Whole Grains - Science topic

As the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide, breast cancer affects one in eight women. The long-term risk factors for breast cancer are examined in this chapter, with a focus on psychological stress, lifestyle, nutrition, and obesity. Due to hormonal and immunological reactions, psychosocial stress, which arises from unfavorable life events like...

In the past 20 years, a large number of epidemiological studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses have found an inverse relationship between magnesium intake or serum magnesium and cardiovascular disease, indicating that low magnesium status is associated with hypertension, coronary artery calcification, stroke, ischemic heart diseas...

The gut microbiome, a collection of gut microorganisms, is crucial in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Therefore, diet and dietary interventions are promising strategies to shape the gut microbiota for IBD management. Of all the diets studied in the IBD field, the Mediterranean diet has the least restrictive nat...

Objective: Monitoring dietary habits is crucial for identifying shortcomings and delineating countermeasures. About 20 years after the last population-based surveys in Bavaria and Germany, dietary habits were assessed to describe the intake distributions and compare these with recommendations at food and nutrient level. Methods: The 3rd Bavarian Fo...

This study evaluated the mineral profile of wild Oryza species in Sri Lanka. The whole grains of Oryza nivara, Oryza rufipogon, Oryza eichingeri, Oryza granulata, and Oryza rhizomatis were assessed for 20 minerals (n=4 each; mg/kg) which consisted of macro minerals (K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe), micro minerals (Zn, Al, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Se, Co, Ba, Ag, Si), an...

The pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a traditional and nutrient-dense crop. It is resistant to insects, diseases high temperatures and droughts and does not readily succumb to poor soils. Despite nutritional superiority, the utilization of pearl millet flour is limited to few specific pockets and regions all-round the world due to the poor...

Background: In China, economic growth and lifestyle shifts have made dietary risks a major public health issue for ischemic stroke. This study examines the link between six dietary risks and ischemic stroke in China from 1990 to 2019, using 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data. Methods: Data from GBD 2019 was primarily derived from Chinese moni...

Cancer remains a leading global cause of death, with its burden increasingly shaped by demographic shifts and dietary factors. This study utilized the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to evaluate cancer burdens attributable to dietary risks from 1990 to 2021, accounting for differences by age, gender, region, and socioeconomic level, an...

Background and aim: Cereals’ iron content is a major contributor to dietary iron intake in Europe and a potential for biofortification. A simulation of daily iron intake from wheat and rice over the next 20 years will be quantified. Methods: Food items, and energy and iron intake by age classes are estimated using the Italian dietary survey (IV SCA...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy complication that seriously endangers maternal and infant health, posing a medical and economic burden worldwide. Several dietary patterns have been recommended for women of childbearing age, demonstrating a positive role in preventing and managing GDM. However, these dietary patterns may...

Background: Pregnancy is a crucial period for maternal and fetal health, and in Lebanon, where cultural and economic factors influence dietary practices, there is an urgent need to evaluate the food consumption patterns and diet quality of pregnant women. Aim: To evaluate the food consumption patterns, energy intake, as well as macro- and micro-nut...

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized primarily by the gradual loss of neurons, which impairs cognitive and physical abilities. Factors such as aging, genetics, and the environment significantly contribute to the onset and progression of these noncommunicable diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegen...

Wild relatives of rice, belonging to the genus Oryza, present significant opportunities for enhancing cultivated rice species. In Sri Lanka, there are five wild Oryza species, yet research into their health benefits remains extremely limited. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-glycation potential of wild Oryza species from Sri Lanka in r...

Nutrition plays a pivotal role in influencing fertility and overall reproductive health, affecting both male and female physiology. Optimal nutrient intake is essential for maintaining hormonal balance, supporting gamete quality, and ensuring successful conception and pregnancy. Micronutrients such as folic acid, vitamin D, zinc, and antioxidants a...

Morocco, a culturally diverse nation, presents a culinary tapestry influenced by regional variations, geography, and historical heritage. The Mediterranean diet, rooted in Morocco's culinary heritage, emphasizes the consumption of high-quality fresh produce, unsaturated fats, and whole grains while promoting social interactions. This literature rev...

Background The Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) has shown positive effects on various health factors that may be related to pancreatic steatosis (PS). This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the DASH diet and the risk of developing PS. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 278 patients diagnosed...

A suboptimal diet is responsible for more deaths worldwide than any other risk. A dietary factor that needs more attention is whole-grain consumption because of its proven health, nutritional, and environmental benefits. Despite these benefits, the daily whole-grain and dietary fibre intake by Dutch residents is low and the reasons for this low con...

