Wind Energy - Science topic

For the first time ever at the end of July 2024, more energy was generated in the European Union from renewable energy sources than from fossil fuels. This fact may suggest that due to rapidly developing renewable energy sources, the European Union may achieve zero-carbon of its economy much sooner than 2050. However, the structure of energy sources, including renewable, zero-carbon and emission-based, fossil-fuel-burning energy sources, varies widely across the European Union. Also, the pace of development of individual renewable and emission-free energy sources, the scale of financial investment and the large-scale use and implementation of new green energy technologies and eco-innovation varies considerably across the European Union. On the one hand, in Norway, for example, almost all of the energy generated comes from renewable energy sources. On the other hand, in Poland, since the beginning of the systemic and economic transformation, since 1989, for more than 3 decades financial subsidies were provided from the state's public finance system mainly to the fossil fuel extraction sector and the energy sector based on the combustion of these fuels. As a result, today in Poland, almost 3/4 of the electricity and even more of the thermal energy is still generated from dirty combustion energy based mainly on burning hard coal and lignite. In addition, hard coal mining in Poland within the framework of deep, highly methane mines, especially deep seams for many years is no longer profitable and generates additional costs for the state's public finances. It should be added that 90 percent of coal burned in the European Union to heat homes, apartments, etc. is the share of Poland alone against the background of the aforementioned European Union. And, for example, in Germany, which has a much more developed renewable and emission-free energy sector, for many years housing cooperatives have been generating thermal energy to heat apartments, entire housing estates from renewable energy sources, such as using heat pumps powered by electricity generated from photovoltaic panels. So Poland has a lot of work to do in terms of green energy transition. Unfortunately, the plan to build the first nuclear power plant is once again being postponed by the next government in Poland to an undefined and distant future.

I described the key aspects of a closed-loop economy, including a green, sustainable economy, in my article:

In the following article, I included the results of the research I conducted on the connection of the issue of sustainable development, the genesis and meaning of the Sustainable Development Goals, the essence of sustainable development in the context of social, normative, economic, environmental, climate, as well as human rights aspects, etc. The research also addressed the issue of key determinants of human existential security as an element of the concept of sustainable development.

I invite you to familiarize yourself with the issues described in the publications given above and to scientific cooperation in these issues.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What do you think about this topic?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

2025 4th International Conference on Smart Grid and Green Energy (ICSGGE 2025) February 28th – March 2nd, 2025 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Technically Co-sponsored by IEEE & IEEE New South Wales Section Organizer: School of Information Systems and Technology Management, UNSW Co-organizers: Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya Global Energy Research Institute, AEIC Academic Exchange Information Center Media Supporter: <Energy Conversion and Economics> Official Website: https://ais.cn/u/Rzqi6r The University of New South Wales is honored to host the 4th International Conference on Smart Grid and Green Energy (ICSGGE 2025). Set against the backdrop of vibrant Sydney, Australia, this prestigious conference invites researchers, scientists, engineers, and scholars from around the world to converge for an enriching exchange of insights from February 28th to March 2nd, 2025. Objective: ICSGGE 2025 aims to serve as a distinguished platform for the presentation and discussion of innovative research in the domains of Smart Grid and Green Energy. We are dedicated to fostering a collaborative environment that promotes the exchange of experiences, pioneering ideas, and practical solutions to challenges faced in the evolution of sustainable energy systems. Call for Contributions: We invite the submission of original research papers, case studies, and reviews that address various aspects of Smart Grid and Green Energy, including but not limited to: Advanced smart grid systems, technologies, and methodologies Renewable energy integration and energy storage solutions Energy efficiency and demand-side management Power system management, control, and stability Sustainable and intelligent energy policies Cybersecurity and privacy in smart grid technologies Data analytics and machine learning applications in energy systems Emerging trends in green energy and smart infrastructure

Submission Guidelines: Authors are invited to submit manuscripts electronically in accordance with the guidelines outlined on the conference website. All submissions will undergo a rigorous peer-review process to ensure the highest standards of quality and relevance. Publication: Accepted papers will be published in the IEEE Xplore Digital Library and will be indexed by EI COMPENDEX and SCOPUS, providing significant visibility and outreach to the broader academic and professional communities. Important Dates: Submission Deadline: January 24, 2025 Notification of Acceptance: Februry 1, 2025 Camera-Ready Submission: Februry 21, 2025

Join us at ICSGGE 2025 to share your knowledge, explore groundbreaking advances, and contribute to the transformative discussions shaping the future of Smart Grid and Green Energy. For more details, please visit the conference website:

We eagerly anticipate your contributions and look forward to welcoming you to an academically stimulating and enlightening conference in Sydney!

Dear ResearchGate Team,

I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to express my interest and request more publications focused on wind turbine blade repair and inspection tools, equipment, methodologies, and technologies on ResearchGate.

As someone deeply involved in the wind energy sector, particularly in wind turbine blade maintenance and repair, I have noticed a significant gap in accessible literature and research papers addressing the latest advancements, best practices, and innovative solutions in this critical area.

Given the rapid growth of the wind energy industry globally, there is a pressing need for more scholarly articles, case studies, and technical reports that can contribute to improving the efficiency, sustainability, and safety of wind turbine operations through enhanced blade repair and inspection practices.

