Whales - Science topic

The integration of distributed generation (DG) and short circuit analysis affects the radial distribution power system in terms of voltage profile, line loss and short circuit levels. This paper investigates the impact of DG placement and sizing with security analysis in the IEEE 33-bus distribution system. Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm (MW...

This study introduces a new metaheuristic optimization method designed to address optimal power flow problems in power systems. The approach takes inspiration from the natural behavior of dingoes (Canis familiaris dingo). The Dingo Optimizer (DOA) is a bio-inspired algorithm that mimics the hunting behavior of dingoes, which involves three main str...

Maintaining a stable balance between generated power and load demand is a critical challenge in modern power systems, especially with the increasing integration of renewable energy sources like photovoltaic (PV) systems. This study introduces a novel hybrid educational competition optimizer with pattern search (hECO-PS) algorithm to optimally tune...

While the optimization algorithm community boasts numerous members, the primary wellspring of inspiration largely stems from collective and social behaviors observed in nature. This paper introduces a new metaphor-free meta-heuristic algorithm called Aitken optimizer (ATK) based on the basic idea of solving groups of equations using iterative metho...

Protein content is an important index in the assessment of dairy nutrition. As a crucial source of protein absorption in people's daily life, the quality of milk powder products not only has a deep impact on the development of the dairy industry, but also seriously damages the health of consumers. It is of great significance to find a faster and mo...

This paper aims to predict and optimize the behavior of solid particle erosion in polymethyl methacrylate material through artificial neural networks assisted with the implementation of metaheuristic algorithms. For the study, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and the corresponding metaheuristic algorithms, such as genetic algorithm (GA), particle...

Amidst the accelerating pace of automation in sheet metal bending, the need for small-batch, multi-varietal, efficient, and adaptable production modalities has become increasingly pronounced. To address this need and to enhance the efficacy of the bending process, this study presents the design and development of an embedded soft PLC (Programmable...

Increased transmission line loading reduces the effectiveness of power system stabilizers in damping oscillations. FACTS devices offer a solution for improving power transmission and system damping. This study proposes a control scheme that combines a fuzzy controller with an optimal linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) controller to enhance power syst...

Nowadays, bridges play a crucial role, especially with the significant increase in the number of vehicles being driven worldwide. Hence, it is crucial to safeguard these structures from damage. This study aims to achieve this objective by proposing a novel hybrid framework for automated delamination detection of bridge decks based on ground penetra...

In the current digital era, the advent of photo editing software and digital media platforms has simplified the process of disseminating images through self-published channels. Nevertheless, the widespread availability of such tools has concurrently facilitated unauthorized image manipulation and alteration. Consequently, safeguarding digital image...

Monitoring anthocyanins is essential for assessing nutritional value and the growth status of plants. This study aimed to utilize hyperspectral technology to non-destructively monitor anthocyanin levels. Spectral data were preprocessed using standard normal variate (SNV) and first-derivative (FD) spectral processing. Feature wavelengths were select...

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need for effective surface disinfection solutions, which has led to the use of mobile robots equipped with ultraviolet (UVC) lamps as a promising technology. This study aims to optimize the navigation of differential mobile robots equipped with UVC lamps to ensure maximum efficiency in disinfecting compl...

Simple Summary: The welfare of free-ranging cetaceans is being impacted around the world due to human activities like commercial fishing and marine traffic. Here, we validate a non-invasive physical indicator of welfare for humpback and fin whales found in the Gulf of St-Lawrence, Canada. Multi-scale measurement of welfare showed that most humpback...

The performance of power distribution systems (PDS) has improved greatly in recent times ever since the distributed generation (DG) unit was incorporated in PDS. DG integration effectively cuts down the line power losses (PL) and strengthens the bus voltages (BV) provided the size and place are optimized. Accordingly, in the present work, a hybrid...

Background: Effective pain management in healthcare remains a significant global challenge, especially in post-operative care. Despite the increasing interest in several modalities for post-surgical pain management (Whale, et al., 2019), persistent postsurgical pain, opioid dependence, and continuous demand to improve patient outcomes, continue to...

