Water Purification - Science topic

Is there any microbe that uses and changes salt? (not just tolerate)

Can we use microbes in desalination?

#salt #desalination #Halophile

RO purification system is one of the best purification systems to get good source of drinking water. Of course RO will produce pure drinking water which contains much less minerals. (TDS lies between 10 and 30 mg/L.) In such case it is necessary to re-mineralise the water after purification by adding controlled quantity of good salts to bring TDS at least above 80 mg/L. Such water is the best drinking water which can keep us free from contamination of many impurities such as heavy metals, chemical waste, bacteria, radioactivity contamination etc. But traditional RO purifier generates about 75% waste water. How to reduce this by modifying the design of RO purifier?

I am looking for collaborations in environmental sciences. Especially in Water technologies (Water quality, Water treatment, Water management....)

Lead oxide is a poisonous one how can we used in water treatment.is there any method used for water purification.

I am trying to remove phosphate from wastewater sample and also recover them. Is there any material that only absorb phosphate from water? Therefore, which natural material should be appropriate to use as absorbent?

There are lots of laboratory studies on nano application in water/wastewater treatment. however not sure if there is any real world treatment plant sample using this kind of technology in its treatment process worldwide.

Can someone let me know if a treatment plant (water/waste) currently is applying this technology in its process?

Hello everyone! I'm facing a problem, which is how to quantify the contribution of functional genes or microorganisms to pollutant removal rate. Structural equation model （SEM) seems to be only used to explain the impact of environmental factors? Can stepwise regression analysis or random forest model achieve this goal?

Many biosorbents, nano composites and other adsorbents including chemically engineered adsorbents have experimented and are being experimented for wastewater treatment. What are the prospects of use of these adsorbents for safe purification of drinking water ?

is there any article journal or reliable writing that explain about testing the total suspended solid (TSS) in water using photometric method as most of the article that i found using gravimetric method. can i use photometric method to conduct the water?

Hi, we are trying to figure out if ultra-purified water can be stored. We have a Thermo Smart2Pure 3 uv/uf.

If it is possible to store the ultra-purified water:

1. Will the type I water change its conductivity, resistance and TOCS (total organic carbon) to a type II or type III?

2. And how long can it be stored for?

3. What type of container would be needed?

If it is not possible to store it:

1. What would you do to decrease the need for filter change, given that our lab will only be using this type of water once a week for a year or more?

Thanks to anyone with information on this!

I have the Na2So4 solution. Is it possible to imediately PPT the Na2SO4 by adding other materials. I want to re-use the separated water for other cleaning purpose. The TDS of the solution is around 60,000 ppm. 

I want to ask about the difference between water purification and air purification in synthesis and materials for TiO2 photocatalysis

what test that should be done to activated carbon filter of purified water system in order to evaluate the performance of the unit operation. (test such as TVB ,BET, chlorine,TOC,TSS, total hardness and so on)

Dear Colleagues,

I’m pleased to inform you that open access journal /Catalysts/ (ISSN 2073-4344, Impact Factor: 3.444) is planning to publish a Special Issue on the topic of "Trends in Catalytic Advanced Oxidation Processes". The submission deadline is 30 March 2020.

This Special Issue is dedicated to novel achievements in the field of catalytic advanced oxidation processes. The contributions should be related to the listed topics:

· Catalytic processes in water and wastewater treatment

· Developments in Fenton-like AOPs

· Activation of Persulfates for AOPs

· Formation of sulfate radicals

· Catalytic cavitation-based AOPs (hydrodynamic cavitation and acoustic cavitation)

· Sonocatalysts

· Catalytic ozonation

· Photocatalysts—including visible light and UV applications

· Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO)

· Catalytic–electrochemical AOPs

· Carbon catalysts for AOPs

· Nanocatalysts

· Risk of by-product formation during water and wastewater treatment

· Developments in process control of catalytic AOPs (analytical methods, chromatographic, and spectroscopic techniques)

· Methods of catalysts characterization

· Post-process assessment of effluents toxicity

· Application of nanobubbles in AOPs

· Economic analysis of catalytic AOPs application and catalysts life cycle assessment (LCO)

· Industrial catalytic wastewater treatment

· Modelling and optimization of catalytic processes

· Green chemistry aspects in catalytic water and wastewater treatment

Detailed information regarding this issue, please follow the link below to the Special Issue website at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/catalysts/special_issues/catalytic_aop

By publishing with Catalysts, you will take advantage of the following attributes:

*Fast Publication*:

First decision provided to authors approximately 13.4 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 5.5 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2018).