I believe that facilitating greater access to research on these topics will benefit professionals like myself and support the broader community of researchers, engineers, and technicians striving to advance the field.

Could you please consider prioritizing and encouraging researchers to publish their findings related to:

Your support in promoting and disseminating knowledge in this area would be invaluable to professionals and organizations committed to optimizing wind turbine performance and sustainability.

Thank you for considering my request. I look forward to your response and any guidance you can provide on how we can collectively contribute to filling this knowledge request for more publications about wind turbine blade repair and inspection.

Best Regards,

Koray ALTINKILIC

The Total deformation of my onshore wind turbine model is not changine when I am changing the cohesion, angle of internal friction and unit weight of the soil.

Therefore I tried to check reaseon of the error on a sample model made of steel by changing material propertiies of Steel. The load of 945 Pa is constant. The bottom of the model is fixed but the total Deformation of the top face of the model is not changing when changing the material properties as in the table attatched.

ANSYS, ANSYS Workbench, Steel, Wind turine

Only about 13.5 percent of renewable energy in 2023 was generated from windmills in Poland. This is the largest share of all types of renewable energy sources in Poland. If the government of the so-called “united right”, i.e. the government composed mainly of right-wing PIS political options, which was functioning in Poland in 2015-2023, had not blocked the development of onshore energy in Poland in 2016, this share could now be several times higher, energy prices much lower, the security and energy independence of the Polish energy sector would have stood at a much higher level. But the PIS government, which was acting at the time, preferred to support the development of dirty coal power. Paradoxically, since 2016, the production of electricity from wind or solar was already perceptibly cheaper compared to the production of energy generated by burning fossil fuels, including, for example, coal and lignite. And in the following years this trend steadily deepened. In this way, the PIS government acted not only anti-economically but also anti-climatically, anti-environmentally and anti-socially. Besides, this kind of energy policy contradicts the European Union's climate and environmental policy, the EU's New Green Deal. Unfortunately, not much has changed on this issue since 2023. The new political option, which won the parliamentary elections on 15.10.2023 in large part thanks to the slogans applied during the election campaign of significantly increasing the scale of implementation of the processes of green transformation of the economy, including the protection of nature, climate and biodiversity of natural ecosystems, changing the robbery pseudo-management of forests to sustainable pro-environmental forest management, increasing the scale of afforestation, reducing the robbery felling of trees and old-growth forests, increasing the areas of strict protection of natural biodiverse ecosystems, etc. unfortunately, still does not implement the election promises made to citizens, voters. The development of renewable energy sources will probably accelerate in the coming years in connection with the relatively highest compared to renewable energy and rising prices of energy produced from burning coal, and in connection with the fact that additional financial subsidies from the European Union within the framework of the National Reconstruction Plan are finally appearing in Poland, which are mainly intended according to the guidelines of the European Union for the continuation of green energy transformation processes implemented in accordance with the EU Green Deal. Thanks to this, the process of green energy transformation which is one of the key segments of the process of green transformation of the economy is being implemented at all although on a relatively small scale, but at some pace.

I am conducting research on this issue. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I am looking to predict some production for future onshore wind energy production in Portugal, is there any database with info of performances of the existing wind farms in the country? something like: Overview of the energy sector | The Danish Energy Agency (ens.dk

In recent years, energy prices in Poland have been rising rapidly, which has been mainly due to the dominance of dirty combustion energy in the energy mix of energy sources, low expenditures on the modernization of the infrastructure of energy transmission networks and the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources, and the still ongoing practice of allocating large financial subsidies from the state's public finance system to maintain economically unviable deep coal mines and combustion energy installations. When energy prices are high, one of the negative consequences of this is higher costs for industrial production and for offering services. Thus, by high energy prices, industries in a certain country become less competitive with industries in other countries. For example, high energy prices in Poland, which are caused by the archaic structure of energy sources mainly based on dirty combustion energy, cause a decrease in the competitiveness of Polish industry in relation to the industry of the US and China, where green, pro-climate and pro-environmental investments in energy and other sectors of the economy are being developed on a large scale. In this economic race for the smooth implementation of the green transformation of energy and other sectors of the economy, those countries that will be the first and on the largest scale to implement the process of green transformation of the economy will win, then thanks to this the price of energy in these countries will quickly fall, industries will become more competitive in terms of production and cost, and in these countries industry will develop to the greatest extent and these countries will win economically in the 21st century. If the process of green transformation of energy and other sectors of the economy is not significantly accelerated in the next few years, the industry in Poland will become even more uncompetitive with the industry of China, the US and other countries in the future. The result will be a slowdown in the country's economic development and, in the next few years, perhaps a serious economic, financial and debt crisis in the state's public finance system. However, if the economic policy in Poland is appropriately modified and the issue of green energy transformation is seriously considered in it, then in the perspective of the next few years there should be a significant decline in energy prices, industrial production costs will fall and domestic industrial production will become more competitive, which will be an important element of effective economic development.

The key issues of the problematic sources of Poland's exceptionally deep energy cross in 2022 are described in my co-authored article below:

Key aspects of the green transformation of the economy as an important segment of building a green, sustainable economy are described in my article:

I invite you to familiarize yourself with the issues described in the publications given above, as well as to scientific cooperation in these issues.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion about it?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Due to the shifting ocean currents, the planet could be thrown off balance, altering the angle of rotation, and even causing the axis to shift, plunging us into chaos. In reality, it doesn't take much energy to achieve this. Indeed, it is known that the magnetic north has shifted, and possibly with it, the geographic north. If this is the case, the risk of climate change is far greater than we ever anticipated.

