, documentation, artifacts, and other deliverables are bundled up for delivery to end users. Deployment is the release of the packaged software. In workflows for Model-Based Design, these phases vary widely among organizations and groups, and often involve bundling different builds and certification artifacts into a product ready for delivery to other teams.

Modern development tools and practices enable developers to create more robust systems and test functionality early and often. When a CI system is integrated into the workflow, unit-level testing and system-level testing are automated. This means that the developer can focus on developing new features, not on verifying that features have been integrated correctly.

The following case study describes a workflow that incorporates CI and Model-Based Design.

Case Study: A Simulink Model Verified, Built, and Tested Within a CI System

In this example we use Model-Based Design with CI to perform requirements-based testing on an automotive lane-following system (Figure 3).

Left, a screenshot showing a Lane-Following Example Model in Simulink. Right, a screenshot showing the Bird’s-Eye Scope of a Lane-Following Example Model in Simulink.

Figure 3. Lane-following system model.

The pipeline we’ll be using (Figure 4) is executed with each Jenkins build.

Diagram showing actions performed in a Lane-Following Example pipeline, including verify standards compliance, build model, and execute test cases, in order, and all three leading to a package artifacts step.

Figure 4. Pipeline for a lane-following example.

The phases in the pipeline are as follows:

Verify standards compliance: A MATLAB Unit script runs a simple Model Advisor check. The assessment criteria ensure that the model does not have unconnected lines.

Build model: A MATLAB Unit test file builds production SIL code for our model. The assessment criteria passes if the build succeeds without warning.

Execute test cases: A test suite in Simulink Test uses several driving scenarios to test the lane-following controller. Three assessment criteria are used to verify satisfactory operation of the controller:

Collision avoidance: The ego car does not collide with the lead car at any point during the driving scenario.

Safe distance maintenance: The time gap between the ego car and the lead car is above 1.5 seconds. The time gap between the two cars is defined as the ratio of the calculated headway and the ego car velocity.

Lane following: The lateral deviation from the centerline of the lane is within 0.2 m.

Package artifacts: Each of the previous stages produces artifacts, including a Model Advisor report, a generated executable, and a set of test results that can be archived for future use or reference.

Workflow Steps

The workflow consists of the following steps (Figure 5):

Trigger a build in Jenkins and observe that the Verify and Build stages pass.

Detect a test case failure in Jenkins.

Reproduce the issue on our desktop MATLAB.

Fix the issue in the model by relaxing the assessment criteria.

Test locally to ensure the test case passes.

Merge and review the changes on the testing branch.

Commit the change to Git and trigger a build in Jenkins.

Verify, build, and test in Jenkins.

Diagram showing how users can submit a change to version control, triggering the CI pipeline. The change is verified, built, tested, packaged and deployed. If a stage fails, users can resubmit to version control by following the previous steps.

Figure 5. Example workflow.

Our first failed pass through the CI loop is illustrated at the top left. It shows the CI test failure, local reproduction, criteria relaxing, and successful completion of the CI workflow.

Workflow Details

We begin by triggering a build in Jenkins by selecting Build Now. The Simulink Check checks and code generation pass.

A screenshot of the Jenkins Dashboard dropdown menu. Build Now is selected.

Next, we detect a test case failure in the second verify phase. The test case LFACC_Curve_CutInOut_TooClose in test suite LaneFollowingTestScenarios fails the assessment criteria.

A screenshot of a failure summary.

To understand the failure better, we reproduce the failure locally using Simulink Test. We open test file LaneFollowingTestScenarios.mldatx and run test case LFACC_Curve_CutInOut_TooClose. Note that it fails the Safe Distance assessment criteria. More flexibility in establishing the time gap between the lead car and ego car is required.

A screenshot of Simulink Test window with the passed assessment criteria.

