Wheat - Science topic

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a vital cereal crop, contributing significantly to the global food supply. This study conducted between 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, aims to assess the impact of different planting methods and seed rates on wheat productivity. Its goal is to optimize wheat yield sustainably by examining various factors affecting wheat produ...

AT ALI Mubarak Station, El-Bustan region, El-Behira Governorate, Egypt, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of four irrigation levels i.e. 60, 80, 100, and 120% ETo (reference crop evapotranspiration) and alleviating water stress treatments i.e. none magnetic wheat grains (NMG), NMG + potassium silicate (KS) foliar spray, 150 mg...

Given the high global consumption of wheat bread, a significant challenge is to improve its nutritional and health value. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using Lion's Mane for fortifying wheat bread. The impact of Lion's Mane addition at levels of 3, 6, 9, and 12% to wheat flour on the farinographic properties of dough, phys...

We quantify the role of individual factors in shaping the domestic prices of selected grains and oilseeds in Poland and test the hypothesis of whether a favorable supply situation can isolate the domestic market from external shocks. We carried out estimations using error correction and local projection econometric models. The results lead to the f...

This article proposes a framework for integrating agricultural zoning data into insurance risk analysis. It is based on combining official public information from the Brazilian zoning program, ZARC, with open insurance data provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock. The methodology presented in this article transforms ZARC inf...

The global wheat production faces significant challenges due to major rust-causing fungi, namely Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, P. triticina, and P. graminis f. sp. tritici, responsible for stripe, leaf, and stem rust diseases, respectively. The evolutionary relationship between wheat (host) and Puccinia (pathogen) renders existing wheat r...

This study evaluated the chemical composition, physical and sensory properties of cookies produced from wheat, whole wheat and unripe plantain flour blends. Five different flour blends of wheat, whole wheat and unripe plantain flours were prepared at 583 properties of the cookies were analyzed using standard methods. The results were significantly...

The agricultural sector is challenging to decarbonise due to its reliance on heavy machinery and fossil fuels, which face issues when decarbonising via methods such as electrification. However, agriculture provides opportunities to generate renewable energy via biomass sources due to their abundance within this sector. This feasibility study used a...

In recent years, quinoa has gained renewed relevance as an alternative crop to cereals due to its excellent nutritional value. The aim of this work was to utilize quinoa seed flour as a substitute supplementation for wheat biscuits. The physicochemical properties of quinoa seed flour were studied. Wheat flour was substituted with 25, 50 and 75% of...

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (HMW-PAHs), is a prevalent organic pollutant. Due to various environmental factors, the viability and degradation capacity of PAHs-degrading bacteria in contaminated soil are significantly reduced. Therefore, it is imperative to maintain microbial activity and enhance deg...

Extreme precipitation poses a significant threat to crop production, often underestimated by process-based models. State-of-the-art models also struggle with high-resolution spatial applications due to process complexity. Here, we developed a Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning (KGML) framework that integrates machine learning with a waterlogging-ena...

The degree of proteolytic modification in wheat malts significantly affects their quality, determining their suitability for use in brewing. Nitrogen fertilization at doses of 60 and 80 kg N·ha −1 applied during 3-year field experiments had a positive effect on the content of protein compounds in the analyzed wheat malts. The total protein content...

This paper presents and examines a model for a black rust (Puccinia graminis) epidemic in wheat. The spread of black rust can lead to significant yield losses, adversely affecting food security and agricultural economies. Furthermore, controlling the epidemic requires substantial resources, posing challenges for sustainable agricultural practices....

The accuracy of leaf nitrogen accumulation (LNA) estimation is often compromised by the vertical heterogeneity of crop nitrogen. In this study, an estimation model of LNA considering vertical heterogeneity of wheat was developed based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral data and near-ground hyperspectral data, both collected at different...

Uncovering the genetic characteristics of important traits in wheat cultivars is essential for targeted wheat breeding. Here, a liquid 100K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip panel, integrating markers of known function, was selected and used to analyze genetic characteristics for 115 spring wheat cultivars from a high-altitude region of Chi...