I think it should be studied. To make more dramatic and center attention, I have draw a picture where the North pole is located close to Monaco

Wind turbines extract a lot of energy, about 30-35%, that passes through.

Now they are building a lot of them, more and more powerful.

Change wind trajectory is easy, if a lot of obstacles is in its trajectory, it goes to upper layer

Stop wind rises A LOT temperatures, as happens in cities with tall buildings

Wind also decrease water temperature when passing over it. In Malaga now the sea water temperture in August reach 30ºC, that is more than 10º over previous years and wind do not refresh at night

And at last, wind distributes the temperature avoiding large differences

In recent days (end of May 2024) in the country where I operate, weather aura conditions have been favorable for the production of clean energy generated mainly through renewable and emission-free energy sources. Accordingly, it was reported that a record amount of clean, emission-free energy was generated in Poland on 27.5.2024 from renewable and emission-free energy sources, including mainly photovoltaics and wind. It's just a pity that much of this energy has gone to waste, as the dominant companies in the energy market have for many years ignored the need to invest in the development of transmission grids and storage facilities for energy from new photovoltaic and windmill installations put up on rooftops by prosumer citizens. Paradoxically, however, the share of renewable and zero-emission energy in the overall energy mix in Poland is still relatively low, amounting to only about 1/4 of the energy source mix, as a result of years of subsidizing from the state's public finance system the development of dirty combustion energy based on the generation of energy from the combustion of fossil fuels while blocking and restricting the development of RES. Paradoxically, when the development of onshore wind energy was blocked in Poland in 2016, it was already clear from a number of analyses and studies conducted in various research centers operating in different parts of the world that since the middle of the 2nd decade of the 21st century, clearly the cheapest energy is wind and solar energy, and the most expensive energy production is dirty combustion energy based on burning coal and lignite. Since the middle of the 2nd decade of the 21st century, the aforementioned gap between steadily, year by year cheap photovoltaic technology and other energy eco-technologies, cheap RES energy production and more expensive energy produced from burning fossil fuels has been growing steadily. This issue is particularly important because there may be further energy crises in the future, such as those that occurred in the 1970s and in 2022. The demand for electricity production will also grow in the future. Paradoxically, the ongoing process of global warming will also contribute to an increase in energy demand in the future. The various types of projects, processes and activities that are being launched to reduce the scale of the negative effects of the progressive global warming process, such as the production and use of refrigeration equipment, equipment for obtaining clean water in the situation of increasingly frequent periods of drought, desalination of seawater, in addition to the development of electromobility, etc., will consume large amounts of additional energy, which is already starting to run out at times. In the context of these aggravating problems, there is a growing importance of systems and instruments to help and/or facilitate the management of energy production and use, taking into account the optimization of production from specific, different types of energy sources, under conditions of changing weather and climatic conditions and the existing structure of different energy sources, including renewable and non-renewable, sustainable and combustion, emission-free and emission-free energy, etc., within a specific, occurring mix of energy sources in the country. The various different energy sources are significantly different in terms of various determinants, which include varying levels of variability in energy production caused by objective external factors, e.g. changes in weather conditions, significant variation in the necessary financial outlays that are incurred in the investment processes for the construction of a particular type of power plant or electric and/or thermal power plant, variation in the period of implementation of investment projects for the construction of power plants generating energy within the framework of renewable or non-renewable energy sources, local and national natural and geological conditions conditioning the possibility of building a particular type of power plant, variation in the economic and technological development of the country, equipment of the financial system with financial capital that can be applied to support the development of investments in the energy sector, etc. In view of the above, new ICT and Industry 4.0/5.0 information technologies, including but not limited to generative artificial intelligence and Big Data Analytics technologies, may prove helpful in optimizing energy production under different types of energy sources and optimizing the investment processes carried out within the power sector. The research shows that new technologies of artificial intelligence and Big Data Analytics can help optimize the production and use of energy generated from various energy sources within the existing specific structure of the mix of energy sources in the national energy sector, as well as optimize investment processes for the construction of specific types of power plants, energy-generating power plants, investments in the development of transmission networks, energy storage, etc. The key issue, therefore, will be how the integrated information systems built from modules equipped with the aforementioned new technologies will be designed and built so that the processes of optimizing the level of energy production from certain different sources operating within the national energy source mix; optimizing energy transmission, consumption and storage; and optimizing the investment processes in which various investment projects for the construction of power plants and energy-generating power plants within different types of energy sources are implemented simultaneously.