With an understanding of the problem, we now fix the issue. We open the LaneFollowingTestBenchExample.slx model and navigate to the Collision Detection/Test Assessments Test Sequence block. The first assessment asserts that the time gap between the ego and the lead car should not dip below 1.5 seconds for more than 2 seconds at a time.

GlobalAssessments

% Ensure that the time gap between the ego vehicle and lead vehicle does not dip below

% 1.5s for more than 2s at a time.

verify(duration(time_gap < 1.5, sec) < 2);

% Verify that no collision was detected

verify(~collision);

% Verify that the absolute value of lateral deviation from the lane centerline does not exceed 0.2m

% for more than 5s at a time.

verify(duration(abs(lateral_deviation) > 0.2, sec) < 5);

This assessment is too restrictive for the aggressive driving maneuver being tested. For the purposes of this example, we relax the assessment criteria to ensure that the time gap does not dip below 0.8 seconds for more than 5 seconds at a time.

GlobalAssessments

% Ensure that the time gap between the ego vehicle and lead vehicle does not dip below

% 0.8s for more than 5s at a time.

verify(duration(time_gap < 0.8, sec) < 5);

% Verify that no collision was detected

verify(~collision);

% Verify that the absolute value of lateral deviation from the lane centerline does not exceed 0.2m

% for more than 5s at a time.

verify(duration(abs(lateral_deviation) > 0.2, sec) < 5);

The issue appears fixed in our simulation. To confirm, we test locally, saving the model and rerunning the test in the test manager. Notice that it passes with the new assessment criteria.

A screenshot of Simulink Test window with the passed assessment criteria.

We have fixed the issue and verified locally. We now use the Model Comparison tool to review the changes before committing them to version control.

A screenshot showing the comparison of old and new changes within the Model Comparison tool.

We could also use the Publish feature of the Model Comparison tool to review the code.

A screenshot showing the comparison of old and new changes when the Publish feature of Model Comparison tool is used.

With the bug fixed, we push these changes to GitLab with MATLAB projects, adding a commit message to note the change to the assessment criteria.

We then note the latest commit in GitLab.

GitLab automatically triggers a build in Jenkins. The Jenkins Project dashboard shows the build status and progress.

A screenshot of the Jenkins project dashboard showing the build status and progress via a loading bar.

The Jenkins build runs. We see that the verify, build, and test pipeline phases now pass.

We can now start a merge request to merge the changes in the test branch into the master branch. In GitLab, under Repository we select Branches then click Merge request next to the latest commit on the test branch.

We complete the form and submit the merge request.

As the owners of the branch, we can accept the merge request by clicking the Merge button. All changes are now captured on the main branch.

A screenshot showing the message that shows up when a merge request is successful.

Using the Example: Tools, Resources, and Requirements

The following sections outline resources to help you get started, the tools you will require, and how they should be configured.

Configuring Systems

Jenkins is leveraged as our CI system and GitLab as our version control system. MATLAB, Jenkins, and GitLab must be configured to work together. The following tutorials will help with setup.

Configure Our MATLAB Project

Configure Jenkins

Configure GitLab to Trigger Jenkins

The tutorials are specific to GitLab and Jenkins, but the concepts can apply to other version control and CI systems.

Tools Required

The following tools are required for this example:

Jenkins installation version 2.7.3 or later. Jenkins is used for continuous integration.

MATLAB Plugin for Jenkins version 1.0.3 or later. MATLAB, Simulink, and Simulink Test all leverage this plugin to communicate with Jenkins. Learn more on GitHub.

Additional plugins required:

GitLab

TAP Plugin

HTML Publisher Plugin

GitLab account. GitLab is used for source control and is available as a cloud service. MATLAB Projects include a Git interface for communication with GitLab.

License Considerations for CI

If you plan to perform CI on many hosts or on the cloud, contact continuous-integration@mathworks.com for help. Note: Transformational products such as MathWorks® coder and compiler products may require Client Access Licenses (CALs).

Appendix: Configuring MATLAB, GitLab, and Jenkins

Step 1. Configure MATLAB project to use source control

The first step in our example is to configure our project to use source control with GitLab.