Bread consumption dates back thousands of years, being one of the oldest and most widespread staple food worldwide. While bread is often associated with taste, pleasure, and tradition, its perception as a vehicle of nutrition and health remains complex. Today, there is no scientific consensus on whether bread consumption is beneficial or deleteriou...

Rectal bleeding is a prevalent but often underreported health concern in young adults, where functional constipation and lifestyle factors can play a pivotal role. This study investigates the influence of contemporary lifestyle factors—including dietary patterns, fibre intake, physical activity, and BMI—on rectal bleeding risk in young adults with...

The world of science is increasingly looking for answers to the question of how specific dietary components affect the risk of chronic diseases and assessing their potential to alleviate the severity of individual diseases. This research concerns both the assessment of the benefits of using individual dietary components and those of nutritional mod...

Background The global climate crisis requires a paradigm shift in dietary concepts, respecting the needs of children. A global reference diet has been suggested by the EAT-Lancet Commission. On this basis, the detailed “Planetary Health Diet Index” (PHDI) has been proposed. The objective of this assessment is (1) to apply the PHDI to the Food-Based...

Colorectal cancer in Brazil is among the main public health concern. The burden of disease can be related to unhealthy lifestyle behavior and inequality in access to health services. The aim of this study was to identify the main factors associated with colorectal cancer mortality in Brazil. This is an ecological study that had the Brazilian Federa...

Background/Objectives: The diet quality of younger individuals is decreasing globally, with alarming trends also in the Mediterranean region. The aim of this study was to assess diet quality and adequacy in relation to country-specific dietary recommendations for children and adolescents living in the Mediterranean area. Methods: A cross-sectional...

The scientific research examined patients attending the general hospitals of Samawah Governorate and the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes for Chronic Diseases in Iraq for a period of 2 years (3000 patients) to determine the effect of preservatives, flavorings, flavorings, aromas, and ultra-processed foods on the involvement of hear...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been the dietary staple of Sri Lankans since ancient times. The native or indigenous varieties that were cultivated historically have evolved across generations, into the traditional varieties recognized today. These traditional varieties are known for their superior nutritional and health benefits compared to the improve...

The demand for rice varieties with lower amylose content (AC) is increasing in Southeast Asia, primarily due to their desirable texture and cooking qualities. This study presents the development of whole-grain rice lines with low to intermediate glycemic index (GI) and reduced AC. We selected six rice lines for in vivo GI assessment based on their...

In the present study pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) PBH1625 variety (whole grain, dehulled grain, and dehulled ϔlour)was subjected to cold plasma exposure at 25kv for 10 mins and 30kv for 10 mins. Subsequently, the samples were packed in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches and metalized polypropylene (MPP) stored for 90 days, and shelf life...

The Poaceae family includes the versatile cereal crop known as pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a traditional and nutrient-dense crop. It is resistant to insects, diseases high temperatures and droughts and does not readily succumb to poor soils. Despite nutritional superiority, the utilization of pearl millet flour is limited to few specific p...

This study explores the development of whole-grain sourdough bread with reduced FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) content to offer dietary solutions for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Three sourdough breads were prepared using different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains including L...

BACKGROUND Whole grain food has gradually come into view because of its high nutritional value, but the incidence of wheat allergies has been increasing year by year. Ozone is a new non‐thermal desensitization technology in food processing, and its effect on coarse wheat bran protein has received little study. We investigated the effects of differe...

The pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a traditional and nutrient-dense crop. It is resistant to insects, diseases high temperatures and droughts and does not readily succumb to poor soils. Despite nutritional superiority, the utilization of pearl millet flour is limited to few specific pockets and regions all-round the world due to the poor keep...

Dyslipidemia is defined as an imbalance in the blood lipid profile that can cause many metabolic diseases. Several clinical studies in the past have proven the importance of a proper diet in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia. However, the relationship between consumption of a single food like red meat or whole grain with the occurrence o...

Background The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) during adolescence is associated with growth and developmental impairment and risk of non-communicable diseases. There is limited evidence on adolescent’s dietary patterns (DPs), and how they contribute to DBM in urban low income contexts in sub Saharan Africa. This study assessed DPs of adolescent...

In this paper, the research was conducted using mathematical modelling methods to improve the quality of the product. This study aimed to determine the optimum composite mixture for producing whole wheat flour by adding sesame seeds, chia seeds, and crushed rosehip. Following the mathematical matrix, 20 different samples have been baked. The basic...

In today’s health-conscious society, there is an increasing consumer demand for functional foods that not only satisfy nutritional needs but also promote overall well-being. The aim of this study was to develop a bread formulation enriched with microencapsulated polyphenols, oat β-glucan concentrate, and sour fermented beetroot juice to enhance its...