I described the key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology in my article below:

I described the applications of Big Data technologies in sentiment analysis, business analytics and risk management in my co-authored article:

I described the key issues concerning the problem of green transformation of the economy in the following article:

The key issues of the problematic sources of Poland's exceptionally deep energy cross in 2022 are described in my co-authored article below:

I invite you to familiarize yourself with the issues described in the above-mentioned publications and to scientific cooperation in these issues.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Unfortunately, this is still the case in many countries, that the political lobbying by large fossil fuel burning energy companies to maintain the status quo continues to limit or block the possibility of rapid development of green, clean, prosumer energy, where energy is generated from renewable and emission-free energy sources on the basis of small power plants based on photovoltaic technology, windmills, etc. built by citizens or companies striving for energy independence. Prosumers of electricity, i.e. citizens and companies that, for example, install photovoltaic panels on their homes, property buildings, company office buildings, on the one hand, are a kind of small energy producers and consumers. Typically, large energy companies, through political lobbying, have established an obligation to connect prosumer mini-generators that produce energy from specific renewable and/or zero-emission energy sources to transmission grids operated by large, dominant energy companies, often with monopolistic practices. The obvious point is that excess energy produced by prosumers, once discharged into transmission grids managed by large power companies, can be used by other energy consumers. However, when large power companies are treated as second-class entities in the financial settlement of the energy produced by prosumers and discharged into publicly available transmission networks, when in the aforementioned settlement they do not receive the financial equivalent of the energy produced at the same rates that are applied to them when they buy energy from large power companies, it may be in the interest of prosumers who are treated unfairly in this way to become independent of these large, dominant power companies. In addition, the problem is exacerbated by the frequent situations in which large, dominant companies in the energy sector, energy corporations are very slow to implement, or do not implement at all, green energy transition processes and continue to generate energy from burning fossil fuels. Thus, in spite of the constantly cheap photovoltaic and other renewable energy technologies, in spite of the much cheaper production of energy from RES against conventional combustion energy, the processes of green energy transformation are still progressing too slowly, greenhouse gas emissions are still high and the process of global warming is still progressing rapidly. The solution to the above problem would be the introduction of legal regulations that would allow energy prosumers to function in a kind of closed circuit independently of the influence of large energy corporations with possible simultaneous connection to electricity transmission networks managed by the aforementioned large energy corporations that dominate the energy sector. The aforementioned connection to the transmission networks of prosumer RES installations would provide the possibility of draining the periodically generated surplus energy, so that there would be an opportunity to transfer this energy to other energy consumers who do not have their own RES installations and/or who, for specific reasons, have a periodic energy deficit. Besides, this type of solution could significantly generate a decrease in energy prices on the one hand and increase the level of national energy independence and energy security on the other. In a situation where a significant proportion of energy prosumers, i.e., citizens and companies operating in various energy sectors and industries, would have their own energy sources operating under different types of renewable and zero-emission energy sources, a large diversity in the mix of different energy sources would also, on the one hand, be an important factor in energy security. On the other hand, thanks to this solution, the process of green transformation could, in real terms, significantly accelerate.

For example, in Poland in recent years, green energy based on photovoltaics is mainly developed by citizens, prosumers, individual customers, who are at the mercy of large, dominant energy companies managing transmission networks. The travesty of this solution is that these large energy companies have lobbied for the introduction of regulations according to which prosumer photovoltaic installations and other mini RES power plants must be connected to the aforementioned power transmission grids, while these grids are mostly built many years ago on the basis of already outdated technologies and are unable to accept surplus energy from prosumers when the sun suddenly sets and the wind blows a little stronger than usual. Recently, there have also been situations in which the authorities set up for this purpose have slowed down the processes of issuing approvals for new connections to the transmission grid of successively created by prosumers photovoltaic and/or other mini RES power plants. The paradox of the situation that has arisen is also that many entrepreneurs in various industries and sectors of the economy are interested in becoming energy prosumers in order to build photovoltaic and/or wind energy-based power plants near their company or enterprise, but the problems mentioned above are the reason why still few entrepreneurs choose to do so. Another paradox is that financial subsidies are available, including grants from the National Recovery Plan for the development of prosumer RES power plants, but the aforementioned problems are a key factor inhibiting the possibility of accelerating the realization of the green energy transition, in which prosumer RES-based power plants could account for a large share. From surveys conducted among entrepreneurs running their companies and/or businesses in various sectors and industries of the economy, that they would be willing to become prosumers of energy generated from their own RES power plants, and would thus be eager to change their business by greening it, by increasing the scale of application of sustainable development goals, by adding the idea of green business to the company's mission, as it is known that the pro-climate, pro-environmental, pro-environmental awareness of citizens, i.e. customers of their product and/or service offerings, is constantly growing.

I am conducting research on this issue. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:

The key issues of the problematic sources of Poland's exceptionally deep energy cross in 2022 are described in my co-authored article below:

I invite you to familiarize yourself with the problems described in the publications given above and to scientific cooperation in this field.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Due to economic development, including the development of energy-intensive industries and services, the demand for electricity is gradually increasing.

In addition, the development of electromobility is becoming an important factor in the growth of electricity demand. With the developing economy becoming a knowledge-based economy, an information economy, an economy in which the scale of implementation of new ICT, Industry 4.0/5.0, including the development of data centers using Big Data Analytics, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, Blockchain, etc. is growing rapidly, then in addition, the demand for energy is also growing rapidly. Another factor that is already increasing and will continue to increase the demand for electricity in the future is the process of ongoing global warming resulting in increased use of cooling equipment. On the other hand, the pace of energy development, including, first and foremost, energy that meets the guidelines of climate policy based on renewable and emission-free energy sources is not sufficient.