This study presents an optimum vehicle architecture along with a design methodology that optimizes the motor power, battery capacity, and propulsion ratio for two different driving profiles using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). A virtual electric vehicle model was created in MATLAB/Simulink and validated with real-wor...

Intrusion detection systems are among the most commonly employed security techniques in the Internet of Things (IoT) due to the increasing usage of IoT systems. Deep learning algorithms are increasingly being utilized in these systems to detect intrusions, anomalies, and attacks. The most significant challenge in training deep learning neural netwo...

Most research on cetacean swimming has been conducted on captive dolphins due to limited accessibility to wild cetaceans. Epibiotic barnacles have been used as indirect evidence of cetacean hydrodynamics, given their lifelong association with cetaceans and dependence on water flow. Previous studies suggested that the spatial distribution of the bar...

Anthropogenic stressors are omnipresent in marine environments and interfere with organisms of all sizes, from large whales to small organisms. We investigated potential interactive multistressor effects of increased temperature with chronic low‐frequency sound on the development and movement patterns of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa, a model...

This article proposes an improved hybrid method combining whale optimization algorithm (IMWOA) and the characteristic deformation method (CDM) to predict the performance curve of centrifugal pumps. The traditional whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is enhanced by introducing chaos mapping, adaptive weight, nonlinear convergence factor strategies, a...

The rapid evolution of cyber threats in IoT-based smart cities necessitates advanced detection methods beyond traditional security measures. Existing models lack adaptability to emerging attacks and often neglect user privacy. This research addresses the gap by developing a robust deep learning framework that ensures both security and privacy. This...

Diabetes causes many health problems including microvascular disease, macrovascular abnormalities and neuropathy. Diabetes is one of the costliest diseases from an economic perspective, and most adults through diabetes live in small- and intermediate-revenue countries, creating additional financial burdens and problems for these countries.The healt...

Overbreak induced by tunnel blasting is a harmful phenomenon. Accurate assessment of overbreak can effectively reduce investment and ensure operational safety. In this study, a hybrid intelligent model for assessing blasting-induced overbreak is proposed which can accurately predict overbreak and effectively evaluate the importance of feature param...

This chapter explores incised depictions of pre-contact and historic Inuit bowhead whaling, reading the images as not merely decorative but photorealistic representations of the whaling enterprise that are informative not only about past Inuit whaling practices and understandings, but also whales' own practices and, by extension, understandings.

In modern power systems, the integration of inverter‐based renewable energy sources has significantly reduced system inertia, leading to heightened frequency fluctuations and potential instability within multi‐area interconnected microgrids. To counter this, a virtual inertia and damping controller utilizing battery energy storage, leveraging the v...

The Vienna rectifier (VR) is a component that plays a pivotal role in various power electronics domains. It finds extensive utility in applications that require increased efficiency and minimized harmonic distortion. Some examples of these applications include solar photovoltaic grid-tied inverters, renewable energy systems, and electric motor vari...

DNA microarray prostate cancer diagnosis systems are widely used, and hybrid feature selection methods are applied to select optimal features to address the high dimensionality of the dataset. This work proposes a new hybrid feature selection method, namely the relief-F (RF)-genetic algorithm (GA) with support vector machine (SVM) classification me...

Jamming resource allocation is an important step in implementing cooperative jamming. Traditional jamming resource allocation considers only the reduction of enemy radar detection performance but ignores the problem of mutual interference in the formation. Therefore, an adaptive scheduling strategy based on the Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (IS...

Nowadays, multi-objective optimization plays a vital role in solving optimal power flow problems. Multi-objective optimal power flow (MOOPF) is a nonlinear optimization problem aimed at optimizing control variables while balancing multiple objective functions and satisfying both equality and inequality constraints and addresses this by integrating...

Liver disease ranks as one of the leading causes of mortality globally, often going undetected until advanced stages. This study aims to enhance early detection of liver disease by employing machine learning models that utilize key health indicators. Utilizing the Indian Liver Patient Dataset (ILPD) from the UCI repository, we developed a predictiv...

The wheel force data acquisition system for six-component force measurements often encounters noise signals during the data acquisition process. If these noises are not removed, they can severely impact the accuracy of vehicle performance analysis. This paper proposes a noise reduction method (IWOA-VMD-IWT) based on an improved whale optimization a...