This article is written in Sinhala language and it breaks down the essentials of a healthy diet into easy-to-understand principles aimed at improving overall well-being. It covers the basics of balanced nutrition, emphasizing the importance of whole foods, such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, while highlighting the need to l...

Whole-grain intake is associated with reduced risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Greater understanding of major food sources of whole grains globally, and how intake has been quantified, is essential to informing accurate strategies aiming to increase consumption and reduce NCD risk. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify the prim...

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) experience an increased risk for obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Recommendations to prevent and treat obesity for those with SCI follow those of the US Department of Agriculture to adopt a healthy eating pattern that includes eating a variety of fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, and protein, plus limi...

Introduction and Aims: Oral cancer (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are significant global health concerns. Numerous studies have investigated the influence of dietary patterns on these cancers, but the results have been controversial. Therefore, we aim to explore the causal relationship between dietary patterns and OC/OPC. Methods Mendalian ran...

Carbohydrates are one of the main macronutrients in the human diet and serve as a source of energy. Their share in nutrition has a key role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and overall health. Among them, starch is the most common digestible polysaccharide. It is found in the fruits, seeds, roots, nodules and leaves of plants, as well as in other...

The gut microbiome, a vast ecosystem of microorganisms within the human gastrointestinal tract, is foundational to our health, impacting physiological functions ranging from metabolism to immune responses. This review dissects the microbiome's composition, focusing on predominant bacterial phyla such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria...

The rice variety Bomba is grown in Calasparra-a rice of origin in southeast Spain-resulting in a product with excellent cooking quality, although its profitability has declined in recent years due to low grain yields and susceptibility to rice blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara). An innovation project to test the efficacy of mechanized transp...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive and irreversible disease affecting many people worldwide. Recent evidence suggests that diet and lifestyle play a vital role in COPD progression. We aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the effect of healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns on preventing and treating COPD. For this r...

Our aim was to evaluate a whole-grain diet containing 0 (T1) and 60% (T2) waste papaya silage in vitro, in situ and in vivo. In vitro, biogas, methane and dry matter degradation (DMDiv), neutral detergent fiber (NDFDiv) and crude protein (CPDiv) were determined at 72 h; in situ, DM (DMDis), NDF (NDFis) and CP (CPDis) digestibility was determined at...

Background The goal of the present study was to design an easily computable score, based on nutrient composition data instead of food groups, to evaluate the nutritional quality and balance of meals, adapted to the nutritional recommendations for Filipino adults. Method The score was defined as a weighted average of 9 nutrient scores. Protein, tot...

In the past 20 years, a large number of epidemiological studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses have found an inverse relationship between magnesium intake or serum magnesium and cardiovascular disease indicating that a low magnesium status was associated with hypertension, coronary artery calcification, stroke, ischemic heart dise...

A healthy lifestyle is habits and actions that support physical, mental and emotional health. The aim of this service activity is to implement a healthy, family-based lifestyle. This activity is carried out with a participatory approach involving all family members. The material presented includes the importance of balanced nutrition, environmental...

Introduction Whole-grain pigmented rice (WCP) provides many nutritional benefits compared to non-pigmented varieties. The textural quality of cooked whole-grain rice, particularly its hardness, is crucial for consumers’ preferences. Materials and Methods We investigated the impact of multiple-grain nutrient components on textural attributes throug...

Cereal-based or starch-based materials are commonly used ingredients for three-dimensional (3D) food printing to fabricate customized products. Tartary buckwheat (TB) is recognized as a nutrition-sensitive and climate-resilient crop that supports sustainable agri-food systems. In this study, we investigated the rheological and printing properties o...

Early-life nutrition is essential for healthy child development. Given the fact that thermal treatments modifying starch properties in cereals play a key role in improving digestibility and nutrient bioavailability, this study explored the effects of high-temperature (121 °C) and high-humidity treatment on the starch properties and digestibility of...

The demand for rice varieties with lower amylose content (AC) is increasing in Southeast Asia, primarily due to their desirable texture and cooking qualities. This study presents the development of whole-grain rice lines with low to intermediate glycemic index (GI) and reduced AC. We selected six rice lines for in vivo GI assessment based on their...

Nowadays, whole grain and less refined flours deriving from higher extraction rate milling processes have received much attention due to the presence of the external parts of the grain constituting the bran, with well-known health benefits. The use of these flours can represent a rational option for the valorization of native bran with minimal by-p...