As a result, the energy deficit gap is growing every year, and will unfortunately continue to grow in the coming years unless appropriate reforms are undertaken and the green transformation processes of the energy sector are accelerated. In addition, the importance of this issue is particularly high in countries where types of energy sources such as nuclear power are underdeveloped or not developed at all is particularly important. Nuclear power is the type of energy sources that can act as an intermediate stage in the process of green transformation of the economy involving the replacement of conventional energy sources based on the combustion of fossil fuels with fully emission-free, climate and environmentally clean energy sources. In addition, countries where, for geographical, natural and geological reasons, it may be difficult to develop certain types of renewable energy such as limited opportunities for the construction of hydroelectric power plants due to the small scale of diversity in terms of terrain, few rivers and certain geological reasons, have a difficult situation in the implementation of the process of green transformation of the economy. A significant further factor not conducive to reducing the scale of the growing energy deficit gap may be the unreliable, short-sighted, haphazard, non-strategic energy, climate and environmental policies, in which there are even situations of limiting and/or blocking the development of certain types of renewable and carbon-free energy sources. An example is the blocking of the development of onshore wind energy in Poland in 2016 through the introduction of Law 10h, resulting in a strong increase in coal imports and a significant slowdown in the green energy transition. The result is that Poland's energy production is still significantly dominated by conventional power generation based on the combustion of fossil fuels, mainly coal and lignite, which accounts for more than 70 percent of Poland's total energy production. Paradoxically, even this relatively small share of RES power generation can, under favorable natural and climatic conditions, provide more than the usual amount of energy, much of which is wasted because it is not accepted by the dominant power industry, including government-controlled energy companies functioning as state-owned companies. The argument that is given by these large power companies to this anachronistic, irrational situation is the years-long lack of investment in the development of electricity transmission networks. Paradoxically, over the past 3 decades of time, most of the funds coming from the state's public finance system have been allocated to subsidizing unprofitable coal and lignite mines and maintaining the power plants where the aforementioned coal is burned.

The reason that in the past the development of renewable and emission-free sources of energy has been limited and even blocked is that nowadays there are more and more absurd situations of sorts, where during sunny and windy weather from prosumers, photovoltaic panels and household wind turbines installed by citizens on the roof of their homes, there is an above-average increase in electricity production, but all the energy generated is not used by energy companies due to the lack of adequately developed infrastructure of transmission networks and the lack of established energy storage facilities, batteries, a significant part of the energy generated from RES goes to waste, and in other months it happens to buy energy from other countries, when there is a periodic shortage of energy due to the growing demand for energy. The paradox and economic irrationality of this situation also lies in the fact that energy prices are steadily rising, and the cheapest sources of energy generated from wind and solar power are too slowly being developed.

As a result, energy policy, and also climate and environmental policy, in the country where I operate is being conducted chaotically, strategically and short-sightedly. The guidelines of the European Union's Green Deal are largely ignored, and this is despite the available financial subsidies from the European Union, which should be allocated to the green transformation of the energy sector. In addition, subsidies for combustion power generation based mainly on coal and lignite continue to dominate, which translates into high energy prices, poor air quality and the postponement of the implementation of the plan to build a sustainable, green, zero-emission closed-loop economy, an essential element of which is to build a zero-emission power industry based on RES.

In addition, there is almost no research, analysis and implementation work on new innovative energy technologies such as those based on hydrogen power technology, cold fusion technology, etc.

I am conducting research in this area. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:

The key issues of the problematic sources of Poland's exceptionally deep energy cross in 2022 are described in my co-authored article below:

I invite you to study the problems described in the above-mentioned publications and scientific cooperation in this issue.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Monopolistically operating large energy companies, including mainly government-controlled state-owned companies, apply pricing policies that are not conducive to the development of renewable energy sources in the form of small household power plants set up by citizens, who would thus become prosumers of electricity. This point is also confirmed by the pricing policy applied by these large energy companies, which are government-controlled SOEs in the context of the 2022 energy crisis. In addition, it has happened over the past few years that in areas where such power plants have been set up as part of solar or wind power, they have produced so much electricity in situations of high sunshine or strong winds that the technologically outdated and underinvested transmission power grids have not been able to absorb this electricity produced by prosumer citizens. This is a kind of paradoxical and almost surreal situation in a country facing a serious energy crisis in 2022 due to the still existing archaic energy model based 3/4 on the production of electricity and even more on thermal energy from burning coal and lignite. It is therefore necessary to develop independent, local cooperatives running small renewable energy power plants, i.e. independent of large energy companies, including government-controlled state-owned companies with monopolistic pricing policies, limiting the development of renewable energy sources by citizens and increasingly portraying themselves in the media in advertising and umbrella campaigns as green, generating energy mainly from renewable energy sources which is at variance with the facts, so is an example of greenwashing. In view of the above, the development of local cooperatives operating small renewable energy power plants can significantly reduce the scale of monopolistic participation of large energy companies in the entire energy sector and thus can significantly increase the energy security of citizens and the security of the national energy sector.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion on this?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

What is the best approach to design an H infinity controller for a linear model of a wind energy conversion system, with the goal of simulating it in Simulink? Any specific methods or tools recommended for implementation?

I need to implement it

Except for drying processes, other uses of solar energy can affect global climate change.!

Why Power Converter in DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion is Partial Scaled? Why it should not be full Scaled? (Technical Answer, rather cost!)

