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Wireless Communications - Science topic

This group has been created to bring together those interested in wireless communication research.
Questions related to Wireless Communications
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IEEE 2024 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Communication (ICAIRC 2024) will be held in Xiamen, China on December 27-29, 2024.
Conference Website: https://ais.cn/u/JBJFnm
ICAIRC 2024 aims to be the premier global forum for presenting, discussing, and promoting cutting-edge advancements in intelligent robot control systems and wireless communication. With a focus on the integration of artificial intelligence, natural computing, and evolutionary-inspired computing within wireless control systems for telerobotics, the conference seeks to foster international collaboration among industry experts, researchers, and academics. Attendees will have the opportunity to engage with groundbreaking research, participate in in-depth discussions, and utilize extensive networking opportunities, all designed to drive innovation and academic excellence in these dynamic and rapidly evolving fields. The event will feature keynote addresses from eminent industry leaders, interactive sessions, and workshops that encourage forward-thinking and collaborative breakthroughs.
---Call for papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
◕ Artificial Intelligence
· Artificial Intelligence Applications & Technologies
· Artificial Neural Networks
· Artificial Intelligence tools & Applications
· Bayesian Networks
· Neuroinformatics
......
◕ Robotics Science and Engineering
· Robot control
· Mobile robotics
· Intelligent pension robots
· Mobile sensor networks
· Perception systems
......
◕ Communication
· Optical Communications
· Wireless Communications and Technologies
· High-Speed Networks
· Communication Software
· Ultra-Wideband Communications
......
---Publication---
All papers, both invited and contributed, the accepted papers, will be published and submitted for inclusion into IEEE Xplore subject to meeting IEEE Xplore’s scope and quality requirements, and also submitted to EI Compendex and Scopus for indexing. All conference proceedings paper can not be less than 4 pages.
---Important Dates---
Full Paper Submission Date: November 30, 2024
Registration Deadline: December 7, 2024
Full Paper Submission Date: December 14, 2024
Conference Dates: December 27-29, 2024
--- Paper Submission---
Please send the full paper(word+pdf) to Submission System:
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That is great and also timely, looking forward to it.
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会议征稿:第四届人工智能、机器人和通信国际会议(ICAIRC 2024)
Call for papers: IEEE 2024 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Communication (ICAIRC 2024) will be held in Xiamen on December 27-29, 2024.
Conference website(English): https://ais.cn/u/3aMje2
重要信息
大会官网(投稿网址):https://ais.cn/u/3aMje2
大会时间:2024年12月27-29日
大会地点:中国-厦门
收录检索:IEEE Xplore, EI Compendex, Scopus
会议详情
第四届人工智能、机器人和通信国际会议(ICAIRC 2024)定于2024年12月27-29日在中国厦门举行。会议旨在为从事“人工智能、机器人和通信”研究的专家学者、工程技术人员、技术研发人员提供一个共享科研成果和前沿技术,了解学术发展趋势,拓宽研究思路,加强学术研究和探讨,促进学术成果产业化合作的平台。大会诚邀国内外高校、科研机构专家、学者,企业界人士及其他相关人员参会交流。
征稿主题(包括但不限于)
1. 人工智能
人工智能应用与技术
人工神经网络
人工智能工具与应用
贝叶斯网络
神经信息学
机器人
数据挖掘
......
2. 机器人科学与工程
机器人控制
移动机器人
智能养老机器人
移动传感器网络
感知系统
微型机器人和微型操纵
视觉服务
搜索、救援和现场机器人
机器人传感与数据融合
......
3. 通信
光通信
无线通信和技术
高速网络
通信软件
超宽带通信
多媒体通信
密码学和网络安全
绿色通信
移动通信
会议论文出版
ICAIRC 2024所有的投稿都必须经过2-3位组委会专家审稿,经过严格的审稿之后,最终所有录用的论文将由IEEE出版(ISBN号:979-8-3315-3122-5),收录进IEEE Xplore数据库,见刊后由期刊社提交至EI 、SCOPUS收录。
参会方式
—— 每篇录用缴费的文章,允许一名作者免费参会 ——
(1)口头汇报:10-15分钟的全英PPT演讲;
*开放给所有投稿作者与自费参会人员;针对论文或者论文里面的研究做一个10-15min的英文汇报,需要自备PPT,无模板要求,会前根据会议邮件通知进行提交,详情联系会议秘书。
(2)海报展示:自制电子版海报,会议安排展示;
*开放给所有投稿作者与自费参会人员;格式:全英-A1尺寸-竖版,需自制;制作后提交海报图片至会议邮箱icairc@163.com,主题及海报命名格式为:海报展示+姓名+订单号。
(3)仅参会:非投稿作者,现场听众参会。
*仅开放给自费参会人员,(3人及以上)组队参会优惠请联系会议秘书。
(4)报名参会:https://ais.cn/u/3aMje2
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What is 6G Technology?
As we stand on the edge of the 5G era, the world is already buzzing about 6G technology—the next big leap in wireless communication. But what exactly is 6G, and how will it revolutionize our digital world?
In this video, we explore:
The evolution of 6G and how it differs from 5G.
Its potential to enable ultra-fast data speeds, latency reduction, and advanced IoT applications.
The exciting possibilities 6G brings for industries like AI, autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and immersive virtual reality.
Stay ahead of the curve and dive into the future of wireless communication!
Watch now: What is 6G Technology?
#6GTechnology #FutureTech #WirelessCommunication #AI #SmartCities #DigitalTransformation #TechInnovation #ProfessorRahulJain
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Here is my take on 6G in video format:
6G: What, why, and how?
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2024 4th International Conference on Electronic Information Engineering and Computer Science (EIECS 2024) will be held on September 27-29, 2024 in Yanji, China.
Conference Website: https://ais.cn/u/7n6Vva
---Call for papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
◕ Electronic Information Engineering
· Signal processing
· Wireless network
· Information system
· Next generation mobile communication technology
· Internet of things
......
◕ Computer Science
· Computer system
· Artificial intelligence
· Machine learning and deep learning
· Pattern recognition
· Computer vision and graphics
......
---Publication---
All accepted full papers will be published in the conference proceedings and will be submitted to EI Compendex / Scopus for indexing.
---Important Dates---
Registration Deadline: August 30, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: August 30, 2024
Conference Dates: September 27-29, 2024
--- Paper Submission---
Please send the full paper(word+pdf) to Submission System:
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I am interrested
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会议征稿:第七届机械、控制与计算机工程国际学术会议(ICMCCE2024)
Call for papers: IEEE 2024 7th International Conference on Mechanical, Control and Computer Engineering (ICMCCE 2024), organized by Chaohu University and Shenyang Ligong University will be held in Hangzhou during October 25 to 27, 2024.
Conference website(English):https://ais.cn/u/IrMvmq
重要信息
大会官网(投稿网址):https://ais.cn/u/IrMvmq
大会时间:2024年10月25-27日
大会地点:中国杭州
收录类型:EI Compendex,Scopus
主办单位:巢湖学院
会议详情
第七届机械、控制与计算机工程国际学术会议定于2024年10月25日至27日在中国杭州召开。本届会议由巢湖学院主办,主要围绕“机械”、“控制”与“计算机工程”等研究领域展开讨论。旨在为机械、控制与计算机工程方面的专家学者及企业发展人提供一个分享研究成果、讨论存在的问题与挑战、探索前沿科技的国际性合作交流平台。欢迎海内外学者投稿和参会。
会议征稿主题(包括但不限于)
1、机械工程
2、自动化及控制工程
3、计算机工程
4、电子和通信技术
更多相关主题请查看官网
论文出版
本次会议投稿论文都须经过2-3位组委会专家审稿,最终录用的论文将提交出版,见刊后提交至 EI Compendex、Scopus检索,目前该出版社EI检索非常稳定。往届会议已被EI检索!