Application of biosolids can be beneficial for low carbon (C) and erosion-prone soils of the dryland region of inland Pacific Northwest (iPNW). Biosolids have been proven to improve wheat yields and soil health in the iPNW. Although direct agronomic and environmental influences of biosolids with frequent applications have been extensively studied,...

A field study was carried out at the Agronomy research farm of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir during 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was conducted in RCBD comprising of six weed densities viz., D0 (0), D1 (25), D2 (50), D3 (75), D4 (100), and D5 (125) plants m-2. The results revealed that wheat grow...

Intercropping systems offer substantial benefits in crop yield nd nutrient absorption. Utilizing logistic models, we simulated the dynamic of nutrient uptake and accumulation in spring wheat and the impact of different planting patterns and compound fertilizer application rates on spring wheat yield. We conducted a field experiment involving two pl...

This research was motivated by the absence of research on the effect of whole wheat flour substitution on the quality of wingko tripe. This research analyzes the impact of entire wheat flour substitution of 20%, 35%, and 50% on the quality of shape, color, aroma, texture, and taste of wingko tripe. This type of research is experimental, namely cond...

Accurate ear counting is essential for determining wheat yield, but traditional manual methods are labour-intensive and time-consuming. This study introduces an innovative approach by developing an automatic ear-counting system that leverages machine learning techniques applied to high-resolution images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)....

A field survey was undertaken to record the prevailing feeding management methods employed by dairy farmers in the Kandi region of Hoshiarpur district in Punjab. The study encompassed on 80 farmers from various villages. Structured interviews, utilizing a pre-tested questionnaire, were conducted to gather information about the existing feeding prac...

This study investigated the effects of various titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on the structure, function, and trophic levels of the wheat rhizobiome. In contrast to the typically toxic effects of small nanoparticles (~10 nm), this research focused on molecular TiO2 and larger nanoparticles: medium-sized (68 nm, NPs1) and large (>100 nm, NPs2). Th...

Accurate leaf segmentation and counting are critical for advancing crop phenotyping and improving breeding programs in agriculture. This study evaluates YOLOv11-based models for automated leaf detection and segmentation across spring barley, spring wheat, winter wheat, winter rye, and winter triticale. The key focus is assessing whether a unified m...

The study of the shape of droplets on surfaces is an important problem in the physics of fluids and has applications in multiple industries, from agrichemical spraying to microfluidic devices. Motivated by these real-world applications, computational predictions for droplet shapes on complex substrates -- rough and chemically heterogeneous surfaces...

The combined effects of increasing sulfur (S) fertilization rates and drought stress on the yield and compositional parameters of spring wheat on Chernozem soil were studied. In a greenhouse pot experiment, increasing S doses (22.4, 28, 56 kg S/ha) were used with a constant nitrogen (N) dose (112 kg N/ha), resulting in different N:S ratios (1:0.2;...

The accurate and sub-daily identification of agricultural low-temperature disasters (LTDs) facilitates the understanding of their dynamic evolution, the evaluation of the characteristics of disaster events, and informs effective strategies aimed at disaster prevention and mitigation. In order to ensure the timely, precise, and comprehensive capture...

The dimsum skin is the outer layer that surrounds the dimsum filling and is often referred to as the dumpling skin which is generally made of wheat flour. The dimsum skin in this study is made from tofu pulp flour. Tofu pulp flour is used as an additive to dimsum peels because it contains a fairly high level of protein, namely in 100 grams of tofu...

The preservation of sunken granite monuments poses a significant challenge due to various deteriorative factors. This research addresses the critical problem of inadequate protection for these submerged historical structures, emphasizing the need for effective preservation strategies. The primary goal of the study is to highlight the importance of...

Differentiating between wheat species poses a significant challenge to the Indian grain industry. Visual inspection of wheat species has drawbacks, including inconsistency, low throughput, and labor intensiveness. In this study, near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) was utilized in conjunction with a deep learning approach to achieve precis...