100 large internal combustion transport ships emit as much CO2 as a million internal combustion cars. Transport ships are already being built that are equipped with alternative, lower- or zero-emission energy sources and modern sails, in addition to high-emission internal combustion power. Unfortunately, power supply based solely or mainly on such emission-free energy sources such as solar energy based on installed photovoltaic panels is currently used only on small ships, catamarans, boats, etc. On large transport ships, both passenger and cargo ships, this type of power supply can be a supplementary power supply to provide the ship with electricity used in some of the on-board equipment. Besides, technologies are being developed to power transport ships with low-carbon biofuels, nuclear or hydrogen power. However, regardless of the type of power supply used to generate electricity and/or energy to power the engines that drive the ship's turbines, it is almost always also possible to use modern sailing structures, which will be an additional source of energy based on the most traditional source of energy that enables the movement of sea vessels, which is wind energy. In addition, modern sails can also be covered with photovoltaic panels, so they can also significantly increase the area on which the said panels are installed and thus will also be a source of electricity.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion on this topic?

And what is your opinion about it?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Are the wind energy potential and wind energy generation capacity the same?

If they are different, what are the units?

Hi OpenFOAM users! I found that using the actuationDiskSource there is a small jump in the velocity field near the actuator disc cells. I couldnt found a solution on internet. Any help?

Is it possible to obtain it?

I need to submit my manuscript to a journal with fast publication-it can be paid-. The paper is about fluid Mechanics related to wind turbine aerodynamic prediction using numerical method.

Christian B，Frederik Z，Robert B，et al.Description of the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine [R].Denmark：DTU Wind Energy Laboratory，2013.

I am simulating the Microgrid consisting of PV, Wind, energy storage, and load. The load profile is abruptly varying even though I have predefined it. I tried to fix it using the battery controller but failed to fix the problem.

While practicing the load cases in the publication "Design Load Basis for Offshore Wind Turbines - DT Wind Energy Report No. E-0133", a question came to me when

I tried to simulate the DLC15 regarding the EWS for offshore wind turbines. To my understanding, the EWS wind condition is a transient scenario describing the wind shear suddenly changing from a normal wind profile (NWP) to a nose-like profile and then going back. Why is the EWS condition given by Equations (26) and (27) IEC 61400-1? In IEC 61400-1, the NWP is assumed to have a power index of 0.2; however, the NWP for the offshore wind turbines should be 0.14. The value 0.2 should be for onshore turbines. Please correct me if I misunderstand the description of the DLC15 case.

Greetings to everyone! I had a small question. I'm currently trying to do my bachelor's thesis with a title called "Estimation of the wind potential through the computational intelligence tool for the production of electrical energy in the district of Ocucaje, Ica". I really wanted to combine wind energy and IA in one thesis but I'm kind of stuck right now. The region of Ica as a whole (Ocucaje city is part of the region of Ica) already has a wind potential estimation made by the government in 2016. So I'm unsure if I'm repeating the same thing as the government did or not, should I shape my title differently or add any other thing? I would appreciate any comments. Have a good day

In many countries, before the entire energy sector is based on renewable energy sources, hydrogen and/or natural gas-based energy, which is several times less carbon-intensive than coal, lignite and, in some countries, fuel oil, i.e. derivatives of oil refining, are being developed as an interim step in addition to fully clean, emission-free, climate-neutral renewable energy sources. Because of the nuclear power plant accidents that occurred at Chernobyl, Fukushima, etc., some countries decided to decommission their nuclear power plants. Opinions are divided on this issue, as current nuclear energy technologies are much safer than those used in the plants that previously failed. In addition, the energy produced by nuclear power plants is emission-free compared to emissions from, for example, gas combustion. Over the next few decades, these nuclear and gas-based intermediate steps will be replaced by emission-free, fully climate-neutral and more energy-efficient energy based on green hydrogen and nuclear fusion. The production of so-called green hydrogen will be realised using electricity generated from renewable energy sources. However, the greatest challenges in terms of carrying out a green transformation of the energy sector are to be met in countries such as Poland, which still has a technologically backward, archaic system of energy generation based 3/4 on burning hard coal and lignite. This kind of situation of energy development backwardness is the result of deliberately slowing down the development of renewable and emission-free energy in the last 3 decades, and especially in the last 8 years, i.e. the period in which the PIS government in coalition with other political options supporting this government mainly supported the development of dirty combustion energy, increased the import of fossil fuels, slowed down the development of wind energy in 2016, slowed down the development of biofuel-based energy, and from April 2022 limited the development of solar energy. This is very strange in view of the European Union's strategic environmental and climate policy, indicating the need to carry out a green energy transition as quickly as possible, of which Poland is, after all, a part and benefits from financial subsidies from the European Union for the development of renewable energy sources. At present, in the context of the prospect of a global climate catastrophe, accelerating global warming and a still high level of greenhouse gas emissions, energy generation based mainly on the combustion of fossil fuels is being described as archaic, technologically and mentally outdated, incompatible with achieving the objectives of sustainable development, incompatible with pro-environmental and climate policy, generates poor air quality, is socially unethical and so on. The paradox is that in recent years, the development of renewable and zero-emission energy has been accelerated in many countries, while in Poland this development has been deliberately slowed down by the government. In many countries, in the context of the overall energy mix, renewable energy is already the dominant source of energy vis-à-vis combustion energy sources. In some countries, such as Scandinavia, over 90% of energy is already generated from renewable sources. Furthermore, not only in Europe, but also on other continents, including Africa, there are already countries where the majority of energy is produced from renewable sources. Some countries, such as Canada for example, have planned to fully phase out coal-based power generation by 2030 at the latest, whereas in Poland, despite the existing climatic, technological and financial possibilities, etc., the PIS government has planned to continue coal-based power generation until the middle of the 21st century, ignoring the results of scientific research concerning forecasts of a continuation of the increasingly rapid process of global warming and an increase in the scale of climatic disasters that will occur in the coming decades. Since it is not, therefore, a genuinely pro-environmental and pro-climate energy and economic policy, neither is it a pro-social policy of the PIS government in Poland. On the other hand, technological progress in the field of green technologies and energy eco-innovations is continually being made. New generation photovoltaic technologies and other renewable and emission-free energy solutions are becoming cheaper every year. Mini-power plants, backyard mini-generators producing energy from the sun, wind and, under favourable geographical and geological conditions, also from water and geothermal energy, are becoming increasingly available. However, in a situation where the return to government-controlled large state-owned energy companies, and the pursuit of an economic policy reminiscent of centralised, post-communist models of economic management, ignores the prosumer potential for the development of zero-emission mini power plants by citizens who could develop clean energy much more effectively and efficiently, the whole process of green transformation of the energy sector is proceeding much more slowly than it could. Returning to the issue of the successful development of renewable and zero-emission energy sources in many countries, the question arises as to what path towards climate neutrality in the energy sector has been successfully pursued in countries where the majority of energy is already produced from clean, zero-emission energy, and what path towards climate neutrality in the energy sector should be pursued in countries where a significant proportion of electricity and/or heat is still produced from dirty combustion energy? Arguably, many different factors, regional geographic, geological, climatic, environmental, civilisational, economic, social, etc. considerations need to be taken into account in order to define the right path towards climate neutrality of the energy sector in each country.