The papers will be processed immediately upon receipt. A Special Issue (SI) is not an issue of the journal. It is a collection of articles on a common topic. These articles are published in the regular issues of the journal when they are accepted (no delay) but additionally labelled with the Special Issue name (including a link). A single click on the link will organize all the articles on the Special Issue webpage.

*High Impact*:

According to Web of Science data, the impact factor for Catalysts 2018 was 3.444. The five-year impact factor was 3.808. Catalysts now ranks in Q2 of the "Chemical, Physical" category.

According to Scopus data, the CiteScore for Catalysts 2018 was 3.85, which ranks it in Q1 of the “Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry” category, and Q2 of the “Chemical Engineering, Catalysis” category.

*Low Article Processing Fees*:

To enable the journal to make all of its content open access, Catalysts levies an article processing charge (APC) of CHF 1600 for each manuscript accepted after peer review in 2019 which compares well with other journals.

Please note that for papers submitted after 31 December 2019 an APC of 1800 CHF applies.

*Discount*:

A discount may apply if your institute has established an institutional membership with MDPI. For more information, see http://www.mdpi.com/about/memberships.

If you have helped review for MDPI journals and got a discount voucher, you can use it.

In order to plan for the whole paper project, I appreciate you could inform me within three weeks as to whether you would be willing to contribute. I also encourage you to send a short abstract to me (grzegorz.boczkaj@pg.edu.pl) or to Caroline Zhan (caroline.zhan@mdpi.com) in advance.

Sincerely hope this invitation will receive your favorable consideration.

Best regards,

Guest Editor

Prof. Grzegorz Boczkaj, PhD. Sc. Eng. Assoc. Prof.

Email: grzegorz.boczkaj@pg.edu.pl

Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of

Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland

Caroline Zhan

Assistant Editor

Email: caroline.zhan@mdpi.com

Catalysts (IF 3.444, http://www.mdpi.com/journal/catalysts)

Dear researchers, scholars, academicians, inventors, scientists, innovators and all my folks there, after leaving 9 yrs of university studies and i am always intrigue to solve the waste issues and eco-friendly alternative packaging. I have ideas and finding solutions with little knowledge that i learned, collected and following all the updates till now the discovery had done. I want to understand and study more because i think i lack some skills or i need to dig more deeper to deliver my ideas. If anybody could suggests, guide or mentor me where i could learn or study or do scientific research about areas on waste to energy, fuel cells, hydrogen energy, alternative eco-friendly packaging, gasification techniques with zero harm to environment.

Grateful to you all for your valuable time and i appreciate and welcome any of your suggestions.

Regards.

Many techniques have been developed to treat wastewater, including nanoparticle-based, biofilm-based techniques and maybe many others. What is needed for future study? How well do we know about the mechanisms (Science)? What is needed to improve current techniques? what is less expensive and easy available? What is some potential new technology for wastewater treatment?

I have reviewed many articles containing information related to the inactivation of pathogens in water and air. It sounds promising to use Heat and UV for the inactivation of viruses. So can we use solar energy which is a good source of heat and UV in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic?

To the best of my knowledge, it sounds promising to me. I suggest the disinfection of facial masks, PPE kits, health care equipment, public transport, food items, household water, utensils, portable quarantine facilities, hospital wards, etc. using solar energy systems. In my evidence-based study in this review article I have tried to provide a new direction to thermal engineers for research in materials, design, and economic feasibility of solar energy systems to combat COVID-19.

Preprints available at:

Please don't forget to give your valuable comments and suggestions.

What are the disadvantages of using nanomaterials in water and

wastewater treatment?

Hello, so I'm doing some research on clinoptilolite, a naturally made zeolite. I'm testing on its ability to treat hard water (water with high levels of magnesium/calcium), and how temperature can impact its ability to extract cations.

From my results, I can observe that as temperature increases, its ability to adsorb/extract cations decrease, and I would like some understanding as to why this could be.

Along with this, I have read that its selectivity in cations range from charge densities, where it would be Ca2+ > Mg2+, but my results don't reflect that. Could there be a reason why?

Thank you.

I have treated my highly contaminated water to make it soft but although i managed to make it soft water, the TDS is still the same as i used Cations Exchange Method.

So, Is there any method to reduce the TDS of the contaminated water?

Suggestions would be highly appreciable!

If i am using the demineralized water with the PH of the 5 to 6 & conductivity of 100-150 μs/cm to clean the aluminum alloy, can it cause a corrosion to aluminum?