投稿参会方式
所有参会人员均可申请报告或海报展示,可开具证明
1、作者参会:录用文章允许一位作者免费参会
① 申请听众参会,无需准备报告或海报;
② 申请口头报告,时间为15分钟,PPT&报告语言为英文;
③ 申请海报展示,A1尺寸,彩色打印(自行打印);
2、主讲嘉宾:申请主题演讲,由组委会审核;
3、听众参会:只参会听讲不投稿,也可申请口头报告或海报展示;
4、报名参会:https://ais.cn/u/IrMvmq
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interested
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Dear Professors,
If any one know about the technical conference in Australia between 14-21 September 2024, Please let me know. Thanking you in advance.
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i think in Bengaluru, one conference going on once Check with that details. in Italy also going on...
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2024 5th International Conference on Computer Vision and Data Mining(ICCVDM 2024) will be held on July 19-21, 2024 in Changchun, China.
Conference Webiste: https://ais.cn/u/ai6bQr
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
◕ Computational Science and Algorithms
· Algorithms
· Automated Software Engineering
· Computer Science and Engineering
......
◕ Vision Science and Engineering
· Image/video analysis
· Feature extraction, grouping and division
· Scene analysis
......
◕ Software Process and Data Mining
· Software Engineering Practice
· Web Engineering
· Multimedia and Visual Software Engineering
......
◕ Robotics Science and Engineering
Image/video analysis
Feature extraction, grouping and division
Scene analysis
......
All accepted papers will be published by SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering (ISSN: 0277-786X), and submitted to EI Compendex, Scopus for indexing.
Important Dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: June 19, 2024
Registration Deadline: June 30, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: June 30, 2024
Conference Dates: July 19-21, 2024
For More Details please visit:
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Thanks for sharing. Wishing you every success in your task.
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Dear colleagues
It is not possible to send or receive a sound or image from the Earth while it is rotating around itself or around the sun to outer space or vice versa, because the connection will be cut off due to the specificity of the wireless communication channel when leaving the Earth.
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Dear colleague Sandeep, thank you for your response.
The problem is that communications which are outside the earth, in space, outside of all orbits, will be very very disrupted or even cut off especially in the earth-space transition. Above all, you have the speed of rotation of the earth around itself at a very high speed which will cut off the communication of the wireless channel (LOS or NLOS). Current technologies on current transmission channels do not allow such transmissions, even the Doppler effect will have no meaning.
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I am currently studying index modulation aided NOMA technique but my mind blown up with mathematical expressions. Can someone explain to me these;
  1. How Index Modulation aided NOMA (IM-NOMA) works? (with figures and graphs)
  2. What is the received signal formula for 2-user situation?
My reference study paper: Performance Analysis of Uplink Index-Modulated NOMA for 6G Wireless Communications
Y. -K. Bae, J. S. Yeom and B. C. Jung, "Performance Analysis of Uplink Index-Modulated NOMA for 6G Wireless Communications," in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 1404-1408, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1109/LWC.2023.3275944.
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I understand, IM-NOMA can get quite technical. Let's break it down without diving deep into the math (referring to the mentioned paper by Bae et al. for specifics).
Here's how IM-NOMA works (conceptually):
Imagine a system with a base station trying to communicate with two user equipments (UEs) simultaneously. Traditional NOMA relies on power control to differentiate between strong and weak users. IM-NOMA adds another layer of complexity.
  1. Index Assignment: Each user is assigned a unique index based on a chosen modulation scheme (e.g., Binary Phase Shift Keying - BPSK). This index is embedded in the signal by activating specific subcarriers.
  2. Data Embedding: User data is then superimposed on the activated subcarriers.
  3. Transmission: The base station transmits the combined signal containing both users' data and their corresponding indices.
  4. User Differentiation: At the receiver (UEs), the indices help identify which subcarriers contain their data. They can then decode their own information while suppressing interference from the other user.
Benefits of IM-NOMA:
  • Improved spectral efficiency: Utilizes subcarrier activation for user identification, reducing overhead.
  • Increased system capacity: Allows serving multiple users simultaneously.
2-User Received Signal Formula (Simplified):
The actual formula in the paper will involve complex number representations and summation. Here's a simplified view for understanding:
Let x1(t) and x2(t) be the data signals of User 1 and User 2, respectively.
h1 and h2 represent the channel coefficients between the base station and User 1 & User 2.
Base Station Signal (s(t)):
s(t) = a1 * f1(t) * x1(t) + a2 * f2(t) * x2(t)
where:
  • a1 and a2 are scaling factors for power control (as in traditional NOMA).
  • f1(t) and f2(t) are functions representing the subcarrier activation patterns based on the assigned indices to each user.
This simplified formula shows how the base station combines user data with their corresponding subcarrier activation patterns (determined by the indices).
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Hi researchers
I would like to ask, what are the bands and subbands of 5G/6G and beyond wireless communications?
Thanks for any reply
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5G and future generations of wireless communication utilize a wider range of radio frequencies compared to previous generations. Here's a breakdown of the spectrum used:
  • Low-band (sub-1 GHz): This band offers good coverage over long distances but has lower data rates. It's often used for basic cellular service and Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
  • Mid-band (1-6 GHz): This band offers a balance between coverage and capacity, making it suitable for many applications like video streaming and enhanced mobile broadband.
  • High-band (above 6 GHz): This band, including millimeter wave (mmWave), offers ultra-fast data rates but has limited range and struggles to penetrate buildings. It's ideal for high-density areas and fixed wireless access.
6G and Beyond:
While 5G utilizes mmWave bands, 6G is expected to explore even higher frequencies, potentially reaching terahertz (THz) bands. These bands offer even greater data rates but come with even shorter range and higher implementation challenges.
There's ongoing research on using new technologies like visible light communication (LiFi) that could complement radio frequency bands in future wireless communication systems.
It's important to note that specific bands and subbands allocated for 5G and future generations can vary depending on regulations and licensing in different regions.
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The 3rd International Conference on Optoelectronic Information and Functional Materials (OIFM 2024) will be held in Wuhan, China from April 5 to 7, 2024.
The annual Optoelectronic Information and Functional Materials conference (OIFM) offers delegates and members a forum to present and discuss the most recent research. Delegates and members will have numerous opportunities to join in discussions on these topics. Additionally, it offers fresh perspectives and brings together academics, researchers, engineers, and students from universities and businesses throughout the globe under one roof.
---𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐏𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
1. Optoelectronic information science
- Optoelectronics
- Optical communication and optical network
- Optical fiber communication and system
......
2. Information and Communication Engineering
- Communication and information system
- Wireless communication, data transmission
- Switching and broadband network
......
3. Materials science and Engineering
- New materials
- Optoelectronic functional materials and devices
- Bonding material
......
All accepted full papers will be published in the conference proceedings and will be submitted to EI Compendex / Scopus for indexing.
𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬:
Full Paper Submission Date: February 5, 2024
Registration Deadline: March 22, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: March 29, 2024
Conference Dates: April 5-7, 2024
𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐃𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐬 𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐯𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐭:
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Dear Sergey Alexandrovich Shoydin ,only English manuscripts are accepted in the conference.
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I am curious about what happened to the atomizer software by Buckheit J. (http://statweb.stanford.edu/~wavelab/personnel/) and if it is available somewhere.