To the above, it should be added that on 18 April 2023, in order to accelerate the process of pro-environmental, pro-climate, green transformation of the economy, including the acceleration of the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, slowing down the processes of global warming, the European Parliament voted on the key legal acts of the Fit For 55 package. The European Parliament adopted the reform of the EU system of trading in greenhouse gas emission allowances, the introduction of the CBAM mechanism and the creation of the Social Climate Fund. The PIS government in Poland is constantly criticising the climate and environmental policy of the European Union, contrary to the expectations of the citizens and with some vague political aims in mind in the controlled meanstream media in Poland. Thanks to the technological advances that have already been made in green energy technologies and eco-innovation, electricity generation from renewable and emission-free energy sources is already the cheapest, much cheaper than energy generation from the dirty energy of burning fossil fuels.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I'm trying to design a flange for a wind turbine tower. I wanted to check whether the flange would fail. but I didn't know how to calculate the Plastic limiting moment of tubular section MPL,3.

With the energy transition in mind, the government of Benin is investing in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and reduce carbon emissions. However, I would like to know:

- what are the Energy Policies and Strategies (in the past as well as currently) that the country has for the development of renewable sources available on the territory?

- what are the challenges of the Beninese electricity sector faced with the development of its renewable energy sources?

I am working on a small wind turbine as part of my internship for my course. The rated capacity of the small wind turbine is 700 watts at a rated wind speed of (…) m/s. The turbine is installed on a (height of the pole) m- steel pole/ tower. Further, the turbine is connected to the local electricity grid.

Challenges faced: At 3 m/s- windspeed, I am observing that the connected sensors/ electronics are consuming 15W

What is the most complete free software in wind energy simulation ?

I am looking for a book to support my lessons on Natural Resources for bachelor in Geography. I like very much the discussion Earth's Natural Resources, by John V. Walter:

Greetings,

I would like to ask about the vertical displacement As illustrated in the figure the monopile gave edge displacement from the top part of the monopile (0m) to the tail of the monopile (40m). However, I'd like to ask about the theory related to this phenomenon for clay and sand.

Logically and in reality the displacement should be from the top till the end of the monopile especially when it applied vertical load.

Hope there is any theory or discussion related to this case

Thankss

Do we need man-made wind turbines everywhere? Can’t we utilize nature-made trees to harvest wind energy?

With much of the energy industry operating on the basis of burning fossil fuels, accelerating the development of renewable energy sources may help the economy to get through the currently developing energy crisis. Unfortunately, it will take time to build large-scale power plants such as nuclear power plants or hydrogen production companies for the development of hydrogen energy. In contrast, the energy crisis is already developing. In addition, in order to increase the diversification of energy sources and realise an environmentally and climate-friendly transformation of the energy sector, it is necessary to develop various renewable and emission-free energy sources. In this way, the independence of the national energy system can be increased and the level of energy security enhanced. Countries where the development of renewable and zero-carbon energy sources was neglected in previous years are now facing more economic problems due to the developing energy crisis. An example of this type of country is the one in which I operate, i.e. a country in which three quarters of energy is still produced on the basis of dirty, combustion-based energy, i.e. based on the combustion of fossil fuels, wood and other materials or organic waste. In view of the current energy crisis and the prospective climate crisis, the following question therefore arises: What kind of backyard power plants, mini-generation plants can be built quickly to become operational even before the next heating season? What eco-innovations and green energy technologies can help to build backyard power plants and mini-generation plants that can be built quickly within the framework of renewable energy sources and thus more smoothly survive the developing energy crisis?