Create a new directory named MBDExampleWithGitAndJenkins, load the example into it, and open the MATLAB Project MBDExampleWithGitAndJenkins.prj.

In GitLab, create a new project that will be the remote repository. Name it MBDExampleWithGitAndJenkins and record the URL where it is hosted.

In MATLAB, convert the project to use source control. On the Project tab, click Use Source Control.

A screenshot showing the Project tab in MATLAB, with the ‘Use Source Control’ button selected.

Click Add Project to Source Control.

A screenshot of the Source Control Information pop-up. Integration is set to none and the repository location is not applicable. It states no source control system detected for the project root and has a button saying add project to source control.

Click Convert.

A pop-up for Add to Source Control. The source control tool is selected as Git and the project root is given. There is a convert button.

Click Open Project when done.

A screenshot showing files being added to Source Control. The files have passed all checks and an ‘open project’ button is present. A Git menu with several buttons and logistics appears.

The project is now under local Git source control.

Step 2. Commit changes and push local repository to GitLab

On the Project tab, click Remote.

A screenshot of the MATLAB Project tab with ‘Remote’ highlighted.

Specify the URL of the remote origin in GitLab.

A screenshot of the Set Remote pop-up. It has a form for specifying a U R L for the origin remote. The given U R L is blurred and there is a validate button along with an OK button at the bottom.

Click Validate to ensure the connection to the remote repository is successful and click OK. The project is now configured to push and pull changes with GitLab.

Click Commit to perform an initial commit.

A screenshot of the MATLAB project tab with the Commit button highlighted.

A screenshot of the comment window with the commit message as Initial commit.

Click Push to push all changes from the local repository to the remote GitLab repository.

A screenshot of the MATLAB project tab with the Push button selected.

Refresh the GitLab dashboard and observe the contents of the MATLAB project.

A screenshot of the GitLab dashboard where the empty project was updated with the contents that were pushed previously.

Step 3: Create testing branch

In this step we create a testing branch for testing and verifying changes before merging with the main branch.

Click Branches.

A screenshot of the MATLAB Project tab with the Branches button selected.

Expand the Branch and Tag Creation section, name the branch “Test,” and click Create.

A screenshot of Branches window with the Branches and Tag creation section expanded. The name of the branch is Test and a create button that is available next to it can be used to create the branch.

Observe Test in the branch browser. From the Test branch click Switch then Close.

A screenshot of the Branches window where the current branch selected is Test. A switch button that is available next to it can be used to switch the existing branch to Test branch. A close button that is available below can be used to close the window.

In MATLAB select Push to push these changes to GitLab and observe the Test branch in GitLab.

A screenshot showing the GitLab dashboard. The test branch is selected, and corresponding contents of the branch are shown.

Step 4: Configure Jenkins to call MATLAB

Install two required plugins:

GitLab plugin — This plugin allows GitLab to trigger Jenkins builds and display their results in the GitLab UI.

MATLAB plugin — This plugin integrates MATLAB with Jenkins and provides the Jenkins interface to call MATLAB and Simulink.

Select New Item and create a new FreeStyle project named MBDExampleUsingGitAndJenkins.

Under Source Code Management, enable Git, point Jenkins to our GitLab repository, and enter the Test branch to build. Note: Login or password and GitLab API token are required.

Configure the build trigger to run a build when a push request is made to the Test branch in GitLab. In the Build Triggers section select Advanced > secret token. This token is used by GitLab to request a build and authenticate with Jenkins. Make a note of the secret token and the GitLab webhook.

Configure the build environment. Select Use MATLAB version and enter the MATLAB root.

Configure the build step.

Click Add build step and choose Run MATLAB Command. Enter the command openProject('SltestLaneFollowingExample.prj'); LaneFollowingExecModelAdvisor

to open the project and run model advisor checks.