Sadly I found only 2 dodgy sites that require a login to download the MATLAB code. Does someone have any information on where to get it from?
Alternatively, if there are other toolkits that have implemented this code please let me know, it does not have to be MATLAB, any language is fine for me :).
Thank you.
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Jacob Sundstrom Just curious if you still have the zip file.
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Hello,
I would like to know all the details about the term eigen beamforming.
Is precoding essential for eigen beamforming?
It would be great if you could give any help with this topic.
Thanks
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Thanks Sai R N Murtadha Shukur for the help
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2024 International Conference on Smart City and Information System (ICSCIS 2024) will be held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from May 17-19, 2024.
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
1. Smart City
- Smart Grid
- Smart Manufacturing
- Wireless Communication
......
2. Information System
- Information Systems and Security
- Information Management Systems
- Internet of Things (IoT)
......
3. Other Related Topics
All accepted full papers will be published on Conference Proceedings and submitted to EI Compendex and Scopus for indexing.
Important Dates:
Registration Deadline Date: May 8, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: May 13, 2024
Conference Date: May 17-19, 2024
For More Details please visit:
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Thank you so much
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Hi, can anyone tell max page limit for publication in "EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking" ? . Also, is this limit for double line space (review) or final publication ?
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The journal does not seem to say anything about this. Most likely because in general there is no word-limit for open access journals. See for example:
-PLOS ONE: They state “Manuscripts can be any length. There are no restrictions on word count, number of figures, or amount of supporting information.” But obviously they also state “We encourage you to present and discuss your findings concisely.” (https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines )
-International Journal of Molecular Sciences: They state “IJMS has no restrictions on the maximum length of manuscripts, provided that the text is concise and comprehensive.” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/instructions )
-Scientific Reports: They also indicate “In most cases, we do not impose strict limits on word count or page number.” But the recommend “Articles should ideally be no more than 11 typeset pages” and “The main text should be no more than 4,500 words (not including Abstract, Methods, References and figure legends)” (https://www.nature.com/srep/author-instructions/submission-guidelines )
Or the maximum is quite generous:
-Frontiers (in Communications and Networks): “Original Research articles are peer-reviewed, have a maximum word count of 12,000 and may contain no more than 15 Figures/Tables.” (https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/communications-and-networks/for-authors/article-types )
So, they impose no restrictions but as said by many journals always try to be as concise and comprehensive as possible.
Best regards.
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lattice method in scma (wireless communication)
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Murtadha Shukur Thank you so much
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..
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Dear Doctor
"Wireless network protocols also have some drawbacks, such as interference, latency, bandwidth, and range limitations. Wireless signals can be affected by physical obstacles, electromagnetic noise, or other wireless devices, resulting in lower quality or loss of connection. Wireless network protocols also have higher latency than wired networks, meaning they take longer to send and receive data. Wireless network protocols also have limited bandwidth, meaning they can only support a certain amount of data at a time. Wireless network protocols also have limited range, meaning they can only cover a certain distance from the source."
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I am trying to apply machine learning to wireless communication. So I need to generate a BPSK sample data set in Matlab. Is there any special way to generate sample data?I need your help to start it just for a  source-destination direct link. predicting the received data at the destination.
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My work in Telfor 2023 in Belgrade
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How can we adapt the analytical models such as DCF model by Bianchi to the practical wireless systems??
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This paper has observations in its concluding section regarding the accuracy of the Bianchi model for WiFi DCF. It also suggests potential approaches to enhance the Bianchi model's precision. You can access the details here: https://www.tetcos.com/pdf/WiFi-NetSim-results-vs-Bianchi-predictions.pdf.
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Understanding the properties of base stations, such as their location, antenna configuration, transmission parameters, and network topology, is crucial for various research endeavors in the field of wireless communications. Accessing this information can provide valuable insights into network performance, interference patterns, and propagation characteristics, enabling researchers to optimize network deployment.
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Obtaining base station properties for research, such as UMTS cell or LTE cell information, can be challenging due to the proprietary nature of network data and the limitations of publicly available resources. However, there are several approaches you can explore to gather this information:
  1. Data Access Agreements: Collaborate with mobile network operators (MNOs): Establish direct partnerships with MNOs to access their network data. This may involve signing data access agreements (DAAs) that outline the terms of data usage and confidentiality.
  2. Open Data Initiatives: Utilize open data initiatives: Some MNOs and government agencies have launched open data initiatives that provide limited access to network data, including base station locations and technical parameters. Explore initiatives like the OpenCellID project or the FCC's Cell Mapping Initiative.
  3. Third-Party Data Providers: Consider third-party data providers: Specialized companies gather and sell base station data, including information on UMTS and LTE cells. These providers may offer tailored data packages based on your research needs and geographical coverage requirements.
  4. Network Scanning Tools: Employ network scanning tools: Software tools like CellMapper and OpenSignal can be used to scan for nearby base stations and gather information on their cell IDs, frequencies, and signal strengths.
  5. Crowd-Sourced Data Platforms: Leverage crowd-sourced data platforms: Websites like OpenCellID and Network Cell Info gather base station data from user-submitted measurements. While the accuracy and completeness of this data may vary, it can provide a broader overview of base station locations.
  6. Academic Research Collaborations: Engage in academic research collaborations: Collaborate with academic researchers who have access to network data or expertise in gathering and analyzing such data. Joint research projects can provide valuable insights and access to restricted datasets.
  7. Regulatory Agencies: Consult regulatory agencies: Contact relevant regulatory bodies, such as the FCC in the United States or Ofcom in the UK, to inquire about publicly available base station data. They may have access to data that could be relevant for your research.
  8. Specialized Equipment: Utilize specialized equipment: High-end network analyzers and signal monitoring equipment can provide detailed information on base station properties, including frequency bands, modulation schemes, and signal strength measurements.
  9. Data Synthesis and Analysis: Employ data synthesis and analysis techniques: Combine data from various sources, including open data, third-party providers, and your own scans, to create a comprehensive dataset for your research. Develop data analysis techniques to extract meaningful insights from the gathered information.
  10. Ethical Considerations: Adhere to ethical considerations: Obtain necessary permissions, respect privacy, and acknowledge data sources when using base station data for research. Ensure your research complies with ethical guidelines and institutional policies.
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I can't see the IF of this journal on its web site. I want to ask the research community to give their input in this regard.
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As you know the “Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing” (https://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/about/ ) is one of the journals delisted by Clarivate from the WoS indexes ESCI, SCIE etc. see for the complete list for example here https://retractionwatch.com/2023/03/21/nearly-20-hindawi-journals-delisted-from-leading-index-amid-concerns-of-papermill-activity/ as indicated here this means and I quote “Removing a journal from Web of Science means Clarivate will no longer index its papers, count their citations, or give the title an impact factor, which can have negative effects for authors, as universities rely on such metrics to judge researchers’ work for tenure and promotion decisions. The company also suppresses journals from its yearly Journal Citation Report that publishes impact factors, as we’ve reported in the past.”
There is more bad news since the journal is also discontinued from Scopus https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/17543 if you click on “Scopus content coverage” it is clear that in 2021 the journal started to accept and publish suspiciously more papers (all caused by the introduction of more special issues).