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please answer,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Greenhouses gases like carbon dioxide, methane,nitrousoxide,CFC,ozone etc. may be reduced by use of hydroelectric,wind energy,biofuel,solar energy ,microalgae etc. to maintain earth temperature not above 1.5 to 2 degree centigrade from the present mean earth tempearture according to IPCC.

In the shorter term (a few quarters), the energy crisis is developing, fossil fuel prices are rising, and the price of energy produced from burning fossil fuels is rising. In the longer term (many years), a global climate crisis will continue to develop as a result of the continuing process of global warming resulting from the still high levels of civilisational CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

What is your opinion on this?

What do you think about this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Denmark and Germany are among the leading countries in the field of wind energy industry. Have these countries been able to direct this industry towards export?

I am micro-siting wind turbines in WAsP.

I need to optimize the layout obtained after micro-siting using open-source optimization software.

According to your experience on renewable energies, what is The most recommended book on wind energy

Any researcher who is interested in working together in the field of Powers Electronics & Drives, Converter & Inverter Design, MPPT Techniques, Solar Photovoltaic Systems, Microgrid, EV Charging Stations. And also interested in publishing good quality paper. Kindly contact me. And also here Give your suggestion and feedback.

Integrating the BESS next to a wind farm to address the wind energy forecast errors.

hello all,

I am currently working on studying the effect of integrating wind energy on the IEEE 9 BUS using Matlab Simulink, the curve of voltage and frequency in the buss gave satisfactory results without wind, but after integrating the wind turbine, the voltage and the frequency diverged from the default value.

so I wanted to as if there is someone here that simulated similar work and can help me to clarify some questions.

- Any recommendations for optimal integration of wind energy into the grid? ( with Simulink Matlab ) , references?

Thank you.

I would invent Central Heating by electricity and Lithuim battery from wind Energy. Please, what do I need for that ?

Hello I am trying to find Australian energy market operator (AEMO), Australian wind energy forecasting system (AWEFS) 5 minute pre-dispatching wind power data in (MW) and its original wind power output data in (MW). I need 5 minutes pre-dispatching wind power from any wind farm and its corresponding original wind power output. I would be glad to hear any suggestions.

Best regards,

Giovanni Ponce

When using Wasserstein balls to describe the uncertainty set in distributionally robust optimization, can multiple sources of uncertainty be considered at the same time, such as wind power and solar power forecast error？

I need the minimum and maximum parameter values of cost function for solar pv and wind energy

That Question above is my undergraduate research topic but It's based on Wind Energy in particular, so I need enlightenment on it especially in the area of combining it with artificial intelligence.

In the current energy context, which would be the best energy alternatives for Latin America and the Caribbean in the future? I very much appreciate your participation in this discussion.

For example, WTG having 2.5 MW and the current (Ipeak) is 2200 A @690 V, 300 sq.mm CU 475 A UG.

I would like to know for design of sizing of conduits.

(Serious and active members are required.)

My research fields are Renewable energy, PV systems, wind energy systems, multilevel-inverters, observers and state estimation, induction motor fault detection, and diagnosis.

- Write and publish research papers together

- Split the publication cost (APC) together if necessary.

what are the most needed devices or measuring device needed in a renewable energy lab. for education and research in

solar energy

biogas

wind energy

others

related to agriculture and agricultural engineering

-----

thanks in advance

Hi all, I am looking forward to hearing your valuable suggestions for a thesis topic in wind industry.

I am doing my masters in energy systems engineering, and I am looking for topics to do my thesis on; are there any suggestions?

I am interested in renewable energy.

PS: I have done my bachelor in mechanical engineering.

Dear guys,

I am working on the wind power prediction topic. Is there any free NWP dataset to use ?

Thanks very much.

I have a question on Cp in the wind turbine. I have calculated the moment in the z-axis as my rotor also rotors along the z-axis. I got the moment values from my simulation. I applied the procedure which ansys recommended formula (P= torque x rotational velocity) for extracting power from the turbine. I got huge discrepancies between actual and theoretical. After calculating power, I have calculated Cp it comes around 0.8 to 1, but the Betz limit is 0.59. plz help me to calculate the Cp.

Conditions :

Turbine Aera =17.5 m2

R=3.5m

V=3

omega=2.14 rad/s

TSR=2

Fluid water (990 is the density)

 

We know wind turbines extract energy from the wind in order to produce electricity, the wind downstream of a turbine has a lower energy content than the wind upstream. Suppose, the understudy region is formed of two zones (Figure attached). In the dark red zone, the initial wind velocity is greater than that in the light red zone.

Bearing in mind the different initial wind velocities, How to determine the resulting wind speed, due to the wake effect of turbine 1 on turbine 2 (case 1) and of turbine 3 on turbine 4 (case 2)?

Scenario: The problem in case 2, perhaps the recovered wind speed at turbine 4 is greater than V₀ =8 m/s (initial speed at light red region)

Where can I find wind power data and corresponding weather data (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, etc.)?

The data is best for one year.

These data will be used for wind power forecasting