Click Add build step and choose Run MATLAB Command again. Enter the command: openProject('SltestLaneFollowingExample.prj'); LaneFollowingExecControllerBuild

Click Add build step and choose Run MATLAB Tests. Select TAP test results and Cobertura code coverage to complete the build configuration.

Step 5. Publishing TAP results

Click Add post-build action > Publish TAP Results. Enter the relative path where the TAP test results will be published.

This action parses the TAP test results and makes them viewable when TAP Extended Test Results is selected. The output contains an overview of the executed test cases, the results summary, and logs from the MATLAB console.

A screenshot of a dropdown menu on the dashboard with ‘T A P Extended Test Results’ highlighted.

The TAP plugin also collects the results of the latest test executions and displays a health diagram as shown below. You can access any previous build by clicking on the diagram.

A graph of T A P test results showing the Jenkins build number on the x-axis and the T A P Tests Count on the y-axis. Tests are color coded as failed, passed, skipped or To Do. As the build number increases, the number of passed tests rises as well.

Step 6. Publishing HTML reports

Click Add post-build action > Publish HTML reports. Enter the relative root path where the HTML report will be published and the filename of the index page that is in the path.

Add as many entries as there are HTML reports to be published. In this scenario, there are two web reports: The Model Advisor Summary and the Code Generation Report. These are standard reports created with MATLAB built-in functions. You can add custom HTML reports.

You will find a report link corresponding to the last build for every HTML report on the main Jenkins job page. If you activate the checkbox “Always link to last build” under publishing options, the plugin will publish reports for the last build regardless of the build status. If this checkbox is not activated, the plugin will only link to the last “successful” build.

Step 7. Configuring GitLab to trigger a build in Jenkins

Configure GitLab to trigger an automatic build in Jenkins when a new push occurs on the master branch. To do this, navigate to Settings > Webhooks. Use the webhook URL and the secret token provided by Jenkins in the Build Trigger configuration and select Push events.

Note: Use a fully qualified domain name in the URL section in place of localhost so that GitLab can find the Jenkins installation.

A screenshot of the Webhooks pop-up with the U R L form filled in, Secret Token field unfilled, and ‘Push Events’ checked off under ‘Trigger’ with a form to fill in the Trigger.

In the Test pulldown, select Push Events to test the integration. GitLab will show the message “Hook executed successfully: HTTP 200” and Jenkins will start a build.

A screenshot of the Project Hooks pop-up with the enabled webhook details.

Step 8. Configuring Jenkins-to-GitLab authentication

To publish a Jenkins build status automatically on GitLab, you must configure the Jenkins-to-GitLab authentication.

Create a personal access token on GitLab with API scope selected.

A screenshot of the pop-up for Personal Access Tokens with forms for adding the name, expiration date, and scope for the token named GitLabToJenkins. Under ‘Scopes,’ ‘a p i’ is checked, which grants complete read/write access to the A P I.

Copy the token and create a GitLab connection under Jenkins Configure System.

Note: Connections can be reused over multiple Jenkins jobs and may be configured globally if the user has at least “maintainer” rights.

Step 9. Integrating Jenkins into the GitLab pipeline

To integrate Jenkins into the GitLab pipeline you must configure the GitLab connection in Jenkins and publish the job status to GitLab.

Select the GitLab Connection in the General section of your Jenkins job.

Add a post-build action to publish build status to GitLab.

Note: This action has no parameter and will use the existing GitLab connection to publish the build status on GitLab and create bidirectional traceability for every commit and merge request.

A screenshot of the added post-build action which indicates to Publish build status to GitLab. There is a button for Advanced options.

Step 10: Visualizing requirements-based testing metrics (R2020b)

Requirements-based testing metrics let you assess the status and quality of your requirements-based testing activities. The metrics results can be visualized using the Model Testing Dashboard.

Create a file called collectModelTestingResults.m based on the function shown below. This function will initialize the metrics engine infrastructure and collect all available model metrics.

function collectModelTestingResults()

% metric capability added in R2020a

if exist('metric')

metricIDs = [...