There is however also some ‘good’ news in this matter:
-If you look at the Scopus source list (see enclosed file) and click on the tab “Discontinued title Sept. 2023” then it is clear that the coverage in Scopus stops here
Art. No. 9898169 (January 21st 2023) Retracted: Text Mining Based on the Lexicon-Constrained Network in the Context of Big Data meaning that your paper is still indexed in Scopus
-Not entirely sure how this will work with the indexing with Clarivate (I have no access to the database since I have no license) but it would not surprise me if it is more or less the same as with Scopus
-Even if the indexing in WoS does not count for your paper I think there is reason for some optimism that the journal will get the impact factor back in a reasonably short time (since the ‘problem’ is identified and the publishing partner Wiley is having a good reputation)
Hope this clarifies the matter somewhat.
Best regards.
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Currently, there are no standard underwater acoustic channel models like Rayleigh and Rician in terrestrial wireless communication. Suppose we are in the process of developing an underwater acoustic channel model, what are the latest algorithms that can be included to determine the parameters of the model and also to improve the underwater channel efficiency?
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The latest algorithms that can be included in the development of an underwater acoustic channel model include:
  • Deep learning algorithms: Deep learning algorithms have been shown to be effective in modeling complex systems, including the underwater acoustic channel. For example, deep neural networks (DNNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks have been used to model the time-varying nature of the underwater acoustic channel and to predict the transmission loss in different underwater environments.
  • Compressed sensing algorithms: Compressed sensing algorithms can be used to estimate the underwater acoustic channel with fewer samples than traditional methods. This is important for underwater acoustic communication systems, where the bandwidth is limited.
  • Machine learning algorithms: Machine learning algorithms can be used to learn the statistical characteristics of the underwater acoustic channel and to develop models that can predict the channel response. This can be useful for designing underwater communication systems that are robust to channel variations.
Some specific examples of recent algorithms that can be used in underwater acoustic channel modeling include:
  • L0-IPNLMS-constraint-L0 algorithm: This algorithm is a compressed sensing algorithm that has been shown to be effective in estimating the underwater acoustic channel in shallow water environments.
  • Synchronous orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm based on exponential smoothing (ES-SOMP): This algorithm is a deep learning algorithm that can be used to estimate the underwater acoustic channel in time-varying environments.
  • Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based channel model: This algorithm uses a CNN to model the underwater acoustic channel. It has been shown to be more accurate than traditional channel models, especially in complex underwater environments.
These algorithms are still under development, but they have the potential to significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of underwater acoustic channel modeling.
In addition to the above algorithms, researchers are also exploring the use of other machine learning techniques, such as reinforcement learning and transfer learning, to develop more robust and adaptive underwater acoustic channel models.
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Wireless communication application
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There are many factors to consider when selecting the appropriate antenna type for a specific wireless communication application. Some of the most important factors include:
  • Frequency range: The antenna must be able to operate within the frequency range of the wireless communication system.
  • Gain: The antenna's gain determines how much power it can radiate or receive in a particular direction.
  • Polarization: The antenna's polarization must match the polarization of the wireless communication system.
  • Radiation pattern: The antenna's radiation pattern determines how the energy is distributed in space.
  • Size and shape: The antenna's size and shape must be compatible with the physical constraints of the application.
  • Environmental factors: The antenna must be able to withstand the environmental conditions of the application.
  • Cost: The cost of the antenna is an important factor to consider, especially for large-scale deployments.
In addition to these factors, the specific application may have other requirements that need to be considered. For example, a wireless communication system that is used for long-range communication may require an antenna with a high gain. A wireless communication system that is used for indoor communication may require an antenna with a omnidirectional radiation pattern.
By considering all of these factors, you can select the appropriate antenna type for your specific wireless communication application.
Here are some additional factors that may be important in some applications:
  • VSWR: The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is a measure of the match between the antenna and the transmitter or receiver. A low VSWR is desirable, as it minimizes power loss.
  • Bandwidth: The bandwidth of the antenna determines the range of frequencies over which it can operate effectively. A wider bandwidth is desirable for applications that require frequency agility.
  • Durability: The antenna must be able to withstand the physical and environmental conditions of the application. For example, an antenna that is used outdoors must be able to withstand rain, snow, and wind.
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What is the Relation between Absolute Propagation Time (ns) with respect to the Received Power (dBm) at the UE end? I would appreciate if anyone can explain the two graphs and the parameters associated with these graphs. Thanks.
(Two files are attached for reference)
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From the graphs, in Run1, As the absolute propagation time increased to ~ 700ns, no signal was received. Also, the lower received power, (Pr) of -126.8dBm and higher path loss, (PL) of 156.8dB recorded is due to longer propagation path btw the Tx and Rx as compared to Run 2.
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Hi everyone,
I am trying to simulate an M-QAM MIMO system, and I want to decode the received signal using QR decomposition and sphere decoding.
However, I am struggling to understand how to implement the simple tree sphere decoding algorithm.
Here's my understanding so far:
Given a receive signal as follows:
1. Y = HX + N;
where X is a K x 1 vector consisting of K MQAM data symbols, H is a K x K fading matrix, N is a
K x 1 AWGN vector, and Y is the K x 1 received vector.
We perform QR detection as follows:
2. H = QR;
where Q is a K x K Unitary matrix, and R is a upper-triangular matrix with entry R(i, j),
with i and j being the row and column indices respectively.
Then we equalise the receive signal in 1. as:
3. Z = (Q^H)*Y = RX + (Q^H)*N , where Q^H is the Hermitian transpose of Q.
I now want to perform Sphere decoding based on 3. This is where I am struggling.
My best attempt at coding this algorithm in Matlab is shown below (Assuming K = 8, and assuming an arbitrary radius d):
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% ## Inputs:
% # R, upper triangular matrix
% # Z,vector receive signal
% # d, radius of sphere
%
% ## Output
% # X_hat, vector of estimated symbols
n = 8; % n => K
d_vector = zeros(1, n);
d_vector(n) = d;
Upp_bound = zeros(1, n);
Low_bound = zeros(1, n);
minR = d_vector(n);
intersum = zeros(1, n);
intersum(n) = Z(n);
Upp_bound(n) = (d_vector(n) + Z(n))/R(n, n);
Low_bound(n) = (-d_vector(n) + Z(n))/R(n, n);
X_hat = zeros(1, n);
% ## begin algorithm
if Low_bound(n) > Upp_bound(n)
return null;
else
X_hat(n) = Low_bound(n);
end
k = n;
while X_hat(n) <= Upp_bound(n)
if X_hat(k) > Upp_bound(k)
k = k + 1;
X_hat(k) = X_hat(k) + 1;
else
if k > 1
k = k - 1;
d_vector(k) = sqrt(d_vector(k)^2 - (intersum(k + 1) - R(k + 1, k + 1)*X_hat(k + 1))^2);
intersum(k) = Z(k) - R(k, (k + 1):n)*X_hat((k + 1):n);
Upp_bound(k) = (d_vector(k) + intersum(k))/R(k, k);
Low_bound(k) = (-d_vector(k) + intersum(k))/R(k, k);
if Low_bound(k) > Upp_bound(k)
k = k + 1;
X_hat(k) = X_hat(k + 1);
else
X_hat(k) = Low_bound(k);
end
else
while X_hat(k) <= Upp_bound(k)
if minR > norm(Z - R*X_hat, 'fro')^2
X_est_vector = X_hat; %found X_hat
minR = norm(Z - R*X_hat, 'fro')^2;
end
X_hat(k) = X_hat(k) + 1;
end
k = k + 1;
X_hat(k) = X_hat(k) + 1;
end
end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
Please could you tell me where I might be going wrong.
Thank you.
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Here are the steps on how to perform sphere decoding on an MQAM MIMO system:
  1. Generate the transmitted signal. This can be done by generating complex symbols for each transmit antenna and mapping them to the corresponding MQAM constellation points.