Which among these would be effective water disinfection method?

What are the possible disadvantages of UV water disinfection? Can the technology of Cu-Ag disinfection come up in future? What are the main challenges faced by this technology?

Please suggest a high graphical resolution software for Water Quality Modeling of Water Supply Pipe Networks which includes the ability to analyze chemical decay. Thank you.

Far-infrared ceramic beads can emit infrared radiation ; but can not all object at nonzero absolute temperature emit blackbody radiation? What is special about these ceramic beads that are used in water filter? if the beads do disrupt hydrogen bonding, then how the disruption persists through water that has no "memory"? and how that can be related to nutritional or pharmaceutical value of water?

I have found no sound mechanism that can explain health benefits of far-infrared ceramic beads for water purification. can you explain?

Hi every one,

In drinking mineral water treatment we just check the water micro biologically for Ecoli, fecal coliform, Total coliform and TVC, and some times Pseudomonas.

How we detect viruses in water?

how to isolate viruses from water?

How to Characterize them?

Hi everyone

I'm looking for a way to measure ozone concentrations in water.

The best method I have found is accurate and sensitive was the Indigo method, but unfortunately it is very expensive in our country due to the boycott.

Can I use a method that is suitable for low concentrations of ozone?

Can I make Potassium Indigo Trisulfonate Salt from Indigo or Indigo Carmine?

There is special product in vat dyes which is already chlorine fast. Is there anyway to that I can apply as finishing to improve chlorine fastness of vat dyes. I am looking for solution which is passive to chlorine or that can create protective layer against it.

Our 13+ year old Milli-Q Synthesis A-10 died and needs to be replaced. A quote for a replacement (including discounts) is over $12K! Can anyone tell me about alternative companies and systems that are more affordable? Thanks!

-Rudy

Membrane fouling is a process whereby a solution or a particles are deposited on a membrane surface or in membrane pores in a processes such as in a membrane bioreactor, reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, membrane distillation, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, or nanofiltration so that the membrane's performance is degraded. Membrane fouling is thea major obstacle to the widespread use of this technology.

Hot springs that are good for health and that people in every parts of the world bathe in these waters and enjoy their mineral and even soothing properties, but after bathing, many pollutants enter the water. Whereas the effluent of these waters is dumped into rivers in some places very easily and strangely.

If these valuable and useful waters can be reused, in many places we will have both clean water and employment.

I made a glass reactor for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment with silicon glue, Is this reactor able to operate in high-pH situations?

This reactor is prepared for the photocatalytic ozonation process.

When I did this process in pH=10, I got unexpected results, and that test failed, and it was foamy on the water surface during the test!

What is the most cheapest procedure to soften the hard water, decontaminating it and reducing the high minerals contents

(Removal of magnesium and calcium ions in it)!

Suggestions Required???

Is nanotechnology more energy efficient, if so how?

i am a bit confused about the relationship betwern hydrophobicity and oleophicity, Initially I thought if a material is hydrophobic it should also be oleophilic and vice vera but that doesn't seems to always be the case.

my question is how can I increase the oleophilicity of a polymer that has some acetate groups and hydroxyl groups?

Also, why is Flourine group considered toxic?

I have added some PAC to 20% alum solution and a white sediment was formed. any idea what is that sediment?

Bottle drinking water contained many floc. What is the reason? This water produced from fully automated systems.

Hello everybody, I have been overwhelmed by the responses I have had to the Process Stress in Wastewater Treatment Survey. This is the last time I will be posting the survey before it closes. So please, if you can spare 10 min to fill in the survey it would be greatly appreciated. Thank you again for your support!

It is easy for me to have demineralizsed water than distilled water; can I use this for antifungal growth test?

Deionized water is highly purified water that has gone through reverse osmosis. Why the nucleases (proteins) stay while the reverse osmosis removes ions ?

Recent announcement no 458 from Tamilnadu public service commission TNPSC has avoided chemistry post graduates in the recruitment notice and instead they recruit geology graduates for the post of assistant geochemist. They by-passed the old G.O and got secret G.O. in 2016 to disqualify the chemistry graduates in the selection process. G.O. no 141 says that

As per G.O. No MS. 141 dated 24-08-16

The Cheif Engineer, Water Resources Department, State Ground and surface water resources data centre has that due to non-availability of suitable candidates by method of transfer or by recruitment by transfer, he has proposed to retain direct  recruitment and to omit other methods of appointment. He has also reported that without the knowledge of geology, assistant Geophysicist and Assistant Geochemist can't interpret the findings. After considering field difficulties experienced in the past in having recruited candidates with Physics and Chemist qualifications did not practically give good results. He has, therefore, proposed to prescribe Master of Science in Geology as compulsory qualification in the adhoc rules.