"ConditionCoverageBreakdown" "CoverageDataService"...

"DecisionCoverageBreakdown" "ExecutionCoverageBreakdown"...

"MCDCCoverageBreakdown" "OverallConditionCoverage"...

"OverallDecisionCoverage" "OverallExecutionCoverage"...

"OverallMCDCCoverage" "RequirementWithTestCase"...

"RequirementWithTestCaseDistribution" "RequirementWithTestCasePercentage"...

"RequirementsPerTestCase" "RequirementsPerTestCaseDistribution"...

"TestCaseStatus" "TestCaseStatusDistribution"...

"TestCaseStatusPercentage" "TestCaseTag"...

"TestCaseTagDistribution" "TestCaseType"...

"TestCaseTypeDistribution" "TestCaseWithRequirement"...

"TestCaseWithRequirementDistribution" "TestCaseWithRequirementPercentage"...

"TestCasesPerRequirement" "TestCasesPerRequirementDistribution"...

];

% collect all metrics for initial reconcile

E = metric.Engine();

execute(E, metricIDs);

end

end

Add this file to your project and to the path.

Configure Jenkins to collect metric results by calling the new collectModelTestingResults function twice. The first call initializes the metrics integration with Simulink Test Manager. The second collects the metrics results using the exported Simulink Test Manager results.

Click Add build step and choose Run MATLAB Command again. Enter the command: openProject('SltestLaneFollowingExample.prj'); collectModelTestingResults

Position this build step before the Run MATLAB Tests build step.

Click Add build step and choose Run MATLAB Command again. Enter the command again: openProject('SltestLaneFollowingExample.prj'); collectModelTestingResults

Position this build step after the Run MATLAB Tests build step.

Check Simulink Test Manager results in the Run MATLAB Tests build step.

A screenshot of the pop window of Build step. The form for Simulink Test Manager Results is filled with the file path.

Archive the metrics results in the derived directory. You must also archive the exported test manager results, as they will allow full navigation of the Metric results when loaded back into MATLAB.

Click Add post-build action and choose Archive the artifacts. Enter path derived/**,matlabTestArtifacts/*.mldatx to archive all files saved to that directory.

Note: To view these results in MATLAB on a machine other than the test machine, do the following:

Download the archived artifacts (derived directory and test results .mldatx files).

Extract and copy into a local copy of the same version of the project that was used to run the CI job.

Open the project in MATLAB and launch the Model Testing Dashboard.

The results generated by the CI will be displayed on the dashboard.

Jenkins® is a registered trademark of LF Charities Inc.

Published 2022

Products Used

MATLAB

Simulink

Automated Driving Toolbox

Computer Vision Toolbox

Control System Toolbox

Embedded Coder

Image Processing Toolbox

MATLAB Coder

Model Predictive Control Toolbox

Requirements Toolbox

Simulink Check

Simulink Coder

Simulink Control Design

Simulink Coverage

Simulink Test

Learn More

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Agile Model-Based Design: Accelerating Simulink Simulations in Continuous Integration Workflows - Article

The Other Kind of Continuous Integration - Blog

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Continuous Integration with Simulink Project and Simulink Test - Blog

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Thanks everyone. i was able to change also.

Many Chinese citizens are skeptical about the state’s renewed effort to control childbearing. Online discussions are ripe with worries about the new policy’s effects on employment and families and how unfair population policies are for women. Many women worry about being pushed out of the labour market and losing the right to equal work opportunities with relaxed birth quotas. There is very real concern that discrimination against Chinese women will only worsen with a three-child policy.

Openly discriminatory hiring requirements leave working women at a disadvantage. Despite being illegal, many job ads list a distinct requirement for men or married women with kids, and other employers convey such a preference during the hiring process. In 2020, 11 percent of postings on the Chinese government’s national civil service job list specified a preference or requirement for men. The preference for married women with kids also disadvantages single women and those with no or fewer children. Under the three-child policy, women with two kids can now legally have another, making them “risky” hires in employers’ eyes and, thus, prone to discrimination.