  2. Add noise to the received signal. This can be done by generating a noise vector with the same dimensions as the received signal and adding it to the received signal.
  3. Perform QR decomposition on the received signal. This will reduce the received signal to a lower-dimensional space.
  4. Initialize the sphere radius. The sphere radius is a parameter that determines the size of the search space. A larger sphere radius will result in a higher probability of finding the correct solution, but it will also increase the computational complexity of the algorithm.
  5. Start the sphere decoding algorithm. The sphere decoding algorithm will start by finding the closest lattice point to the received signal within the sphere radius. This point will be the initial candidate solution.
  6. Expand the sphere radius. The sphere radius will be expanded until a point is found that is a valid MQAM symbol. This point will be the final solution of the sphere decoding algorithm.
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Hi everyone,
I am trying to derive the error performance of a wireless communications system, and I run into a series of Independent and Identically Distributed (i.i.d.) random variables (RVs) as follows:
Z = X_1 + X_2 + ... + X_N,
where N denotes the number of RVs being summed together. The distribution of each X_1, .., X_N may be Rayleigh, Rice, etc.
Now, I know that the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) can be applied assuming high N, such that the mean of Z becomes:
E[Z] = N*E[X_N],
and the variance of Z becomes:
Var[Z] = N*Var[X_N].
However, in my case, N is not high enough to use CLT. In fact, I am working with N values in the set N = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}.
So my question is, if I am given the CDF (denoted by F_N(t)) and PDF (denoted by f_N(t)) of each X_1, ..., X_N, how do I evaluate the mean and variance of Z? Do you use some sort of convolution property, or something else?
Any help would be appreciated.
Thank you.
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The mean and variance of a series of random variables are two important measures that describe the central tendency and variability of the distribution of the random variables.
The mean of a series of random variables is also called the expected value and is denoted by E(X). It represents the average value of the random variables in the series. The formula for calculating the mean of a series of random variables X1, X2, ..., Xn is:
E(X) = (X1 + X2 + ... + Xn) / n
The variance of a series of random variables is denoted by Var(X) and represents the measure of the spread of the distribution of the random variables around their mean. The formula for calculating the variance of a series of random variables X1, X2, ..., Xn is:
Var(X) = E[(X - E(X))^2] = [(X1 - E(X))^2 + (X2 - E(X))^2 + ... + (Xn - E(X))^2] / n
The square root of the variance is called the standard deviation of the series of random variables and is denoted by σ. The standard deviation represents the typical distance that the random variables in the series deviate from their mean.
Both the mean and variance are important measures in probability theory and statistics, and they can provide valuable insights into the behavior of a series of random variables.
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What is difference between spin-transfer torque nano oscillators and spin-hall nano oscillators?
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Spin Transfer Torque Nano Oscillators (STNOs) and Spin Hall Nano Oscillators (SHNOs) are magnetic nano oscillators driven by spin currents. Still, they differ in how they generate and utilize this spin current.
  1. Spin Transfer Torque Nano Oscillators (STNOs): In STNOs, the spin current is directly injected into the magnetic layer from a spin-polarized current source. This causes a transfer of angular momentum to the magnetization, which can lead to a precessional motion of the magnetization if the current is strong enough. The frequency of this precession can be tuned by adjusting the current, allowing these devices to be used as microwave sources. STNOs can be realized in various structures, such as spin-valves or magnetic tunnel junctions.
  2. Spin Hall Nano Oscillators (SHNOs): SHNOs use the Spin Hall effect to generate a spin current. These devices pass a charge current through a heavy metal layer with a large spin-orbit coupling (such as platinum). The spin Hall effect causes the electrons to deviate from their original path and accumulate on the sides of the layer, creating a transverse spin current. This spin current can then be injected into an adjacent magnetic layer, leading to a precessional motion of the magnetization similar to that in STNOs. The advantage of SHNOs is that they do not require a spin-polarized current source, which makes them potentially more efficient and easier to integrate with conventional electronics.
In summary, the main difference between STNOs and SHNOs lies in the spin current generation and injection method. STNOs inject the spin current directly into the magnetic layer, while SHNOs use the Spin Hall effect to generate a transverse spin current. This can result in differences in efficiency, tunability, and integration possibilities.
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In optical wireless communication, there are two main system architectures:
• Intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)
• Coherent modulation/detection
In IM/DD systems, the optical front-end can only detect the optical intensity while coherent receivers can detect both amplitude and phase.
Discuss how we can benefit from Integrated reflective surfaces in IM/DD and coherent optical wireless systems. For each system type, explain your underlying assumptions and any other essential information to support your arguments.
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In optical wireless communication, there are two main system architectures: Intensity Modulation and Direct Detection (IM/DD) and Coherent Modulation/Detection.
Intensity Modulation and Direct Detection (IM/DD): This architecture utilizes an intensity-modulated optical signal, which is transmitted through the channel. At the receiver end, a photodiode is used to detect the signal, and an electrical signal is recovered using a transimpedance amplifier. The recovered signal is then processed using digital signal processing (DSP) techniques to extract the transmitted information. This architecture is simple and cost-effective, but it has limited performance due to the presence of noise and other channel impairments.
Coherent Modulation/Detection: This architecture utilizes coherent modulation of the optical signal, which involves modulating both the amplitude and phase of the optical carrier. At the receiver end, a coherent detector is used to detect the signal, which involves mixing the received signal with a local oscillator signal. The electrical signal is then processed using DSP techniques to extract the transmitted information. This architecture provides better performance than IM/DD, but it requires complex hardware and is more expensive.
Both architectures have their own advantages and disadvantages, and their suitability depends on the specific application and performance requirements. IM/DD is suitable for short-range applications where cost and simplicity are important factors, while coherent modulation/detection is suitable for long-range applications where high performance is required but at a higher cost.
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Hi everyone!
I want to have expertise opinion abut these.
Will it be cost effective or not?
What about the signal strength (SNR) and system complexity?
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The short answer is no, a MIMO array is much more capable and the IRS will have to be very much larger to achieve similar performance: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.04960.pdf
This study only considers SNR, but MIMO arrays also have better multiplexing capabilities and can manage frequency-selective propagation environments.
IRS is rather a competitor to traditional relaying technology. You basically reduce the power consumption at the relay by making it a larger reflector. It is hard to compare the costs before there are any commercial products.
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Hi everyone,
I wanted to know how to perform Rician fading in matlab.
I have done Rayleigh fading, which is simply:
h = sqrt(1/2)*(randn(1, 1) + 1i*randn(1, 1));
From what I understand so far about Rician fading, it is computed in terms of a Rician factor K, and a scaling parameter Omega (I will assume Omega = 1). It is also computed in terms of Line-of-Sight components and Non-Line-of-Sight components.
So what i did was:
hLOS = sqrt(1/2)*(randn(1, 1) + 1i*randn(1, 1));
hNLOS = sqrt(1/2)*(randn(1, 1) + 1i*randn(1, 1));
h = sqrt(K/(K + 1))*hLOS + sqrt(1/(K + 1))*hNLOS;
I want to confirm if this is correct or not. If it is not, please could someone offer some guidance on how to correct this.
Thank you.
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I don’t think the code is correct since hLOS should only have a random phase, not a random amplitude.
You can write like this:
hLOS = exp(1i*2*pi*rand(1,1));
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How to filter input signal through lognormal shadowing model or kappa mu shadowing model by using a code which generates PDF in Matlab?