High‐resolution tri‐axial accelerometry biologging tags have quantitatively described behaviors in baleen whale species that forage using lunges and continuous ram filtration. However, detailed quantitative descriptions of foraging behaviors do not exist for gray whales, a unique baleen whale species that primarily uses benthic suction feeding with...

Objectives: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is one form of blood cancer. This research work suggests the impact of meta-heuristic feature optimization techniques on leukemia diagnosis. Methods: ALL-IDB2 image database is utilized for this purpose which is publicly available. Techniques for pre-processing images include scaling, SMOTE, and augmentation...

Sensors, controllers, and actuators in a networked control system collaborate to execute a distributed closed-loop feedback control system. Currently, NCS includes network components that remain unidentified, such as heightened latency and packet loss, which may be persistent or fluctuate over time. The current predicament stems from the increased...

The post-exploitation recovery of the south-west Atlantic southern right whale (SRW, Eubalaena australis ) population has been affected by widespread calf mortalities, resulting in the development of an International Whaling Commission Conservation Management Plan (IWC-CMP). The coastal waters around the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) comprise a recen...

The average life expectancy is increasing worldwide, but the same cannot be said for a healthy life expectancy (defined as the period during which a person can live a healthy and independent life). Therefore, a major challenge is how to extend healthy life expectancy. One option is to reduce age-related muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) and cognitive dec...

Recently, the Māori People of Aotearoa, Cook Islands, and Tahiti supported a resolution to endorse their ancestors, the whales, as Ocean Ambassadors to the United Nations and to protect their legal personhood. This historic move aims to help protect the whales against dangers such as ship strikes as they migrate through their South Pacific waters....

The tusk of the male narwhal is a prolonged canine tooth, reaching a size of up to 3 m in length. The tusk erupts through the young narwhal’s upper left lip and, over time, develops into an elongated structure composed of dentine growth layers with an outer coating of cementum. In this study, we utilized bomb radiocarbon (¹⁴C) to estimate the ages...

A natural whale fall was opportunistically trawled at ~1000 m depth during the 2017 research vessel ‘Investigator’ voyage whilst sampling bathyal and abyssal communities along the eastern Australian margin. Colonising the whale bones were a diverse assemblage of annelids including three new species of free-living Phyllodocida (Boudemos paulinae sp....

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are a versatile statistical framework commonly used in ecology to characterize behavioural patterns from animal movement data. In HMMs, the observed data depend on a finite number of underlying hidden states, generally interpreted as the animal's unobserved behaviour. The number of states is a crucial parameter, controll...

Pulse pile-up presents a significant challenge in nuclear radiation measurements, particularly in neutron-gamma pulse shape discrimination, as it causes pulse distortion and diminishes identification accuracy. To address this, we propose an optimized Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm for correcting pulse pile-up. Initially, the Dung Beetle...

Handoff events, in which mobile nodes switch between various network access points, frequently result in performance degradation in wireless networks. TCP-PRN (Path Recovery Notification), a method designed to lessen the negative effects of temporary link disconnections, was developed in response to this challenge. The study presents an improved PR...

The Internet of Things (IoT) offers substantial potential for enhancing real-time interaction between various smart components within a network. To reduce communication costs in the IoT infrastructure, wireless sensors can be employed as a cost-effective solution. The widespread applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) across various domains...

Climate change-induced habitat alterations in the Arctic Ocean are expected to affect spatial and temporal occurrence patterns of seasonally migrating baleen whale species, leading to poleward range shifts and prolonged stays in Arctic waters. The aim of this study was to investigate occurrence patterns of blue (Balaenoptera musculus musculus) and...

The spatial distribution of North Atlantic Right Whales (NARW, Eubalaena glacialis) on northwest Atlantic foraging grounds shifted in the early 2010s, with the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence (sGSL) becoming especially important for NARW since 2015. Recent DFO field- and model-based research is synthesized within this document to assess the sGSL as i...

Odontocetes are globally distributed and are foundational to the structure and function of marine food webs, and hence by-catch impacts from gillnet fishing need to be considered in the context of their conservation and population viability. Currently, global gillnet bycatch numbers are unknown yet are estimated to be greatest in Asia, East Africa,...