In my opinion; everything that all human beings do is influenced by their individual qualities, and hence their emotional qualities.

Also check please the following useful link: http://www.hsa.ie/eng/Topics/Radon/

You can develop one using exploratory sequential mixed methods research design.

Thank you very much

I am assuming you did not even try to do a search for an article. You should always do this first. I did a quick scholar.google.com search using the search terms "nurse insecurity workplace" and it returned over 52,000 results.

What's this

In the field of Midwife and childcare.

Also check..

If your DV is an ordinal variable (scale) you will need NOT ordinary least squares ie multiple regression but rather ordinal logistic regression. For details see the attachment

Best wishes David Booth

Yes, it would be great to have a link to a support group, if there is one that grew over the time that SWP was used in the past.

Does anyone know of such a support group?

Hi Joseph, every article will list a corresponding author. You can start there - if you find a recent article in your area of interest, you could contact the corresponding author and see if they may need any assistance in their current research. Someone in their lab (or a current graduate student/ post-doc) may also be working on a certain aspect of a larger research project and may be seeking a writing/ research partner. Best of luck in your research endeavors!

Please have look on our(Eminent Biosciences (EMBS)) collaborations.. and let me know if interested to associate with us

Here is our lab page: https://www.eminentbio.com/home/members

Here is our publication: https://www.eminentbio.com/home/Publication

Our recent publications In collaborations with industries and academia in India and world wide.

EMBS publication In association with Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33397265/

EMBS publication In association with Moscow State University , Russia. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32967475/

EMBS publication In association with Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology,, Mount Sinai Health System, Manhattan, NY, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29199918

EMBS publication In association with University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30457050

EMBS publication In association with Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852211

EMBS publication In association with ICMR- NIN(National Institute of Nutrition), Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23030611

EMBS publication In association with University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth MN 55811 USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852211

EMBS publication In association with University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30950335

EMBS publication In association with Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30693065

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31210847/

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080, Leioa, Spain. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852204

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Publication Link: http://www.eurekaselect.com/135585

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and NIPER , Hyderabad, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053759

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30950335

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad , India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28472910

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and C.S.I.R – CRISAT, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237676

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Karpagam academy of higher education, Eachinary, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237672

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Ballets Olaeta Kalea, 4, 48014 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29199918

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 016, Telangana, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28472910

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad-682 506, Cochin, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27964704

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and CODEWEL Nireekshana-ACET, Hyderabad, Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26770024

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamilnadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919211

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and LPU University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31030499

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Department of Bioinformatics, Kerala University, Kerala. Publication Link: http://www.eurekaselect.com/135585

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Gandhi Medical College and Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad 500 038, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27450915

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirapalli, 620 001 Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27266485

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and University of Calicut - 673635, Kerala, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23030611

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and NIPER, Hyderabad, India. ) Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053759

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and King George's Medical University, (Erstwhile C.S.M. Medical University), Lucknow-226 003, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25579575

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25579569

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Safi center for scientific research, Malappuram, Kerala, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237672

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Dept of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25248957

EMBS publication In association with Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26229292

Sincerely,

Dr. Anuraj Nayarisseri

Principal Scientist & Director,

Eminent Biosciences.

Mob :+91 97522 95342

Please have look on our(Eminent Biosciences (EMBS)) collaborations.. and let me know if interested to associate with us

Here is our lab page: https://www.eminentbio.com/home/members

Here is our publication: https://www.eminentbio.com/home/Publication

Our recent publications In collaborations with industries and academia in India and world wide.