The overall aim of this paper was to provide background knowledge to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 Committee for integrating environmental sustainability in a framework for national Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) within the Nordics and Baltics. Additionally, this paper aims to give an overview of recent Nordic scientific literatur...

Background/Objectives: Efforts are underway worldwide to design and deploy food labeling systems that provide consumers with the information needed to shift dietary patterns toward nutrient dense, healthier foods. Despite a compelling need for progress, worrisome public health trends persist that are rooted in the popularity of unhealthy, heavily p...

Background The role of plant-based dietary patterns in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes and diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and explore potential contribut...

This study explored the potential of two forms of sourdough—native and lyophilised—obtained through the spontaneous fermentation of whole grain flours from ancient wheat varieties, for cookie production. The research involved evaluated the dough’s rheological properties through creep and recovery measurements and Mixolab analysis, assessing proxima...

Aim To relate adherence to healthy dietary patterns, evaluated by different dietary indices, to the intake of nutrients and food groups among pregnant women in the United Arab Emirates. Methods The analyses included 1122 pregnant women from the Mutaba’ah Study. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Adh...

This scoping review addresses gaps in the existing literature on dietary guidelines for pregnant and lactating women globally. The study delves into adherence levels, identifies influencing factors, and examines outcomes associated with these guidelines. Analysing food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) from around the world, the review reveals that...

Rice (Oryza sativa) contains γ-oryzanol, which consists of 4 main compounds: Cycloartenol ferulate, 2,4-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, campesterol ferulate, and β-sitosterol ferulate, that contribute to the health benefits of rice. This research aimed to develop a rapid method to determine the 4 major γ-oryzanol compounds in 45 varieties covering...

The present study was carried out to demonstrate the effects of dry heat treatment (DHT) at different temperatures (100, 125, 135, 150, and 165 °C) on the nutritional and techno-functional properties of white, blue, and yellow whole grain maize flour. Results showed that DHT increased the insoluble dietary fiber and free phenolic compounds of the i...

Our objective was to compare performance and carcass characteristics of backgrounding steers grazing poor quality pasture, receiving energy or protein supplements during summer, and on subsequent finishing period. Sixty Hereford steers (14 months; 348±33 kg body weight [BW]) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to one of three treatments (n = 2...

(1) Background: Healthful plant-based diets, especially those rich in minimally processed plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, have been associated with a lower risk of diet-related chronic disease. However, individuals who limit or avoid animal products may be at risk of nutrient deficiencies, especially related to Vitam...

An anti-inflammatory diet is characterised by incorporating foods with potential anti-inflammatory properties, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, spices, herbs and plant-based protein. Concurrently, pro-inflammatory red and processed meat, refined carbohydrates and saturated fats are limited. This article explores the effect...

Objective China has been undergoing a rapid nutrition transition in the past few decades. This review aims to characterise commonly reported dietary patterns in Chinese populations and their associations with health outcomes. Design We searched PubMed, Embase and CNKI from inception to June 2020 to identify observational studies reporting dietary...

Water treated with ion ozone improves the technological qualities of food products. Therefore, ion-ozonated water was used in the work, and whole-grain flour from soft wheat of the Almaly variety and pumpkin powder were used as raw materials to improve the quality and nutritional value of the pasta. This study investigated the effects of ion-ozone...

Magnesium (Mg), an essential mineral abundantly present within the human body, is intricately involved in a multitude of biochemical processes vital for maintaining health and overall well-being. This review aims to delve into the multifaceted impact of Mg on human health, exploring its physiological functions, dietary sources, and potential health...

Using plant extracts to replace traditional chemical herbicides plays an essential role in sustainable agriculture. The present work evaluated the quality of durum wheat cv Valbelice in two years (2014 and 2016) using plant aqueous extracts of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and mugwort (Artemisia arborescens L.) as bio-herbicides on the main quality char...

This study shows the great potential of pearl millet flour (MF) for producing nutrient dense and acceptable gluten-free (GF) bread, which is an innovation considering the actual commercial reality. This research highlights the use of design of experiments and multivariate analysis to determine the proper MF and water (W) levels to optimize GF bread...

This study explores the role of traditional Indian diets in weight management, emphasizing their nutritional composition, cultural significance, and potential health benefits. Traditional Indian diets, rich in whole grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and diverse spices, provide a balanced intake of macronutrients and micronutrients essential for...

Objective: This study aimed to review the quality and content of phosphate educational materials used in pediatric chronic kidney disease. Methods: The quality of text-based (TB) pediatric phosphate educational materials was assessed using validated instruments for health literacy demands (Suitability Assessment of Materials, Patient Education Mate...