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To filter an input signal through a lognormal shadowing model or kappa mu shadowing model and generate a probability density function (PDF) in MATLAB, you can follow these steps:
  1. Generate the input signal that you want to filter.
  2. Define the parameters of the shadowing model that you want to use. For example, for the lognormal shadowing model, you will need to define the mean and variance of the underlying normal distribution. For the kappa mu shadowing model, you will need to define the shape parameter "kappa" and the scale parameter "mu".
  3. Use the built-in MATLAB function for the corresponding shadowing model to generate a shadowing factor sequence that has the same length as the input signal. For example, for the lognormal shadowing model, you can use the "random" function to generate a sequence of random variables from the underlying normal distribution, and then take the exponential of this sequence to get the corresponding shadowing factor sequence.
  4. Filter the input signal by multiplying it element-wise with the shadowing factor sequence.
  5. Generate the PDF of the filtered signal using the built-in MATLAB function "histogram".
Here's an example of how you might use this process for the lognormal shadowing model:
% Generate the input signal
fs = 1000; % sampling frequency
t = 0:1/fs:1-1/fs; % time vector
x = sin(2*pi*100*t) + sin(2*pi*200*t) + sin(2*pi*300*t);
% Define the parameters of the shadowing model
mu = 0; % mean of the underlying normal distribution
sigma = 1; % standard deviation of the underlying normal distribution
% Generate the shadowing factor sequence
shadowing = exp(mu + sigma*randn(size(x)));
% Filter the input signal
y = x .* shadowing;
% Generate the PDF of the filtered signal
nbins = 100;
histogram(y, nbins, 'Normalization', 'pdf');
xlabel('Signal Amplitude');
ylabel('Probability Density');
title('PDF of Filtered Signal');
==================
In this example, the input signal is a sum of three sine waves, and the lognormal shadowing model is used with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. The "shadowing" sequence is generated by taking the exponential of a sequence of random variables from the underlying normal distribution. The input signal is then filtered by element-wise multiplication with the "shadowing" sequence, and the PDF of the filtered signal is generated using the built-in "histogram" function.
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i have transfer functions from two different papers. are they same.
in H=exp(-alpha(f)*l)
here, do we have to put values of f or f is just an function related to alpha.?
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The attenuation coefficient, alpha is a function of frequency f.
alpha (f) means the attenuation coefficient in dB/m at frequency f.
Both the transfer functions are the same. The top function has the value alpha already substituted as 0.05 dB/km for 100 GHz.
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Machine learning, deep learning, wireless, 5G, 6G and communications
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I guess that most people who workin with deep learning are using Python. But I recommend you to make a search at https://paperswithcode.com
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For generating antenna pattern multiplexing when we apply dc biased sinusoidal voltage to the variable reactance of the Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna, the received signal appear as harmonic due to non linear properties resulting loosing signal components? which method can minimize the issue for making the antenna pattern more efficient?
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For creating the multiplexed antenna pattern when I am applying time varying dc biased voltage using antenna pattern multiplexing for creating multi-path antenna pattern which creating non linear signal at the receiver. Non linear characteristics is also required for this method but I have to minimize the it for getting getting better path diversity. For instance lots of researcher used support vector machine/ equivalent weight vector method for getting better results. My question is how I can get efficient results by using the mentioned methods ?
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In many books and papers, they used to use the complex form of the channel effect response. However, in reality, the signal is real values and also the channel.
Is it correct to use the following approximation? (in MATLAB)
% Rayleigh channel fading
eta = 4; %Path loss exponent
d = 200; %Distance from BS to the user
h_var = sqrt(d^-eta); % channel effect variance, mean is zero
h = h_var*randn(1,length(tx))/sqrt(2);
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Even you want to develop both the transmitter and receiver in your simulation, still you only need to do your simulation in baseband to include all effects of the channel. Actually, as I know, none one is doing such simulation in RF band, because all channel effects can represented in baseband simulation, while simulation in RF band is much expensive but provides none extra value.
Let's have a quick review of some concept. In general an RF signal (also referred to as bandpass signal) is:
P(t)=I(t)*cos(w*t)+Q(t)*sin(w*t),
where w is the angular frequency of the RF carrier, I(t) and Q(t) are the in-phase and quadrature-phase components of P(t) which is a real signal. For convenience, usually a complex signal S(t) = I(t)+j*Q(t) is defined and referred to as the baseband signal of P(t). Correspondingly, the bandpass (RF) signal can be expressed as:
P(t) = Real{S(t)*exp(j*w*t)},
where Real{x} stands for the real component of x.
With these notations, when the system (including the transmitter + channel + receiver) is studied, we only need to investigate the baseband signal S(t) and its changes (due to the channel).
In short, what you can do is as follows.
(1) Generate a sequence of baseband QAM symbols (denoted by S(t)).
(2) Generate a sequence of complex Rayleigh fading coefficients, such as
h(t) = a(t)+j*b(t), where a(t) and b(t) are independent Gaussian random processes with proper power spectral density depending on how fast the channel changes.
(3) The received baseband signal is r(t) = s(t)*h(t)+n(t), where n(t) is the optional noise. Your receiver then further works on this baseband signal r(t).
If you really want to see the waveform of the received RF signal, simple take the real component of {r(t)*exp(j*w*t)}.
Hope these helpful to you. Good luck.
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In a signal is to be transmismitted, first pilot symbols are added and then through Mach-zehnder modulator it has to be transmitted for optical communication purposes. So, for pilot symbols, they have to be go through Mach-Zehnder modulator. The output of Mach-Zehnder modulator is E_out=cos(phi); Where phi= ((U+U_dc)/U_pi)*pi. and here, U_dc, U_pi and pi are constant. And U is the information after inserting pilots. This signal E_out is sent through the channel h.
Now, my question is that how should I estimate the channel because the pilot are gone through Mach-Zehnder modulator before the channel. and How should I extract the pilots and estimate the channel? Thank you.
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If we see the series expansion of cos function then how can we find the linear interval? After first term every term is non-linear. I am attaching the series expansion of cos function. If I am missing something in this concept please let me know.
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"Waveguide for port number 1 is too short. The waveguide must be homogeneous for at least three mesh planes along propagation direction" is shown when I run the designed micro-strip antenna by CST software.
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just add 0.50 in all dimensions of selection of the port ...
then problem will be solved...
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Hi everyone,
I am trying to derive the variance of a Random Variable as part of my research.
I wanted to check if I have simplified the expression in the word document attached correctly. In other words, if I take the variance of a sum or difference of linear combinations (series) of random variables, is that equal to the sums of the variances of the random variables, where the different series differ by a constant "alpha" (see the document). Note that the random variable in each series is the same random variable.
I tried deducing this by using a few properties of variance:
1. Var(aX) = a^2 Var(X)
2. Var([series from 1 to n of] X) = n Var(X)
3. Var(aX + bY) = a^2Var(X) + b^2Var(Y), where X and Y are independent RVs.
However, I am not sure if this correct. Please could you check if my understanding of this is correct.
Thank you.
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If X_1,...,X_N are independent random variables, then your derivation is correct.
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Hi everyone,
I am having a problem deriving the variance of a variable which is expressed in terms of a series expression where the sum term is a random variable.
I have attached a word document which illustrates the types of expressions which need to be evaluated in my derivation of the random variable in question. I hope this is clear enough to explain my problem.
I want to know how to evaluate these types of expressions, where the random variable is part of the series term.
Thank You
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If you sum up independent random variables, then the variance of the sum = sum of the variances.
In general, you can expand your sum expression into all the individual terms (products of a variable with itself and with all the cross-terms) and compute the expected value of the individual terms.