EMBS publication In association with Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33397265/

EMBS publication In association with Moscow State University , Russia. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32967475/

EMBS publication In association with Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology,, Mount Sinai Health System, Manhattan, NY, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29199918

EMBS publication In association with University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30457050

EMBS publication In association with Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852211

EMBS publication In association with ICMR- NIN(National Institute of Nutrition), Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23030611

EMBS publication In association with University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth MN 55811 USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852211

EMBS publication In association with University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30950335

EMBS publication In association with Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30693065

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31210847/

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080, Leioa, Spain. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852204

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Publication Link: http://www.eurekaselect.com/135585

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and NIPER , Hyderabad, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053759

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30950335

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad , India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28472910

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and C.S.I.R – CRISAT, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237676

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Karpagam academy of higher education, Eachinary, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237672

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Ballets Olaeta Kalea, 4, 48014 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29199918

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 016, Telangana, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28472910

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad-682 506, Cochin, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27964704

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and CODEWEL Nireekshana-ACET, Hyderabad, Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26770024

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamilnadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919211

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and LPU University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31030499

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Department of Bioinformatics, Kerala University, Kerala. Publication Link: http://www.eurekaselect.com/135585

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Gandhi Medical College and Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad 500 038, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27450915

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirapalli, 620 001 Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27266485

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and University of Calicut - 673635, Kerala, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23030611

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and NIPER, Hyderabad, India. ) Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053759

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and King George's Medical University, (Erstwhile C.S.M. Medical University), Lucknow-226 003, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25579575

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25579569

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Safi center for scientific research, Malappuram, Kerala, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237672

Eminent Biosciences(EMBS) and Dept of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25248957

EMBS publication In association with Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26229292

Sincerely,

Dr. Anuraj Nayarisseri

Principal Scientist & Director,

Eminent Biosciences.

Mob :+91 97522 95342

Face-to-face meetings “build stronger, more meaningful business relationships,” they said, while allowing better social opportunities to bond with clients and coworkers. It is also easier to read body language and facial expressions and interpret nonverbal communication signals.

Revenge, AT THE MARGIN OF THE SITE OR PLACE WHERE IT IS FROM, IS ALWAYS VENGEANCE, since it is aggressive conduct (of whatever type and implicit or explicit) that is neither classified nor classified by where it occurs; Well, revenge is retaliation against a person or group in response to an injury received (or perceived as such) is something innate in the human being and appears in all kinds of cultures, places and historical moments.

Another thing is that such revenge is translated into an assumption of MOBBING, but -in this case- it is already typified as said mobbing and not as revenge.

"Before starting a journey of revenge, dig two graves." Confucius.

In general I would not exclude any, but I would do a with and without analysis. If you do a multilevel analysis of individuals in groups, imbalance is expected and modelled, and unreliable results based on small numbers within group are downplayed.

If you still need help I'd be willing to take part. I am working towards my bachelor's in forensic psychology.

Thank you Nilesh Thakre

Please refer 'Workplace spirituality and employee engagement' article by

Alan M. Saks

Yes, Gayathiri Sridharan, if that questionnaire firs your requirement, then it is sensible to go ahead.

However, I encourage you to consider the issues raised in the other articles as you write up your research.

Best wishes!

Dear Dr Koswattu,

Sorry my added paper did not work but it is here on Rg:

Moral Distress and its Interconnection with Moral Sensitivity and Moral Resilience: Viewed from the Philosophy of Viktor E. Frankl

Possible changes in the applied practices of human resource management at universities during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic mainly result from the increase in the scale of using modern ICT, Internet and Industry 4.0 information technologies to improve remote communication as part of remote didactic classes, i.e. online education in the e-learning formula and remote administration in some departments and departments of the university, remotely conducted scientific conferences, symposia, seminars, meetings of departments, meetings of research teams, etc. In order to improve Internet remote communication, Internet videoconferencing platforms are mainly used. All these changes and the increase in digitization and internationalization of remote communication processes are a significant factor in possible changes in the applied HR management practices at universities during a pandemic.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Donald E. Watenpaugh Such a nice concern about working communities or individuals. Everybody have information about obesity but sitting for long can lead to muscle atrophy that observed in long bed rest patients or the astronauts. While sitting, anti-gravity bones and muscles relaxed and gravity influences decreases, similar phenomenon observed in space. As per the literature, bad lifestyle decreases bone density by 10% per 3-6 months. 6-9 hour sitting is playing havoc with workers life. Govt or company should provide compulsory walk or stretching sessions.