Is this the way to solve this issue and abolishing the chemistry qualified candidates in the recruitment either by transfer or by direct recruitment. Will the geology qualified candidates do chemical analysis better than chemistry graduates? Did geology students under gone any chemical practical work like chemistry graduates from school, UG and PG level? If chemistry graduates require geology knowledge teach them with Geology specialist in PWD and train them. In my personal issue with Drug control department also the same issue was there to avoid chemistry graduates in the recruitment of Junior analyst. In this way they completely remove chemistry qualified candidates in the recruitment of government servants for technical posts.

What is the best and most economical water purification method that can be used in Africa to purify the water for drinking purpose for people?

I have started working on the above mentioned model, I would like if someone can guide me on this, how to pursue this type of modelling as it can be used/setup in rural areas where there are lack of resources or lack of funds which ultimately results in people drinking unhygienic water which is not good for their health and hence can get disease like Diarrhoea which causes 4% of all deaths and 5% of health loss to disability (As Per WHO report).

Hello, as part of my research I will be looking at stresses in wastewater treatment processes. I would welcome any contributions to the survey I have produced (Below). This will give me a valuable insight into the perception of process stress for wastewater treatment processes. https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/NRPTB8G.

Electrospun membranes appear to be increasingly popular for water treatment applications. I under how they are fabricated, etc but Im not quite how they are used, I would be grateful if someone could answer the below questions:

1) Electrospun mats as spun appear like white flexible sheets. Are these used as is? or do they need to be place on a supporting surface?

2) In some papers I've seen the electrospun membrane being placed on nonwoven polyester substrates, im not quite sure why this is done?

Thanks,

What are the old and traditional methods for water purification in your country? Have you ever been able to control the authenticity of traditional methods and methods?

I am building a NFT system for Aquaponics lettuce . I have tried to do research into proper channels to use for a DIY project. I am debating between considering round pvc pipe 4", or 4" square vinyl fence posts. I have seen some people stress the importance of flat channels for a proper nutrient film, but nothing conclusive. People seem to use both with varying success. The square channels are much more expensive, so is it needed? Any help or good resources on the topic are highly appreciated. Thanks!

There is lot of methods mention in literature to clean water but I want to know in bulk. How we can treat water from tube-wel/ turbine etc?

I'm currently working with a water purification system that is connected to an online TOC/Conductivity meter and we're seeing a sharp spike in TOC every Tuesday and Friday between 12:30AM-1:30AM and I'm not sure why. Typically it reads at around 3ppb, but these spikes see it go as high as 82ppb and they're at consistent times during the week.

We do a heat sanitisation of the system every Monday and Thursday nights, but I've just got no clue what could be causing it. Does anyone have any ideas as to why this could be happening?

Hi

I'm student aquaculture in MSC And I'm going dissertation topic work on the algae.please guide me

The material (besides clay) needs to be non-reactive/stable, and preferably synthetic. Thank you very much in advance! Your suggestion is very much appreciated!

I need learn about impacts on water quality from peat extraction. I got some advanced documents from this group, but I wish to find something about the state of the art.

I have the aim to apply methods in civil engineering in Sweden.

Thanks!

I need low cost water purification technique with readily available material for designing solar water heater cum purifier for rural households.

Nano and Micro size particles of P25 TiO₂and ZnO semiconductors have nearly same bandwidth and often used for their comparative studies for water purification application for hazardous heavy metals for health, such as As, Cr, dyes, and even E-Coli bacteria. Could someone kindly throw more light on this subject to clearly  understand and conclude which one of these two photo catalysts is more suitable from the points of views as follows: over all performance, health, safety, system cost, sludge management, environment friendly, material reuse life, etc. Best regards.

My research involves the coating of a rough polymer mesh with a zwitterionic superhydrophilic polymer. The mesh is then subjected to a flow (tap water) with nutrient dosage for accelerated bacterial growth. The hydrophilicity is expected to retain a water layer thus prevent/delay the attachment of bacteria. On the contrary, with or without the flow, the coating does not provide any noticeable resistance to bacterial adhesion though it is visibly hydrophilic. What am I missing here?

please give me any link of filter bed with rice husk ,neem husk,corn cobs,moringa oliefera and cocunut coir.