In practical systems, observation attributes are often susceptible to noise perturbations. Evidential reasoning (ER) rule, by incorporating evidence reliability, is capable of discounting uncertainties such as perturbations to construct a joint reasoning model for obtaining reasonable evaluation results. However, in previous studies, evidence relia...

Rice fields all across the world are affected by spikelet sterility, often known as rice spikelet's disease. It is characterized by the improper development of spikelet’s, which lowers grain output and quality. For optimal management and the avoidance of yield losses, this disease must be discovered early. In this study, a deep learning-based appro...

This paper explores the overlooked role of senses in generating, applying, and recognizing expertise. Drawing from scholarly work on aesthetics, we highlight the role of aesthetic knowledge in expertise-knowledge that resides in cultivated sensory judgments that experts employ to work with and through materiality. We elaborate on three ways in whic...

The Mid-Atlantic region is set to be one of the first and largest contributors to the offshore wind energy goals of the United States. Yet, the same region is home to a diverse marine ecosystem comprising important marine species such as the critically endangered North Atlantic right whale (NARW). To support the responsible development and operatio...

Major evolutionary transitions, such as the shift of cetaceans from terrestrial to marine life, can put pressure on sensory systems to adapt to a new set of relevant stimuli. Relatively little is known about the role of smell in the evolution of mysticetes (baleen whales). While their toothed cousins, the odontocetes, lack the anatomical features t...

Detailed here are records of 34 franciscanas (Pontoporia blainvillei) that stranded, including nine rescued alive and returned to sea, from the Río Negro Estuary, Patagonia, Argentina, between 2003 and 2023. The years with the highest stranding records were 2014 and 2020 (n = 6/ each). Autumn and winter/spring were the seasons with the lowest and h...

The Canary Islands are considered a hot spot for marine species biodiversity. Each stranded cetacean has provided important scientific, biological and pathological information. The morphological identification of parasites in these stranded cetaceans is the main aim of the present article. An investigation to identify parasites was carried out in 2...

Predator-prey interactions present a powerful framework for understanding population regulation in natural systems, including the vast and understudied pelagic deep sea. Oceanic squid are among the most abundant and important species groups in this habitat and function as primary prey for the largest marine top predators, deep-diving cetaceans. At...

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) migrate from their Antarctic feeding grounds to their north-west Australian breeding grounds. North-west Australia has experienced rapid development of the mining and petroleum industry, and remains under increasing human pressure. The aim of this study was to examine the spatiotemporal distribution of humpb...

This study concentrates on the implementation of Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) scheme for tuning of a power system stabilizer’s (PSS’s) parameters to damp the low-frequency oscillations in a power system. To this, the single machine infinite bus system (SMIB), the Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) and the New England 10 machine 39-bus po...

Marine harmful algal blooms (HAB) have been implicated in marine mammal die-offs; but the relationship between sub-lethal algal toxicity and marine mammal vulnerability to human activities has not been assessed. HAB toxins can result in compromised neurological or muscular systems and we posit these conditions can expose marine mammals to increased...

Mangrove estuaries are not immune to the threats posed by climate and anthropogenic constraints on aquatic environments. In the Nyong River estuary, mangrove ecotone has capital importance for biodiversity conservation due to its localization in the Douala-Edé a protected area. For this study, seven quadrats were delimited in aim to evaluate mangro...

Biometrics encompasses technological and scientific advancements in monitoring and interpreting biological data from the human body to enhance system security by offering precise and dependable patterns and techniques for person authentication and recognition. Its solutions are widely used by governments, the armed forces, and enterprises. Single s...

Goose‐beaked whale ( Ziphius cavirostris ) and sperm whale ( Physeter macrocephalus ) are two deep‐diving odontocete species known to occur in the southern Adriatic Sea, based on intermittent stranding and sighting data. To get a better understanding of their presence in this region, we studied the occurrence of echolocation clicks produced by thes...

An account of the historical, current and possible future management of common minke whales in Norway is presented. The current management is based on an approach very similar to the International Whaling Commission’s Revised Management Procedure (RMP) and requires historical and current catch statistics, together with new abundance estimates with...