Background Plants respond to environmental stimuli by altering gene transcription that is highly related with chromatin status, including histone modification, chromatin accessibility, and three-dimensional chromatin interaction. Vernalization is essential for the transition to reproductive growth for winter wheat. How wheat reshapes its chromatin...

This article presents an economic analysis of two phosphorus (P) fertilizer recommendation approaches, sufficiency and build‐maintenance, in the context of Kansas and Oklahoma wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sufficiency seeks to meet crop needs rather than build soil fertility. Build‐maintenance, however, builds P levels to a target level of soil tes...

Agricultural commodities price volatilities experienced an increase in the period of 2006-2008 and since then, the shocks from the global crises have been affecting these markets, as the Covid-19 pandemic period. Many studies have evaluated volatility spillovers around agricultural markets by focusing on crises cycles. However, few of these studies...

Conclusion experimental study among all treatments revealed that Clodinafop-propargyl + metsulfuron methyl is significantly effective in terms of yield and all growth parameters and also having very less residual effect on upcoming crop • Wheat variety GW 322 was taken under this Clodinafop-propargyl +metsulfuron methyl (vesta) registered significa...

Aims Crop rotation is a vital practice in sustainable agricultural management. This study aimed to investigate soil labile organic carbon, carbon-degrading microorganisms, and soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization in oilseed rape-rice (OR), wheat-rice (WR), oilseed rape-maize (OM), and wheat–maize (WM) rotations without (CK) and with the applica...

Earliness is a critical agronomic trait that enables plants to avoid adverse weather conditions during the late growing season or at harvest. In wheat, earliness is controlled by at least three distinct mechanisms: vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity, and a mechanism independent of the first two, so called, earliness per se. In this...

Four durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) lines Rusty‐KLB (Reg. no. GP‐1098, PI 705448), Rusty‐14803 (Reg. no. GP‐1097, PI 705447), Rusty‐ST464C1 (Reg. no. GP‐1099, PI 705449), and CAT‐A1 (Reg. no. GP‐1096, PI 705446), which carry stem rust resistance gene Sr13 alleles Sr13a, Sr13b, Sr13c, and Sr13d, respectively, are released by USDA‐ARS. Th...

An investigation was conducted in randomized block design under timely and late sown conditions using two hundred recombinant inbred lines from a cross between WH711 and WH1021 cultivars. The heat stress conditions have detrimental effects on the performance of recombinant inbred lines (RILs), as depicted by alterations in different phenotypic trai...

Nitrogen is the most limiting plant nutrient element of soils in Niger. Farmers apply nitrogen to increase yield of cereal crops. A survey conducted at Djirataoua in southern Niger, revealed that wheat growers applied nitrogen fertilizer with less technical knowledge resulting in low response on growth and yield. To produce suitable recommendations...

Large-scale crop phenology monitoring is essential for agro-ecosystem policy. Remote sensing helps track crop development but requires high-temporal and spatial resolutions. While datasets with both attributes are now available, their large-scale applications require significant resources. Medium-resolution data offer daily observations but lack de...

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę obiektów kolekcyjnych jarej pszenicy twardej pod względem polowej odporności na następujące choroby grzybowe liści: mączniak prawdziwy (Blumeria graminis), septorioza liści (Mycosphaerella graminicola, syn. Septoria tritici) i rdza brunatna (Puccinia recondita). Materiał badawczy stanowiło 941 obiektów, które b...

Tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is a severe threat to wheat production in all major wheat-growing regions. Sustainable tan spot control can be achieved by an integrated approach, including responsible management of fungicide sprays. The data about the sensitivity of P. tritici-repentis to various fungicides in the Baltic Sea region...

Triboelectric separation has recently been investigated as a novel process for dry enrichment and separation of protein of various crops like wheat flour. The triboelectric effect allows for the separation of starch and protein particles in an electric field based on their different charging behavior despite having a similar density and size distri...

Softness, a key attribute in hygiene tissue, has traditionally been determined via consumer panel tests. These collective tests involve trained judges (panelists) who express their subjective judgments of softness to rank and compare hygiene tissue products, which become time and resource-intensive measurements. The tissue softness analyzer (TSA, E...