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Hi, I am working on UAV deployment in a wireless communication scenario to cache. Does anybody know how to simulate/deploy UAVs in Matlab using weighted or simple k-mean clustering? Below I also attached a snapshot.
Thank you
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Hi Imad,
Here are three links on the subject that will interest you, I think the first link provides a thesis, despite its date 2010 remains current.
Communication among UAVs Thesis in Computer Engineering Jun 2010
Chaoyou Dai Yifei Li Weiming Zhai
Here is a non-exhaustive list of tools can be used as UTSim, FlyNetSim, UAV Toolbox MathWorks including Matlab…
For more details about this subject i suggest you to see links and attached flile on topic.
Article Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Propagation Datalink Tool Based on a...
Best regards
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For polarization diversity in wireless communication, often dual orthogonal polarization antenna is considered. I want to study the effect of non-orthogonal polarization antennas on wireless communication channels.
how to analyze the non-orthogonal polarization antenna effect to make a proper study of polarization diversity in MIMO wireless communication.
kindly suggest any relevant theory or research papers.
Thank you.
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To bring back a non-othogonal polarization to the orthogonal case, you will find you have a Gram-Schmidt correlation matrix to diagonalise m(i,j)= E(Xi Yj). Apply the Gram-Schmidt algorithm, you orthogonalise the reference vectors and get back to orthogonal polarization. The advantage over the orthogonal case from start is that your system can be more stable (through the additional "coupling"). Does it help?
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We know that in the Han-Kobayashi region, the to be transmitted data is divided into two parts, private and common. So, what type of information does these parts contain ?
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As far as I know, there is no difference between the data content in the private and common messages. One simply takes the bit streams to be transmitted (representing any type of data), split them into a private part and a common part, and then encode them as Han-Kobayashi proposed.
The difference lies in that the common message is encoded so it can be decoded at other receivers than the intended one. The purpose of the decoding is not to access its data content (at the application layer) but to remove interference (at the physical layer), and thereby enabling decoding of the messages that are truly of interest.
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In the textbook of Tse "Fundamental of wireless communications", the LOS MIMO channel model is characterized by $H = \alpha \times a(\theta) *a(\gamma)^H $ where a(\cdot)$ is the steering vector. The model uses conjugate transpose while there are other papers use transpose. This has puzzled me a lot. I understand if the transmitt antennas and receive antennas are different, both of them seem to be right. But how about the full-duplex antennas, which one should be right?
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There should be a transpose, not a conjugate transpose.
The same applies when considering uplink/downlink reciprocity: The uplink channel matrix is the transpose of the downlink channel matrix, not the conjugate transpose. The phase represents a propagation delay, and it is the same in both directions, not inverted.
Authors like to ignore this to obtain a more convenient presentation in textbooks and papers where the uplink and downlink are more mathematically symmetric (I've done that myself). But I think this isn't the right way to go if we want people to learn how to implement things in practice.
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I'm looking for an advises regarding Machine Learning methods applied in Wireless books to solve some optimization problems.
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You welcome
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According to my knowledge, the channel estimation is to analyze the channel realization based on the pilot signal, and the channel prediction is to obtain it based on past channel realizations.
Therefore, the channel prediction can be utilized when the pilot signal is contaminated. In other words, the channel prediction is only deserved in the situation when the pilot signals are crashed so that the channel estimation doesn’t work.
Did I understand right? Thank you for your valuable responses in advance.
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I would describe it somewhat differently. In my vocabulary, channel estimation refers to the general concept of utilizing received signals to estimate the channel response. The estimation could be based on pilots, pilots+data or only data (the latter two are known as semi-blind and blind estimation).
Since the channel is changing over time, we need to estimate the channel repeatedly in a wireless system. Normally, we are only trying to estimate the current channel response, but one could also try to estimate future channel responses. This is what we call channel prediction. To succeed, you need an accurate model of the time variations. A Kalman filter is one method that can be used to predict future channels.
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In the context of wireless communication, I have heard people asking will the AI/ML model be trained online/offline? I would like to know what is the difference between these two terms and how they can impact the system performance?
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Interaction with a tutor is a must within a full automated process handled by the digital revolution, the following research is an answer to your question where online interaction reinforces and accelerates learning:
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Hello everyone, I need some channel models MATLAB code to simulate my Underwater Visible Light Communication algorithm. If anybody has some models then please provide. thank you.
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Dear Mohd,
please find a code I made some years ago.
I hope you find it useful
Best regards
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Hey guys,
Please suggest the list of scopus list of journals for VLSI, Wireless networks and Wireless communications (Unpaid and paid)
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Hello venkataraman,
You can check the following link for free and fast publication of scopus journals.
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Dear all,
I am looking for a video lectures for wireless communication by Andrea Goldsmith. The access of these videos is limited on Stanford University website.
if anyone have it (or have a way to download it), Please share it with me
Thank you very much
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Please check the following website:
I also have a you tube channel , please search for Muqaibel
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Since the importance of Machine Learning (ML) is significantly increasing, let's share our opinions, publications, or future applications on Optical Wireless Communication.
Thank you,
Ezgi Ertunc
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Most of the authors presented their work on Mach-Zehnder modulator in fiber optic communication. When I saw Mach-Zehnder Modulator on internet for buying it is showing it with fiber optic cable both sides of Mach-Zehnder Modulator(input and oupt side). My question is that can we use Mach-zehnder modulator for intensity modulation in wireless optical communication? Please help.
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What are the areas in fading channels like TWDP,Rayleigh fading Channel,Nakagami fading Channels?? ....Is pursuing research in this area are limited?Is there is a chance of publishing many papers in this area?
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Wireless channels contain many propagation paths, with different amplitudes and phases. When a device moves around over distances proportional to the wavelength, the phases are changes rapidly and the paths might add constructively or destructively. If one models this statistically, you get a fading distribution.
Depending on the amplitude mix of the paths, different kinds of fading distribution appears. If all paths are equally strong, you will get Rayleigh fading. If one path is much stronger than the others, while the remaining ones are equally strong, you will get Rician fading.
If the fading doesn't match any of those categories, then the Nakagami distribution is a popular one that allows for fine-tuning a distribution to fit with measurements.
It can be of interest to evaluate the performance of communication systems in different fading scenarios, but one should avoid designing algorithms that are too reliant on a particular fading scenario because the distribution can change rapidly in practice. We talked about this in my podcast: https://ma-mimo.ellintech.se/2022/01/19/episode-25-what-models-are-useful/
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I am keen to do research in wireless communication. I would like to know research idea in this field.
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You may develop a novel security protocol or privacy preserving protocol and demonstrate that it is efficient as well
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Both deep learning (DL) and quantum computing (QC) are emerging technologies in the realm of research. Please share your valuable opinion on the following concerns.
  • How DL can be merged with QC?
  • What are the current challenges in the DL-based QC?
  • What are the tentative application areas for DL-based QC?
Thanks for your time.
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Dear Anik Islam Abhi.
Look the link, maybe useful.
Regards,
Shafagat
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For Intensity modulation, I am using external modulation. I want to simulate mach-zehnder modulator based intensity modulation. Please suggest simulation in MATLAB
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If you found something more about MZ coding. Please inform.
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I have an antenna module which is a planar phased array for 5G NR FR2 base station (i.e., BS type 2-O). I need to perform over-the-air (OTA) radiated conformance testing to verify the performance of antenna module to obey specification of 3GPP. Hence, I study the attached file 3GPP TS 38.141-2 V16.10.0.