Facilitarle medidas de conciliación vida laboral-vida familiar

What do you mean by workplace syndromes?

Interesting

Workplace employee relations are always competition based environment.

Interested

Thank you so much--appreciate it!

Dear Doctor Manisha Naithani , thank you for this interesting discussion.

My thoughts & views on reverse mentoring are....

Getting inputs from younger generation is a great idea. They not only bring fresh idea, new knowledge, but also exhibit exuberance. Seniors (in any official capacity) learning from Juniors bring a better balance in the functioning of the organization. The ego " I " will vanish. But, the success of reverse mentoring always depends on the Officials holding higher posts/designations.

Report: Why Reverse Mentoring Works and How to Do It Right

Source: https://hbr.org/2019/10/why-reverse-mentoring-works-and-how-to-do-it-right#:~:text=Reverse%20mentoring%20pairs%20younger%20employees,senior%20executives%20about%20the%20internet.

Another Example I can give you is from the Indian Mythology.

Story lines: Lord Shiva asked his son to teach him the sacred knowledge. Murugan agreed to do so provided Shiva was willing to be his disciple.

Source: https://talkingmyths.com/his-fathers-guru/

This story. I am quoting here not to discuss who is big or powerful but,...... the message conveyed in the story is interesting.

Even the God is Willing to Learn (from Junior), -

It is for every one in the world to adopt reverse mentoring devoid of ego and other negative emotions.

Willing and open to get differing views on this.

Thanks for this wonderful opportunity.

Continued

§ Protect them from dullards

§ Never compare their work with others

§ Never criticize their work

§ Don’t boss them around

§ Direct lightly

§ Avoid giving them unchallenging and mundane tasks

§ Support and stimulate their creative thinking

I would recommend reading the following article through Google Scholar:

- Jones, K. P., Arena, D. F., Nittrouer, C. L., Alonso, N. M., & Lindsey, A. P. (2017). Subtle Discrimination in the Workplace: A Vicious Cycle. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 10(01), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2016.91

Bellou, V. (2010). Organizational culture as a predictor of job satisfaction: the role of gender and age. Career development international.

Randa Bedawy many thanks

with the time you get the way to tackle these types of people. These people enhance your management skill.

It can be something typical of the personality and character of the subject, either at work or anywhere; But it can also be the result of over-stress at work or poor job satisfaction that generates frustration and, this in turn, aggressiveness and anger; it can be a typical response of a subject with Alpha Type Behavior Pattern (ATBP or PTAC); in the same way, it can be a pattern of behavior within a situation - this subject being an agent - of some type of Mobbing ... in short, the case should be analyzed being risky and unscientific to try to give a general answer valid for all and each of the possible cases and scenarios

Hi Ali,

Some time ago, I conducted a study of collaborative work in academic environment. The findings indicate low level of collaboration within one institution and high level across universities. The rules of promotion in academia based solely on individual achievement significantly hinder collaboration among workplace colleagues. In contract, consulting firms orientated towards customers exhibit very high level of collaboration. You can check my paper on the topic: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266615995_Knowledge_Sharing_Culture_A_Case_Study#:~:text=An%20information-sharing%20culture%20is%20a%20broad%20concept%20and,%28O%27Dell%20and%20Hubert%2C%202011%3B%20Handzic%20and%20Agahari%2C%202004%29. Meliha

Earning her trust with great empathy, conducting an unstructured interview so that she can vent and - unless there is some type of trauma, injury or medical emergency - referring her to the Interdisciplinary Medical and PSYCHOSOCIAL Team "ad hoc" for them to explore, intervene and advise her adequately