Grain yield and quality as well as the weed infestation of winter wheat grown after potatoes, peas and winter wheat were evaluated in the study. The experiment was established in a system of randomized blocks, in three replications. The experimental results were statistically processed via the analysis of variance method. Coefficients of Pearson’s...

Increasing food production is crucial for attaining the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG#2) by 2030 through supplying agricultural credit and improved inputs. Thus, the present study examined the roles of agricultural credit, applications of fertilizer, usage of pesticides, farming area, and agricultural employment in enhancing wheat production in...

Celem opracowania była ocena opłacalności produkcji pszenicy ozimej i jęczmienia jarego w różnych warunkach rynkowych. W opracowaniu wykorzystano metodę studium przypadku. Podmiotem badań było gospodarstwo rolne położone w województwie lubelskim, zajmujące się m.in. uprawą zbóż. Badania dotyczyły lat 2021–2023. Wykazały one, że ostatni rok badań by...

Decades of wheat breeding have provided growers with numerous high-yielding options, but it is unknown if these yield improvements are likewise characterized with improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Fertilizer nitrogen (N) is an ever-increasing expense, so improving NUE by reducing the requirement for N fertilizer without risking yield and qual...

Abstract No prior scientific study has investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilizers on wheat cultivation in Uruzgan. To address this gap, a study titled "The Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on Wheat Growth and Yield in Uruzgan" was conducted in 1399 (2020) in an agricultural area of Uruzgan. The research aimed to eval...

This study innovatively leveraged proximal remote sensing to address the challenge of mineral exploration in vegetation-covered regions. Remote and proximal sensing has proven to be highly effective in pinpointing surface-exposed alteration minerals and detecting potential mining sites in previously unproductive areas. However, in regions where veg...

Composite preparations were created for foliar feeding of winter wheat using obtained silica nanosols and lignin fugate after coals carbonization. Both laboratory and vegetative studies have confirmed the effectiveness of created preparations for foliar treatments of Cubus winter wheat ( T riticum aestivum L. ). When applied, the preparations enhan...

The ERA5-L reanalysis dataset, produced by ECMWF is the latest and most advanced global climate reanalysis datasets available with high spatial and temporal resolution. To assess the applicability of ERA5-L reanalysis data, a field experiment was conducted to predict the onset of maturity period of wheat crop based on heat units derived by ERA5-L d...

The unstability of global food system have aroused growing attention worldwide. Althrough there is sufficient food produced to feed every person, many people in the world are suffering from hunger. Moreover, the current food system is harmful to the environment. As our global population continues to rise, the ability to produce more food while sust...

The experiments were conducted to develop indices to provide critical insights into crop phenology and yield responses of wheat to thermal and moisture conditions during rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23 at PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab. The wheat variety Unnat PBW was sown on three dates (D1: 27th October, D2: 17th November, D3: 8th December) under three irrigatio...

Abandoned agricultural lands in the Middle Volga region of Russia, which appeared because of socio-economic transformations after the collapse of the USSR and the liquidation of collective farms, represent a significant potential for increasing agricultural production and economic development of the region. This study develops a comprehensive appro...

Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are key enzymes that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which serve as signaling molecules regulating plant growth and stress responses. In this study, 39 TaRboh genes (TaRboh01–TaRboh39) were identified. These genes were distributed unevenly among the wheat genome’s fourteen chromosomes, with th...

Water is a vital component for the growth of wheat and the quality of its grains. The measurement of plant water content (PWC) serves as a crucial indicator for assessing the water status of crops, thereby guiding effective irrigation management practices. Recent advancements in technology, particularly the use of multispectral and thermal imaging...

Krekers merupakan jenis biskuit yang dalam pembuatannya memerlukan proses fermentasi atau tidak, serta melalui proses laminasi sehingga menghasilkan bentuk pipih dan bila dipatahkan penampangnya tampak berlapis-lapis. Bahan utama dalam pembuatan krekers adalah tepung terigu. Meningkatnya harga dan keterbatasan dalam melakukan impor, dibutuhkan tepu...