For transmitter test (chapter 6), the module is connected with a signal generator (SG), which make NR signals generated by SG are emitted through antenna module. And then, a feed antenna is regarded as receiving end and connected with a signal analyzer (SA) and spectrum for analysing received signal. On the other hand, for receiver test (chapter 7), exchange the placements by module and probe antenna to perform conformance testing. The complete transmission and received process run in a CATR or anechoic chamber.
  • How to set parameters (ex. total output power, modulation, operation band, bandwidth, frame structure, single or multi-carrier, subcarrier spacing, TDD or FDD, and so on) of measuring equipment (SG and SA) for radiated conformance testing according to TS 38.141-2? Would you mind take an simple demonstration for test items in section 6.2 and 7.3?
In my opinion, the section 4.7.2, 4.9.2 and Annex A is strongly relate to the setup. (I am confused about difference between intention of test configurations and test model respectively in section 4.7.2 and 4.9.2. I googled other materials (others attached file) about this issue, there is only description about Test Model NR-FR2-TM in test procedure rather than Test Configurations NRTC )
I have some base of communication system but I am short of practical experience of RF measurement, so this problem maybe is not an easy question to answer. If you cannot answer by a few words, please provide clues or direction of search.
Many thanks for your answer.
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Ryan Kao Based on your attachments I assume you are procuring R&S instruments. If you look at section 2.4 in both the attachments, it lists the devices and options required to conduct the tests. [This is just one example from the documents.] Typically, such capablities are licensed software options that must be purchased with the instrument (or even a later purchase of license can enable the feature!).
It will be best to go through the instrument documents, which are quite tedious to navigate through; you may save some time by reaching out to the vendor application engineer (AE) who might be interacting with your department/ institute. Understanding the test environment system is key to correct test execution and measurement.
If you need some insight into RF measurements in general, you may want to check out my book "RF & μWave Measurements: For Design, Verification and Quality Control", which is available at select amazon marketplaces. However, it does not address your 3GPP specific question.
/rgds
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If so, we're hiring! - come and join our team to help develop the next generation of intelligent, wearable drug delivery devices. Research opportunities now available in microsensor integration, transdermal delivery and microfludics, and system electronics/communications. Further details available from Dr Conor O'Mahony - feel free to discuss with us!
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That's a very interesting research domain. I wish you best of luck
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In your opinion, what are the interesting and worthy topics for research in wireless communication systems?
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Thesis topics Wireless Systems 2019-2020
5G telecommunications: on-body massive MIMO virtual array design.
A visible light positioning network planner.
Accurate indoor human positioning system by combining Visible Light and Radio Frequency signals.
Agricultural IoT data collection for wide crop fields.
Regards,
Shafagat
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Could any one please help me in suggesting some resources where I could find a comparison curve between signal strength after Multi Path propagation effect with respect to obstacle positions between transmitter and receiver.
After conduction some experiment I found that the effect was greater near Rx or Near Tx but lesser when the obstacle is in same distance from Rx and Tx. Why such phenomena happens?
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I suppose this depends on what kind of obstacles you are considering and how they are affecting the signals. If you consider an object that is scattering the signal, then the pathloss will be proportional to (d_1*d_2)^2 where d_1 is the distance from the transmitter to the obstacle and d_2 is the distance from the obstacle to receiver. For a given total propagation distance d_1+d_2, it follows that the pathloss is at its smallest when the scattering object is close to the transmitter or the receiver.
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Hello
I am going through some digital communication literature, where some research papers have used the following formula to calculate the sum rate
Sum_rate=Summation (log2(1+SINR(i)) eq.1
My confusion is as follows:
1. Why is bandwidth(B) not included i.e. B.log2(1+SINR)
2. What will be the units (e.g. bps/Kbps/Mbps etc) if eq.1 is used.
Thanks
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That sum rate expression is measured in bit/s/Hz. If you multiply with the bandwidth, you get it in bit/s.
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Hello, i am searching for some new innovation points in 6G about networking slice recently.
I want to know what updates will be made to network slicing in 6G, which cannot do well in 5G.
(Maybe about architectures, methodologies, algorithms, and combination with other 6G new technologies.)
Can you recommend me some good ideas, innovation points or papers( and white papers), thank you.
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Dear Zhenkang Zheng,
the future virtual 6G networks in the form of 6G slices will definitely be set up as "Software-Defined and Open Programmable 6G Slices". The idea of SRv6 Network Programming as the basic principles for the programmability of 6G slices is specified in the Internet Standard RFC 8986.
I have attached a short list of sources of information.
Best regards and good luck
Anatol Badach
European Vision for the 6G Network Ecosystem; DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5007671
Petar D. Bojović, Teodor Malbasic, Goran Martić, Zivko Bojovic: „Toward 6G networks: Dynamic management for multi-slice QoS“
Wen Wu, Conghao Zhou, Mushu Li, Huaqing Wu, Haibo Zhou, Ning Zhang, Xuemin (Sherman) Shen, Weihua Zhuang: AI-Native Network Slicing for 6G Networks
Amin Shahraki, Mahmoud Abbasi, Md. Jalil Piran, Amir Taherkordi: „A Comprehensive Survey on 6G Networks: Applications, Core Services, Enabling Technologies, and Future Challenges“
European Vision for the 6G Network Ecosystem
Jie Dong: SRv6 based Network Slicing
Gaps, features and enablers for 5G/6G service management and orchestration
RFC 8986: Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) Network Programming
SRv6 – IPv6 Segment Routing Figure 009239: Basic idea of SRv6 Network Programming
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Recently, I focus on UAV-enabled air-to-air wireless communications, in which the UAVs are flying at an altitude of 60~150 m. In this case, which channel model is more applicable? Intuitively, I think the LoS channel is suitable since there should be no obstacles at this high altitude. Is my idea correct? Could you provide me with some references, thank you very much for your help!
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Dear Jiahui Li ,
If there is no obstacles in the path between the transmitter and the receiver and the medium is air then then the channel is for sure a line of sight.
If there is reflection from the ground to the receiver then there will be multi path effect. In this case one would model the channel by Rician model.
Both model are treated intensively in the literature. I think by skilled antenna directing to the UAV one can reduce the reception of the reflected radiation from the ground.
Best wishes
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Please guide me about the difference between SINR threshold and Minimum discernable signal.
From my search I have come across the following.
1) A signal can be decoded if the SINR of the received signal is higher than the SINR threshold. Does it mean that we should not be concerned about the minimum required power, and that if the received signal satisfies the SINR threshold, it will be successfully decoded?
2) I also have come across the idea of minimum discernable level. For instance -70 db is considered acceptable for some types of communication.
Which of the two I should follow. As in the first case, I get very low transmit powers and still satisfy the SINR threshold, while the transmit powers in the 2nd case are way too high compared to the first case.
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Dear Gul Lakhta ,
There is something basic which you you would like to consider. From the point view of the signals, the interference signal acts in a similar way to noise. When it is added to the symbol signal it will cause that it may be falsely detected if its value is increases such that the combined signal will be located in the neighboring decision regions of the adjacent symbols in the constellation diagram. So the interference and noise have the same effect in the symbol error.
Therefore one speaks not only from S/N ratio but also from the S/(N+I).
The noise has Gaussian amplitude distribution while the interference may not have such distribution because of the nature of the interference.
The interference signal sources are normally known and then they can be subtracted from the composite signal. If after interference cancellation there will be residual interference it will be treated as a noise concerning its effect on the symbol error. In the sense that it will set the S/I +N minimum level to achieve specific bit error rate. You see if N=0 then S/I will set this minimum.
Hope I could answer satisfactorily you question.
Best wishes