Water purifiers can remove water hardness but are not handy.

sea water desalination

Fluoride is major contaminant in groundwater.

I wish to investigate the effectiveness of the above mentioned composite in the treatment of water, thereby trying to improve water treatment membranes

Is there any pathogenic organism or smelling effect formed in fresh water yield while using wick or sponge material in solar still desalination

 Hello fellow researchers, I see a lot of articles in using adsorbents for water treatment processes, I wanna ask which method is more applicable in research and industry?! Adsorbents, membrane, photo catalyst or biological approaches?

I found out that species of Cladophora, a green algae, has a great ability to remove arsenic in water. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using phycoremediators like this instead of other chemical and physical techniques like ion exchange, filtration, reverse osmosis, etc. in terms of ecological and economic impacts?

A huge problem is reported at water filtration plant as sand filters are clogging/choking every 4-6 hours. Backwashing the filters multiple times per day is harming water treatment efficiency. Can anyone suggest a solution?

How to calculate the cross sectional area required of Forward Osmosis membrane for treating any wastewater?

Would putting a layer of activated carbon (granular or powdered) upstream from sand filter layer enhance the arsenic removal efficiency. Notes that, none of the material is impregnated with any other contents (e.g. iron). However, say that the groundwater also contain Fe(II) which can be oxidized and help to remove arsenic.

There are several methods proposed claiming to have maximum efficiency in water purification, These methods include sensor method and filtration techniques. Do you have any idea which the best?

I am using metal loaded silica for water purification. I want to dopcast the silica onto a glassy carbon electrode but am unable to disperse it. So how and in what solvent do we disperse the silica so that we get an uniform dispersion which can be drop casted on to the electrode.

As part of my Advanced Oxidation Process in water purification using UV- hydrogen peroxide, I would want to filter out the nitrate ions and permit the humic acids to enter with the rest of the feed water into the UV reactor.

Is there any suitable pre-filtration method like ion-exchange or membrane seperation that would allow me to do so.

I want to sterilize water at rate of 1 liter per second.

there is two main question:

1. which process has lower cost (for this rate or higher)

2. which process has highest accuracy. in fact it is very important for me to kill all living organism in water !

I am modeling my protocol after the methodology described in Asaoka et al., 2015, A membrane extraction method for trace level phosphate analysis. I'm wondering if anyone else has tried this method. 

Some of RO water purification system used stage of minerals filter which is consists of coarse ball particles called "MT-T33-GAC-1020" there's no information about this medium. Any body has information of that kind of medium ?

In water desalination by using solar still , saline water is heated and gets evaporated and then the vapour condenses on the glass cover.

In this type of treatment we get rid of contamination such as salts, minerals, solid material which remain in the basin , however, can we get rid of the bacteria or microscopic organisms that might cause diseases or further special treatment is needed? 

Providing related references (names of articles or books) is appreciated 

What is the best method to estimate water resistivity knowing the salinity/chlorinity and formation temperature?

I am working on a proyect to apply electrolysis to water with neonicotinoids in order to break these compounds and decontaminate the water. So far I've tried dilute HCl and an ethanol+alcohol+couple drops of acid electrolytes but I keep only getting the water electrolysis and my compound is not changed. Suggestions on what electrolyte I can use? I've thought about salts like NaCl, Na2SO4, etc. but haven't tried these. I'm using two Pt electrodes.

We are working on effects of Moringa oleifera and charcoal filters in water purification.....both drinking and sewage waters and studying the presence of certain groups of bacteria e.g coliforms. We want to broaden the research and include the presence and absence of biofilms in the study but do not know how to go about this....your help will be appreciated...even links to materials that can assist us in this study

My research work is on Removal of Iron from drinking water using ion exchange resins. For that, initially I am using resins to remove iron from standard iron solution to find out the optimum time for highest % removal but after maintaining the pH to 6-7 and then treating the standard solution with resins and adding hydroxylamine, 1,10-phenanthroline, sodium acetate I want to know what is the maximum time that one can leave the solution for color development before going for spectrometer testing.

At what pH that I can work the technique of adsorption by sand with a solution of cadmium or chromium at pH below 2.

for avoiding precipitation of these metals and the formation of Cd (OH)2 and Cr (OH)3.

consederant is that sand is rich (Fe2O3 = 73.1%, TiO2 = 11.4%; SiO2 = 4.99%; ZrO2 = 2.83%; ..)